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Alharasees O, Kale U, Rohacs J, Rohacs D, Eva ME, Boros A. Green building energy: Patents analysis and analytical hierarchy process evaluation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29442. [PMID: 38660241 PMCID: PMC11040038 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the dynamic sphere of building energy systems, this study explores advancements in energy integration, storage technologies, management practices, and occupant behavior, assessing sustainable energy practices, including emerging technologies like fuel cells and energy storage systems. It underscores the significance of efficient energy management, considering both renewable and conventional energy mechanisms. The study comprises four key strata: (i) a thorough literature review of recent energy trends, (ii) a comparative study of global energy patents using the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) database, (iii) a comprehensive analysis of building-energy patents, and (iv) expert-guided Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) evaluation. These realms encompass five primary sources: (i) energy-efficient building design, (ii) intelligent building automation, (iii) optimizing energy systems integration, (iv) energy storage, and (v) energy management and optimization. Findings reveal energy storage's dominance, with water energy storage and emerging hydrogen technology leading the trajectory. Global energy patent scrutiny underscores China, the United States, and Japan as influential players in optimizing energy markets. The research shapes energy futures, identifies gaps, and drives sustainable energy practices within the built environment, serving as a compass for policymakers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Alharasees
- Department of Aeronautics and Naval Architecture, Faculty of Transportation Engineering and Vehicle Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Utku Kale
- Department of Aeronautics and Naval Architecture, Faculty of Transportation Engineering and Vehicle Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Circular Economy Analysis and Knowledge, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
| | - Jozsef Rohacs
- Department of Aeronautics and Naval Architecture, Faculty of Transportation Engineering and Vehicle Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Circular Economy Analysis and Knowledge, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
| | - Daniel Rohacs
- Department of Aeronautics and Naval Architecture, Faculty of Transportation Engineering and Vehicle Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Circular Economy Analysis and Knowledge, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
| | - Muller Enetta Eva
- Centre for Circular Economy Analysis and Knowledge, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
- Institute of Sports Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Boros
- Centre for Circular Economy Analysis and Knowledge, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
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