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Luk OO, Lakhlili J, Hoenen O, von Toussaint U, Scott BD, Coster DP. Towards validated multiscale simulations for fusion. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200074. [PMID: 33775143 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing energy produced by thermonuclear fusion reactions has the potential to provide a clean and inexpensive source of energy to Earth. However, throughout the past seven decades, physicists learned that creating our very own fusion energy source is very difficult to achieve. We constructed a component-based, multiscale fusion workflow to model fusion plasma inside the core of a tokamak device. To ensure the simulation results agree with experimental values, the model needs to undergo the process of verification, validation and uncertainty quantification (VVUQ). This paper will go over the VVUQ work carried out in the multiscale fusion workflow (MFW), with the help of the EasyVVUQ software library developed by the VECMA project. In particular, similarity of distributions from simulation and experiment is explored as a validation metric. Such initial validation measures provide insights into the accuracy of the simulation results. This article is part of the theme issue 'Reliability and reproducibility in computational science: implementing verification, validation and uncertainty quantification in silico'.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Luk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany
| | - J Lakhlili
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany
| | - O Hoenen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany
| | | | - B D Scott
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany
| | - D P Coster
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany
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Groen D, Arabnejad H, Jancauskas V, Edeling WN, Jansson F, Richardson RA, Lakhlili J, Veen L, Bosak B, Kopta P, Wright DW, Monnier N, Karlshoefer P, Suleimenova D, Sinclair R, Vassaux M, Nikishova A, Bieniek M, Luk OO, Kulczewski M, Raffin E, Crommelin D, Hoenen O, Coster DP, Piontek T, Coveney PV. VECMAtk: a scalable verification, validation and uncertainty quantification toolkit for scientific simulations. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200221. [PMID: 33775151 PMCID: PMC8059654 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We present the VECMA toolkit (VECMAtk), a flexible software environment for single and multiscale simulations that introduces directly applicable and reusable procedures for verification, validation (V&V), sensitivity analysis (SA) and uncertainty quantication (UQ). It enables users to verify key aspects of their applications, systematically compare and validate the simulation outputs against observational or benchmark data, and run simulations conveniently on any platform from the desktop to current multi-petascale computers. In this sequel to our paper on VECMAtk which we presented last year [1] we focus on a range of functional and performance improvements that we have introduced, cover newly introduced components, and applications examples from seven different domains such as conflict modelling and environmental sciences. We also present several implemented patterns for UQ/SA and V&V, and guide the reader through one example concerning COVID-19 modelling in detail. This article is part of the theme issue 'Reliability and reproducibility in computational science: implementing verification, validation and uncertainty quantification in silico'.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Groen
- Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - H. Arabnejad
- Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | | | - W. N. Edeling
- Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F. Jansson
- Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R. A. Richardson
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
- Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. Lakhlili
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - L. Veen
- Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B. Bosak
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center, Poznań, Poland
| | - P. Kopta
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center, Poznań, Poland
| | - D. W. Wright
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - N. Monnier
- CEPP - Center for Excellence in Performance Programming, Atos Bull, Rennes, France
| | - P. Karlshoefer
- CEPP - Center for Excellence in Performance Programming, Atos Bull, Rennes, France
| | - D. Suleimenova
- Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - R. Sinclair
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - M. Vassaux
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - A. Nikishova
- Computational Science Lab, Institute for Informatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. Bieniek
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Onnie O. Luk
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - M. Kulczewski
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center, Poznań, Poland
| | - E. Raffin
- CEPP - Center for Excellence in Performance Programming, Atos Bull, Rennes, France
| | - D. Crommelin
- Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O. Hoenen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - D. P. Coster
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - T. Piontek
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center, Poznań, Poland
| | - P. V. Coveney
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, London, UK
- Computational Science Lab, Institute for Informatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wright DW, Richardson RA, Edeling W, Lakhlili J, Sinclair RC, Jancauskas V, Suleimenova D, Bosak B, Kulczewski M, Piontek T, Kopta P, Chirca I, Arabnejad H, Luk OO, Hoenen O, Węglarz J, Crommelin D, Groen D, Coveney PV. Building Confidence in Simulation: Applications of EasyVVUQ. Adv Theory Simul 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Wright
- Centre for Computational ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Robin A. Richardson
- Centre for Computational ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Wouter Edeling
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica Science Park 123 Amsterdam 1098 XG The Netherlands
| | - Jalal Lakhlili
- Max‐Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching Boltzmannstraße 2 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Robert C. Sinclair
- Centre for Computational ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Vytautas Jancauskas
- Leibniz Supercomputing Centre Boltzmannstraße 1 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | | | - Bartosz Bosak
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center ul. Jana Pawła II 10 Poznań 61‐139 Poland
| | - Michal Kulczewski
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center ul. Jana Pawła II 10 Poznań 61‐139 Poland
| | - Tomasz Piontek
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center ul. Jana Pawła II 10 Poznań 61‐139 Poland
| | - Piotr Kopta
- Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center ul. Jana Pawła II 10 Poznań 61‐139 Poland
| | - Irina Chirca
- Centre for Computational ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | | | - Onnie O. Luk
- Max‐Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching Boltzmannstraße 2 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Olivier Hoenen
- Max‐Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching Boltzmannstraße 2 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Jan Węglarz
- Institute of Computing SciencePoznan University of Technology Piotrowo 2 Poznań 60‐965 Poland
| | - Daan Crommelin
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica Science Park 123 Amsterdam 1098 XG The Netherlands
- Korteweg‐de Vries InstituteUniversity of Amsterdam Science Park 105‐107 Amsterdam 1098 XG The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter V. Coveney
- Centre for Computational ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London London WC1H 0AJ UK
- Informatics InstituteUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdam 1090 GH Netherlands
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