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Pelaia C, Crimi C, Crimi N, Ricciardi L, Scichilone N, Valenti G, Bonavita O, Andaloro S, Morini P, Rizzi A, Pelaia G. Indacaterol/glycopyrronium/mometasone fixed dose combination for uncontrolled asthma. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 16:183-195. [PMID: 34845963 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.2011222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma symptoms can be relieved through a maintenance treatment combining long-acting β2-agonist and inhaled corticosteroids (LABA/ICS). However, for patients with inadequately controlled asthma, the LABA/ICS combination might not be sufficient, and clinical guidelines recommend the administration of inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) as an add-on therapy to better control asthma and improve lung function. For nearly two decades, the only LAMA to be approved on the market has been tiotropium. AREAS COVERED We reviewed recent clinical studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of LABA/LAMA/ICS fixed dose combinations by searching the PubMed database. Molecular mechanisms and clinical data support the use of a once-daily, single-inhaler fixed dose combination of the LABA/LAMA/ICS indacaterol/glycopyrronium/mometasone (IND/GLY/MF), the first therapy combining three agents in a fixed dose approved in Europe for the treatment of uncontrolled asthma. EXPERT OPINION IND/GLY/MF was superior to both IND/MF and salmeterol/fluticasone, a well-established LABA/ICS combination improving the lung function in uncontrolled asthma. Moreover, IND/GLY/MF, delivered through the Breezhaler inhaler in a single inhalation, is the first inhaled therapy prescribed alongside a digital companion, a sensor and the Propeller app, allowing for improved treatment adherence, reduced rescue inhaler usage and hospitalizations, increased patient satisfaction and asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Crimi
- Respiratory Disease Unit, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Crimi
- Respiratory Disease Unit, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luisa Ricciardi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino", Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Scichilone
- Medicine of the Respiratory System, Hospital 'P. Giaccone', University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valenti
- Allergology and Pulmonology Unit, Pta Biondo, ASP Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Morini
- Medical Department, Novartis Farma Origgio, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Rizzi
- Medical Department, Novartis Farma Origgio, Varese, Italy
| | - Girolamo Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Menzella F, Ferrari E, Ferrucci SM, Lombardi E, Alfano S, Bonavita O, Morini P, Rizzi A, Matucci A. Self-administration of omalizumab: why not? A literature review and expert opinion. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:499-507. [PMID: 33504237 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1882990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Omalizumab is used to treat severe uncontrolled allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and is approved for self-administration in prefilled syringes. It is thus important to understand the advantages, critical issues, and indications for home administration.Areas covered: The present review summarizes the available evidence on home administration of omalizumab in asthma and CSU to illustrate the advantages derived from self-administration of patients in this setting.Expert opinion: The available data suggest that patients can safely administer biologics at home with suitable training, and that home administration is time saving and cost-effective. The majority of patients with severe asthma or CSU treated with omalizumab are likely to be suitable candidates for self-administration, which can be proposed to anyone that the clinician deems suitable. In addition to clinicians, pharmacists can also play a key role in managing patients who are prescribed home administration. A practical flow chart is proposed on selection of patients and their management during home administration. Self-administration of biologics can be considered as a valid alternative to traditional injections in a clinical setting, and the evidence has shown that no major issues need to be overcome in terms of safety or efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Menzella
- Pneumology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia- IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrari
- Hospital Pharmacy, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Silvia Mariel Ferrucci
- Servizio di Dermatologia Allergologica e Professionale, U.O.C. Dermatologia. Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Lombardi
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, "Meyer" Pediatric University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Matucci
- Immunoallergology Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy
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Bonavita O, Mollica Poeta V, Massara M, Mantovani A, Bonecchi R. Regulation of hematopoiesis by the chemokine system. Cytokine 2019; 109:76-80. [PMID: 29429849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although chemokines are best known for their role in directing cell migration, accumulating evidence indicate their involvement in many other processes. This review focus on the role of chemokines in hematopoiesis with an emphasis on myelopoiesis. Indeed, many chemokine family members are an important component of the cytokine network present in the bone marrow that controls proliferation, retention, and mobilization of hematopoietic progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Valeria Mollica Poeta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy
| | - Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy; The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy.
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Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells and are the first recruited to inflammatory sites. Neutrophils are an important component of the tumor stroma and can exert both anti-tumoral and pro-tumoral activities, depending on their maturation and activation state. In human gliomas, the number of circulating and infiltrating neutrophils correlates with the severity of the disease, indicating a prognostic and possible pro-tumoral role for these leukocytes. In glioma preclinical models, neutrophils promote tumor growth and orchestrate the resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies. Nevertheless, recent data indicate that neutrophils can be activated to directly kill tumor cells or to orchestrate the anti-tumoral response. Here, we review current knowledge about the role of neutrophils in glioma and their possible involvement in new strategies to improve current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Mollica Poeta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Simonelli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
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Bonavita O, Mollica Poeta V, Setten E, Massara M, Bonecchi R. Corrigendum: ACKR2: An Atypical Chemokine Receptor Regulating Lymphatic Biology. Front Immunol 2017; 8:520. [PMID: 28496448 PMCID: PMC5425598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Valeria Mollica Poeta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Setten
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
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Bonavita O, Mollica Poeta V, Setten E, Massara M, Bonecchi R. ACKR2: An Atypical Chemokine Receptor Regulating Lymphatic Biology. Front Immunol 2017; 7:691. [PMID: 28123388 PMCID: PMC5225091 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays an important role in the induction of the immune response by transporting antigens, inflammatory mediators, and leukocytes from peripheral tissues to draining lymph nodes. It is emerging that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are playing an active role in this context via the expression of chemokines, inflammatory mediators promoting cell migration, and chemokine receptors. Particularly, LECs express atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs), which are unable to promote conventional signaling and cell migration while they are involved in the regulation of chemokine availability. Here, we provide a summary of the data on the role of ACKR2 expressed by lymphatics, indicating an essential role for this ACKRs in the regulation of the inflammation and the immune response in different pathological conditions, including infection, allergy, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Valeria Mollica Poeta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Setten
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
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Abstract
The role of neutrophils in cancer and metastasis is still debated and controversial since they have been shown to be endowed with both pro- and antitumor functions. These contradictory results seem to be now explained by recent discoveries of tumor-associated neutrophils plasticity and multiple neutrophil subsets. Chemokines and chemokine receptors are known to tightly regulate the release of neutrophils from the bone marrow, their passage into circulation and transmigration into the tissues as well as tumor infiltration. It is emerging that chemokine receptors are differentially expressed by neutrophil subsets and they affect not only their recruitment but also their effector functions. Here we are resuming human and murine data suggesting that therapeutic modulation of neutrophil activity through the targeting of specific chemokines or chemokine receptors can improve their anti-tumoral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy.
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Massara M, Bonavita O, Mantovani A, Locati M, Bonecchi R. Atypical chemokine receptors in cancer: friends or foes? J Leukoc Biol 2016; 99:927-33. [PMID: 26908826 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3mr0915-431rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine system is a fundamental component of cancer-related inflammation involved in all stages of cancer development. It controls not only leukocyte infiltration in primary tumors but also angiogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, and migration to metastatic sites. Atypical chemokine receptors are a new, emerging class of regulators of the chemokine system. They control chemokine bioavailability by scavenging, transporting, or storing chemokines. They can also regulate the activity of canonical chemokine receptors with which they share the ligands by forming heterodimers or by modulating their expression levels or signaling activity. Here, we summarize recent results about the role of these receptors (atypical chemokine receptor 1/Duffy antigen receptor for chemokine, atypical chemokine receptor 2/D6, atypical chemokine receptor 3/CXC-chemokine receptor 7, and atypical chemokine receptor 4/CC-chemokine receptor-like 1) on the tumorigenesis process, indicating that their effects are strictly dependent on the cell type on which they are expressed and on their coexpression with other chemokine receptors. Indeed, atypical chemokine receptors inhibit tumor growth and progression through their activity as negative regulators of chemokine bioavailability, whereas, on the contrary, they can promote tumorigenesis when they regulate the signaling of other chemokine receptors, such as CXC-chemokine receptor 4. Thus, atypical chemokine receptors are key components of the regulatory network of inflammation and immunity in cancer and may have a major effect on anti-inflammatory and immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy; and
| | - Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy; and
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy; and
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
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Bonavita O, Massara M, Anselmo A, Somma P, Brühl H, Mack M, Locati M, Bonecchi R. Flow Cytometry Detection of Chemokine Receptors for the Identification of Murine Monocyte and Neutrophil Subsets. Methods Enzymol 2015; 570:441-56. [PMID: 26921958 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors are differentially expressed on leukocyte subpopulations dictating their ability to migrate both in physiological and pathological conditions. Their expression is modulated during leukocyte differentiation and maturation and they can be used as markers to identify and characterize the frequency and the activation state of leukocytes present in a tissue. Here, we will describe flow cytometry approaches to detect chemokine receptors identifying subpopulations of circulating monocytes and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Bonavita
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Somma
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Hilke Brühl
- Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Mack
- Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy.
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