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Guerra-Rebollo M, Nogueira de Moraes C, Alcoholado C, Soler-Botija C, Sanchez-Cid L, Vila OF, Meca-Cortés O, Ramos-Romero S, Rubio N, Becerra J, Blanco J, Garrido C. Glioblastoma Bystander Cell Therapy: Improvements in Treatment and Insights into the Therapy Mechanisms. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2018; 11:39-51. [PMID: 30364660 PMCID: PMC6197388 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A preclinical model of glioblastoma (GB) bystander cell therapy using human adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) is used to address the issues of cell availability, quality, and feasibility of tumor cure. We show that a fast proliferating variety of hAMSCs expressing thymidine kinase (TK) has therapeutic capacity equivalent to that of TK-expressing hAMSCs and can be used in a multiple-inoculation procedure to reduce GB tumors to a chronically inhibited state. We also show that up to 25% of unmodified hAMSCs can be tolerated in the therapeutic procedure without reducing efficacy. Moreover, mimicking a clinical situation, tumor debulking previous to cell therapy inhibits GB tumor growth. To understand these striking results at a cellular level, we used a bioluminescence imaging strategy and showed that tumor-implanted therapeutic cells do not proliferate, are unaffected by GCV, and spontaneously decrease to a stable level. Moreover, using the CLARITY procedure for tridimensional visualization of fluorescent cells in transparent brains, we find therapeutic cells forming vascular-like structures that often associate with tumor cells. In vitro experiments show that therapeutic cells exposed to GCV produce cytotoxic extracellular vesicles and suggest that a similar mechanism may be responsible for the in vivo therapeutic effectiveness of TK-expressing hAMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Nogueira de Moraes
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, 18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Cristina Alcoholado
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carolina Soler-Botija
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Sanchez-Cid
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olaia F. Vila
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Oscar Meca-Cortés
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Rubio
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Becerra
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration (LABRET), Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jeronimo Blanco
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Garrido
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author: Cristina Garrido, Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Fornaguera C, Guerra-Rebollo M, Ángel Lázaro M, Castells-Sala C, Meca-Cortés O, Ramos-Pérez V, Cascante A, Rubio N, Blanco J, Borrós S. APC Targeting: mRNA Delivery System for Targeting Antigen-Presenting Cells In Vivo (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2018). Adv Healthc Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201870071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fornaguera
- Sagetis Biotech SL; 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | | | | | - Oscar Meca-Cortés
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Victor Ramos-Pérez
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Cascante
- Sagetis Biotech SL; 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Núria Rubio
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jerónimo Blanco
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Sagetis Biotech SL; 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
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Fornaguera C, Guerra-Rebollo M, Ángel Lázaro M, Castells-Sala C, Meca-Cortés O, Ramos-Pérez V, Cascante A, Rubio N, Blanco J, Borrós S. mRNA Delivery System for Targeting Antigen-Presenting Cells In Vivo. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800335. [PMID: 29923337 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of mRNA in nanosystems as gene vaccines for immunotherapy purposes has experienced an exponential increase in recent years. Despite the many advantages envisaged within these approaches, their application in clinical treatments is still limited due to safety issues. These issues can be attributed, in part, to liver accumulation of most of the designed nanosystems and to the inability to transfect immune cells after an intravenous administration. In this context, this study takes advantage of the known versatile properties of the oligopeptide end-modified poly (β-amino esters) (OM-PBAEs) to complex mRNA and form discrete nanoparticles. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the selection of the appropriate end-oligopeptide modifications enables the specific targeting and major transfection of antigen-presenting cells (APC) in vivo, after intravenous administration, thus enabling their use for immunotherapy strategies. Therefore, with this study, it can be confirmed that OM-PBAE are appropriate systems for the design of mRNA-based immunotherapy approaches aimed to in vivo transfect APCs and trigger immune responses to fight either tumors or infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fornaguera
- Sagetis Biotech SL; 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | | | | | - Oscar Meca-Cortés
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Victor Ramos-Pérez
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Cascante
- Sagetis Biotech SL; 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Núria Rubio
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jerónimo Blanco
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC); 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Sagetis Biotech SL; 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT); Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS); Universitat Ramon Llull (URL); 08017 Barcelona Spain
- CIBER of Biomaterials; Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); 08034 Barcelona Spain
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Meca-Cortés O, Guerra-Rebollo M, Garrido C, Borrós S, Rubio N, Blanco J. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockin Application in Cell Therapy: A Non-viral Procedure for Bystander Treatment of Glioma in Mice. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2017; 8:395-403. [PMID: 28918039 PMCID: PMC5537198 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of non-viral procedures, together with CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology, allows the insertion of single-copy therapeutic genes at pre-determined genomic sites, overcoming safety limitations resulting from random gene insertions of viral vectors with potential for genome damage. In this study, we demonstrate that combination of non-viral gene delivery and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockin via homology-directed repair can replace the use of viral vectors for the generation of genetically modified therapeutic cells. We custom-modified human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), using electroporation as a transfection method and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockin for the introduction and stable expression of a 3 kb DNA fragment including the eGFP (selectable marker) and a variant of the herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase genes (therapeutic gene), under the control of the human elongation factor 1 alpha promoter in exon 5 of the endogenous thymidine kinase 2 gene. Using a U87 glioma model in SCID mice, we show that the therapeutic capacity of the new CRISPR/Cas9-engineered hAMSCs is equivalent to that of therapeutic hAMSCs generated by introduction of the same therapeutic gene by transduction with a lentiviral vector previously published by our group. This strategy should be of general use to other applications requiring genetic modification of therapeutic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Meca-Cortés
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Cristina Garrido
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain; Grup d' Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Nuria Rubio
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Jeronimo Blanco
- Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain.
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Vila OF, Garrido C, Cano I, Guerra-Rebollo M, Navarro M, Meca-Cortés O, Ma SP, Engel E, Rubio N, Blanco J. Real-Time Bioluminescence Imaging of Cell Distribution, Growth, and Differentiation in a Three-Dimensional Scaffold Under Interstitial Perfusion for Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2016; 22:864-72. [PMID: 27339005 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioreactor systems allow safe and reproducible production of tissue constructs and functional analysis of cell behavior in biomaterials. However, current procedures for the analysis of tissue generated in biomaterials are destructive. We describe a transparent perfusion system that allows real-time bioluminescence imaging of luciferase expressing cells seeded in scaffolds for the study of cell-biomaterial interactions and bioreactor performance. A prototype provided with a poly(lactic) acid scaffold was used for "proof of principle" studies to monitor cell survival in the scaffold (up to 22 days). Moreover, using cells expressing a luciferase reporter under the control of inducible tissue-specific promoters, it was possible to monitor changes in gene expression resulting from hypoxic state and endothelial cell differentiation. This system should be useful in numerous tissue engineering applications, the optimization of bioreactor operation conditions, and the analysis of cell behavior in three-dimensional scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaia F Vila
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Cristina Garrido
- 2 Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain .,3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Cano
- 3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain .,4 Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- 2 Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain .,3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Melba Navarro
- 3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain .,4 Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Meca-Cortés
- 2 Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain .,3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Stephen P Ma
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Elisabeth Engel
- 3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain .,4 Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Rubio
- 2 Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain .,3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Blanco
- 2 Cell Therapy Group, Catalonian Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain .,3 Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
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Mateo F, Meca-Cortés O, Celià-Terrassa T, Fernández Y, Abasolo I, Sánchez-Cid L, Bermudo R, Sagasta A, Rodríguez-Carunchio L, Pons M, Cánovas V, Marín-Aguilera M, Mengual L, Alcaraz A, Schwartz S, Mellado B, Aguilera KY, Brekken R, Fernández PL, Paciucci R, Thomson TM. SPARC mediates metastatic cooperation between CSC and non-CSC prostate cancer cell subpopulations. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:237. [PMID: 25331979 PMCID: PMC4210604 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor cell subpopulations can either compete with each other for nutrients and physical space within the tumor niche, or co-operate for enhanced survival, or replicative or metastatic capacities. Recently, we have described co-operative interactions between two clonal subpopulations derived from the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line, in which the invasiveness of a cancer stem cell (CSC)-enriched subpopulation (PC-3M, or M) is enhanced by a non-CSC subpopulation (PC-3S, or S), resulting in their accelerated metastatic dissemination. Methods M and S secretomes were compared by SILAC (Stable Isotope Labeling by Aminoacids in Cell Culture). Invasive potential in vitro of M cells was analyzed by Transwell-Matrigel assays. M cells were co-injected with S cells in the dorsal prostate of immunodeficient mice and monitored by bioluminescence for tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. SPARC levels were determined by immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR in tumors and by ELISA in plasma from patients with metastatic or non-metastatic prostate cancer. Results Comparative secretome analysis yielded 213 proteins differentially secreted between M and S cells. Of these, the protein most abundantly secreted in S relative to M cells was SPARC. Immunodepletion of SPARC inhibited the enhanced invasiveness of M induced by S conditioned medium. Knock down of SPARC in S cells abrogated the capacity of its conditioned medium to enhance the in vitro invasiveness of M cells and compromised their potential to boost the metastatic behavior of M cells in vivo. In most primary human prostate cancer samples, SPARC was expressed in the epithelial tumoral compartment of metastatic cases. Conclusions The matricellular protein SPARC, secreted by a prostate cancer clonal tumor cell subpopulation displaying non-CSC properties, is a critical mediator of paracrine effects exerted on a distinct tumor cell subpopulation enriched in CSC. This paracrine interaction results in an enhanced metastatic behavior of the CSC-enriched tumor subpopulation. SPARC is expressed in the neoplastic cells of primary prostate cancer samples from metastatic cases, and could thus constitute a tumor progression biomarker and a therapeutic target in advanced prostate cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-237) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Timothy M Thomson
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, National Research Council (CSIC), c, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
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Camacho L, Meca-Cortés O, Abad JL, García S, Rubio N, Díaz A, Celià-Terrassa T, Cingolani F, Bermudo R, Fernández PL, Blanco J, Delgado A, Casas J, Fabriàs G, Thomson TM. Acid ceramidase as a therapeutic target in metastatic prostate cancer. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1207-20. [PMID: 23423838 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m032375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid ceramidase (AC) catalyzes the hydrolysis of ceramide into sphingosine, in turn a substrate of sphingosine kinases that catalyze its conversion into the mitogenic sphingosine-1-phosphate. AC is expressed at high levels in several tumor types and has been proposed as a cancer therapeutic target. Using a model derived from PC-3 prostate cancer cells, the highly tumorigenic, metastatic, and chemoresistant clone PC-3/Mc expressed higher levels of the AC ASAH1 than the nonmetastatic clone PC-3/S. Stable knockdown of ASAH1 in PC-3/Mc cells caused an accumulation of ceramides, inhibition of clonogenic potential, increased requirement for growth factors, and inhibition of tumorigenesis and lung metastases. We developed de novo ASAH1 inhibitors, which also caused a dose-dependent accumulation of ceramides in PC-3/Mc cells and inhibited their growth and clonogenicity. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis of primary prostate cancer samples showed that higher levels of ASAH1 were associated with more advanced stages of this neoplasia. These observations confirm ASAH1 as a therapeutic target in advanced and chemoresistant forms of prostate cancer and suggest that our new potent and specific AC inhibitors could act by counteracting critical growth properties of these highly aggressive tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Camacho
- Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, National Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Celià-Terrassa T, Meca-Cortés O, Mateo F, Martínez de Paz A, Rubio N, Arnal-Estapé A, Ell BJ, Bermudo R, Díaz A, Guerra-Rebollo M, Lozano JJ, Estarás C, Ulloa C, Álvarez-Simón D, Milà J, Vilella R, Paciucci R, Martínez-Balbás M, de Herreros AG, Gomis RR, Kang Y, Blanco J, Fernández PL, Thomson TM. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition can suppress major attributes of human epithelial tumor-initiating cells. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:1849-68. [PMID: 22505459 DOI: 10.1172/jci59218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant progression in cancer requires populations of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) endowed with unlimited self renewal, survival under stress, and establishment of distant metastases. Additionally, the acquisition of invasive properties driven by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for the evolution of neoplastic cells into fully metastatic populations. Here, we characterize 2 human cellular models derived from prostate and bladder cancer cell lines to better understand the relationship between TIC and EMT programs in local invasiveness and distant metastasis. The model tumor subpopulations that expressed a strong epithelial gene program were enriched in highly metastatic TICs, while a second subpopulation with stable mesenchymal traits was impoverished in TICs. Constitutive overexpression of the transcription factor Snai1 in the epithelial/TIC-enriched populations engaged a mesenchymal gene program and suppressed their self renewal and metastatic phenotypes. Conversely, knockdown of EMT factors in the mesenchymal-like prostate cancer cell subpopulation caused a gain in epithelial features and properties of TICs. Both tumor cell subpopulations cooperated so that the nonmetastatic mesenchymal-like prostate cancer subpopulation enhanced the in vitro invasiveness of the metastatic epithelial subpopulation and, in vivo, promoted the escape of the latter from primary implantation sites and accelerated their metastatic colonization. Our models provide new insights into how dynamic interactions among epithelial, self-renewal, and mesenchymal gene programs determine the plasticity of epithelial TICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Celià-Terrassa
- Department of Cell Biology, Barcelona Institute of Molecular Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Soler M, Mancini F, Meca-Cortés O, Sánchez-Cid L, Rubio N, López-Fernández S, Lozano JJ, Blanco J, Fernández PL, Thomson TM. HER3 is required for the maintenance of neuregulin-dependent and -independent attributes of malignant progression in prostate cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:2565-75. [PMID: 19530240 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
HER3 (ERBB3) is a catalytically inactive pseudokinase of the HER receptor tyrosine kinase family, frequently overexpressed in prostate and other cancers. Aberrant expression and mutations of 2 other members of the family, EGFR and HER2, are key carcinogenic events in several types of tumors, and both are well- validated therapeutic targets. In this study, we show that HER3 is required to maintain the motile and invasive phenotypes of prostate (DU-145) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells in response to the HER3 ligand neuregulin-1 (NRG-1), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fetal bovine serum. Although MCF-7 breast cancer cells appeared to require HER3 as part of an autocrine response induced by EGF and FBS, the response of DU-145 prostate cancer cells to these stimuli, while requiring HER3, did not appear to involve autocrine stimulation of the receptor. DU-145 cells required the expression of HER3 for efficient clonogenicity in vitro in standard growth medium and for tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. These observations suggest that prostate cancer cells derived from tumors that overexpress HER3 are dependent on its expression for the maintenance of major attributes of neoplastic aggressiveness, with or without cognate ligand stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Soler
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Barcelona Molecular Biology Institute, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
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