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Engler H, Brendt P, Wischermann J, Wegner A, Röhling R, Schoemberg T, Meyer U, Gold R, Peters J, Benson S, Schedlowski M. Selective increase of cerebrospinal fluid IL-6 during experimental systemic inflammation in humans: association with depressive symptoms. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1448-1454. [PMID: 28138158 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is accompanied by profound behavioral and mood changes that resemble symptoms of depression. Findings in animals suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines released by activated immune cells in the periphery evoke these behavioral symptoms by driving inflammatory changes in the brain. However, experimental data in humans are lacking. Here we demonstrate in healthy male volunteers (10 endotoxin treated, 8 placebo treated) that intravenous administration of low-dose endotoxin (0.8 ng/kg body weight), a prototypical pathogen-associated molecular pattern that activates the innate immune system, not only induces a significant increase in peripheral blood cytokine concentrations (that is, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10) but also results, with some latency, in a robust and selective increase of IL-6 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Moreover, we found a strong association between the endotoxin-induced increase of IL-6 in the CSF and the severity of mood impairment, with larger increases in CSF IL-6 concentration followed by a greater deterioration in mood. Taken together, these findings suggest that the appearance of depressive symptoms in inflammatory conditions might be primarily linked to an increase in central IL-6 concentration, identifying IL-6 as a potential therapeutic target in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Engler
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - P Brendt
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - J Wischermann
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - A Wegner
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - R Röhling
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - T Schoemberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - U Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Gold
- Department of Neurology, St Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Peters
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S Benson
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Dirkmann D, Burggraf M, Brendt P, Hußmann B, Peters J, Lendemans S. Kontroversen im Gerinnungsmanagement. Notf Rett Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-013-1713-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Anaemia is a common problem in septic patients. We tested whether lipopolysaccharide suppressed erythropoiesis and interfered with erythropoietin. Male mice (strain C57BL/6, n = 76) were injected Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (serotype O127:B8; 20 mg.kg(-1) intraperitoneally) or vehicle, followed by either erythropoietin (5000 IU.kg(-1) intraperitoneally) or vehicle, and killed after 24 or 72 h. Femur bone marrow cells were stained for Ter-119, CD71 and C-Kit antigen using specific flow cytometry gates for proerythroblasts, basophilic, polychromatic and orthochromatic erythroblasts, and peripheral blood reticulocytes were counted. Erythropoietin stimulated erythropoiesis, as evidenced by increased reticulocytes after 72 h by 197% and proerythroblasts by 50% (p < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide alone decreased proerythroblasts by 53% and basophilic erythroblasts by 75% (p < 0.05). Orthochromatic erythroblasts doubled after lipopolysaccharide exposure (p < 0.05) without any increase in reticulocytes. Lipopolysaccharide completely suppressed erythropoietin's stimulatory effects and evoked a maturation block at the late stage of erythropoiesis. Lipopolysaccharide could cause anaemia in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C Kreissig
- Specialist in Transfusion Medicine and Medical Director, DRK-Blutspendedienst West, ZBST, Ratingen, Germany
| | - J Peters
- Professor of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, and Chairman, Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universität Duisburg-Essen and Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany
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Brendt P, Herbstreit F, Peters J. Cardiogenic shock following cesarean delivery due to undiagnosed tuberculous constrictive pericarditis. Int J Obstet Anesth 2010; 19:448-51. [PMID: 20708920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe an uncommon cause of cardiogenic shock following cesarean delivery in a 24-year-old multiparous woman at 26 weeks of gestation. Hemodynamic instability was erroneously attributed to amniotic infection syndrome and sepsis, which resulted in delayed diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous constrictive pericarditis. Inotropic support, pericardectomy, and implantation of a left ventricular assist device were required for maternal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Brendt
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Schäfer ST, Lindemann J, Neumann A, Brendt P, Kaiser GM, Peters J. Cardiac air transit following venous air embolism and right ventricular air aspiration. Anaesthesia 2009; 64:754-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.05936.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gastpar H, Nolte D, Aurich R, Brendt P, Enzmann H, Giesemann G, Kunkel G, Petzold U, Renz W, Schata M. Comparative efficacy of azelastine nasal spray and terfenadine in seasonal and perennial rhinitis. Allergy 1994; 49:152-8. [PMID: 7911010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00818.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy and tolerability of intranasal azelastine (0.14 mg/nostril twice daily) and oral terfenadine (60 mg twice daily) were compared under double-blind conditions in two 6-week, multicenter, parallel-group studies, including 167 patients suffering from seasonal and 52 patients suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis. In both studies, patients were symptomatic on entry and showed significant improvement on both treatments within the first 8 d of therapy, showing little further improvement with continued treatment. Symptoms most pronounced on entry--nasal itching, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal obstruction--responded best to treatment (response rates 80-90%). Objective signs such as mucosal swelling and conjunctivitis improved in a manner parallel to symptoms. In perennial rhinitis, azelastine showed a trend to a superior relief of rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction, whereas terfenadine showed a trend toward better control of sneezing and nasal itchiness. No clinically relevant or statistically significant differences between treatments could be identified. The incidence of adverse effects of possible causal relationship to therapy was low. The most frequent effects in azelastine-treated patients were related to application site disorders, e.g., nasal irritation. Results indicate that with the dose used azelastine nasal spray is an effective treatment for both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gastpar
- Universitäts-Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik München, Germany
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