Bronchoscopic management of benign bronchial stenosis by electrocautery and balloon dilatation

Benign bronchial stenosis is managed by surgical or bronchoscopic methods. Although surgical approach is definitive, it is technically demanding and is costlier than bronchoscopic treatment. Here, we report the case of a 27-year-old female patient with symptomatic benign bronchial stenosis of the left main bronchus. The stenosis was dilated successfully through a fibreoptic bronchoscope by electrocautery followed by balloon bronchoplasty and application of mitomycin-C. On follow up, there was no evidence of re-stenosis.

Hypertensive heart disease

Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a common problem in clinical practice. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is pathognomonic of HHD. Echo-Doppler study is the modality of choice to document cardiac involvement in hypertension. 'Radiology of chest and electrocardiography (ECG) are highly insensitive. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) produces similar results like echo but is not cost-effective. LVH is not merely related to haemodynamic load but several other factors are also involved in its genesis. LVH is a powerful and independent prognostic determinant for future cardiovascular and coronary events. LVH can be regressed by drugs but the aim in future should be prevention of LVH rather than its regression.