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Tainta M, Iriondo A, Ecay-Torres M, Estanga A, de Arriba M, Barandiaran M, Clerigue M, Garcia-Sebastian M, Villanua J, Izagirre A, Saldias J, Aramburu A, Taboada J, Múgica J, Barandiaran A, Arrospide A, Mar J, Martinez-Lage P. Brief cognitive tests as a decision-making tool in primary care. A population and validation study. Neurologia 2022:S2173-5808(22)00082-7. [PMID: 35963538 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Brief cognitive tests (BCT) are used in primary care (PC) for the detection of cognitive impairment (CI). Still, there are little data on their diagnostic utility (DU) in a community setting. This work evaluates the DU at the population level of Fototest, T@M, AD8 questionnaire and MMSE. It provides new cut-off points (CoP) validated in a CI early detection program. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the population and validation samples, the evaluation was carried out in two phases, a first of screening and administration of BCT and a second of clinical diagnosis, blinded to the results of the BCT, applying the current NIA-AA criteria. The DU of BCT in the population sample was evaluated with the area under the ROC curve (aROC). Youden index and the CoP with the best specificity that ensured a sensitivity of 80% were used to decide on the most appropriate CoP. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for these CoP were calculated in the validation sample. RESULTS 260 participants (23.1% with CI) from the population sample and 177 (42.4% with CI) from the validation sample were included. The Fototest has the best UD at the population level (aROC 0.851), which improves with the combination of Fototest and AD8 (aROC 0.875). The proposed CoP are AD8 ≥ 1, Fototest ≤ 35, T@M ≤ 40, and MMSE ≤ 26. CONCLUSION BCT are helpful in detecting CI in PC. This work supports the use of more demanding PoC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tainta
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain; Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Goierri-Urola Garaia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain.
| | - A Iriondo
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - M Ecay-Torres
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - A Estanga
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - M de Arriba
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - M Barandiaran
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain; Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Donostialdea, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - M Clerigue
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | | | - J Villanua
- Osatek SA, Hospital Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - A Izagirre
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - J Saldias
- CITA Alzheimer, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - A Aramburu
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Debabarrena, Spain
| | - J Taboada
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Bilbao Basurto, Spain
| | - J Múgica
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Donostialdea, Spain
| | - A Barandiaran
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Goierri-Urola Garaia, Spain
| | - A Arrospide
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Debagoiena, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - J Mar
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada (OSI) Debagoiena, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios Kronikgune, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
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Tainta M, Iriondo A, Ecay-Torres M, Estanga A, de Arriba M, Barandiaran M, Clerigue M, Garcia-Sebastian M, Villanua J, Izagirre A, Saldias J, Aramburu A, Taboada J, Múgica J, Barandiaran A, Arrospide A, Mar J, Martinez-Lage P. Test cognitivos breves como herramienta de decisión en Atención Primaria. Estudio poblacional y de validación. Neurologia 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mar J, Arrospide A, Soto-Gordoa M, Machón M, Iruin Á, Martinez-Lage P, Gabilondo A, Moreno-Izco F, Gabilondo A, Arriola L. Validity of a computerised population registry of dementia based on clinical databases. Neurologia (Engl Ed) 2020; 36:418-425. [PMID: 34238524 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The handling of information through digital media allows innovative approaches for identifying cases of dementia through computerised searches within the clinical databases that include systems for coding diagnoses. The aim of this study was to analyse the validity of a dementia registry in Gipuzkoa based on the administrative and clinical databases existing in the Basque Health Service. METHODS This is a descriptive study based on the evaluation of available data sources. First, through review of medical records, the diagnostic validity was evaluated in two samples of cases identified and not identified as dementia. The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of the diagnosis of dementia were measured. Subsequently, the cases of living dementia in December 31, 2016 were searched in the entire Gipuzkoa population to collect sociodemographic and clinical variables. RESULTS The validation samples included 986 cases and 327 no cases. The calculated sensitivity was 80.2% and the specificity was 99.9%. The negative predictive value was 99.4% and positive value was 95.1%. The cases in Gipuzkoa were 10 551, representing 65% of the cases predicted according to the literature. Antipsychotic medication were taken by a 40% and a 25% of the cases were institutionalised. CONCLUSIONS A registry of dementias based on clinical and administrative databases is valid and feasible. Its main contribution is to show the dimension of dementia in the health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mar
- Unidad de Gestión Sanitaria, Hospital Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain; Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Spain; Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - A Arrospide
- Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Spain; Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M Soto-Gordoa
- Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Spain; Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M Machón
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Spain; Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Á Iruin
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Red de Salud Mental Extrahospitalaria de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - A Gabilondo
- Servicio de Neurología, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Bidasoa, Irún, Spain
| | - F Moreno-Izco
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - A Gabilondo
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Red de Salud Mental Extrahospitalaria de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - L Arriola
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Gobierno Vasco, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; CIBERESP CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Sanz B, Larrinaga G, Fernandez-Atucha A, Gil J, Fraile-Bermudez AB, Kortajarena M, Izagirre A, Martinez-Lage P, Irazusta J. Obesity parameters, physical activity, and physical fitness are correlated with serum dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity in a healthy population. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00627. [PMID: 29872761 PMCID: PMC5986540 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether obesity, physical fitness, and physical activity parameters are associated with the enzymatic activity of serum dipeptidyl peptidase IV (sDPPIV) in a sample of healthy women and men. Design and methods We have correlated parameters of obesity, physical fitness, and physical activity with sDPPIV activity in 374 healthy subjects (age: 60.7 ± 6.9 years, body mass index: 26.1 ± 4.1 kg/m2). Enzymatic activity was analyzed using spectrofluorimetry, body composition was assessed by impedanciometry, physical fitness data were obtained using the Senior Fitness Test, and physical activity data were collected by accelerometer. Pearson's partial correlation analysis was applied to determine the relationship between DPPIV activity and the rest of parameters and significantly correlated variables were introduced into linear regression models to predict DPPIV. Results Serum DPPIV activity was negatively associated with obesity parameters such as body mass (r = -0.112), body mass index (BMI) (r = -0.147), waist circumference (r = -0.164), waist-to-hip ratio (-0.104), and percentage of fat mass (r = -0.185). Serum DPPIV activity was positively associated with cardiovascular fitness (r = 0.138), total amount of physical activity (r = 0.153), and time spent doing light exercise (r = 0.184). Regression models revealed sex differences in enzyme activity with overall activity higher in women than in men (β = 0.437, p < 0.001). Further, percent fat mass was an independent negative predictor of DPPIV activity (β = -0.184, p = 0.001). Serum DPPIV activity was positively predicted based on the amount of time spent doing light physical activity (β = 0.167, p = 0.001). Conclusion Our results demonstrate that sDPPIV activity is positively associated with healthier parameters regarding fatness, fitness and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sanz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain.,BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - G Larrinaga
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.,Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - A Fernandez-Atucha
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J Gil
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain.,BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - A B Fraile-Bermudez
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain
| | - M Kortajarena
- Department of Nursing II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - A Izagirre
- Department of Nursing II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain.,Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - P Martinez-Lage
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - J Irazusta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain.,BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
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Mar J, Arrospide A, Soto-Gordoa M, Machón M, Iruin Á, Martinez-Lage P, Gabilondo A, Moreno-Izco F, Gabilondo A, Arriola L. Validity of a computerized population registry of dementia based on clinical databases. Neurologia 2018. [PMID: 29752034 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The handling of information through digital media allows innovative approaches for identifying cases of dementia through computerized searches within the clinical databases that include systems for coding diagnoses. The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of a dementia registry in Gipuzkoa based on the administrative and clinical databases existing in the Basque Health Service. METHODS This is a descriptive study based on the evaluation of available data sources. First, through review of medical records, the diagnostic validity was evaluated in 2 samples of cases identified and not identified as dementia. The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of the diagnosis of dementia were measured. Subsequently, the cases of living dementia in December 31, 2016 were searched in the entire Gipuzkoa population to collect sociodemographic and clinical variables. RESULTS The validation samples included 986 cases and 327 no cases. The calculated sensitivity was 80.2% and the specificity was 99.9%. The negative predictive value was 99.4% and positive value was 95.1%. The cases in Gipuzkoa were 10,551, representing 65% of the cases predicted according to the literature. Antipsychotic medication were taken by a 40% and a 25% of the cases were institutionalized. CONCLUSIONS A registry of dementias based on clinical and administrative databases is valid and feasible. Its main contribution is to show the dimension of dementia in the health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mar
- Unidad de Gestión Sanitaria, Hospital Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, España; Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España.
| | - A Arrospide
- Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - M Soto-Gordoa
- Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Alto Deba, Arrasate-Mondragón, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - M Machón
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - Á Iruin
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Red de Salud Mental Extrahospitalaria de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | | | - A Gabilondo
- Servicio de Neurología, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Bidasoa, Irún, España
| | - F Moreno-Izco
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - A Gabilondo
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Red de Salud Mental Extrahospitalaria de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - L Arriola
- Instituto Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Gobierno Vasco, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; CIBERESP CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
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García-Ribas G, Arbizu J, Carrió I, Garrastachu P, Martinez-Lage P. PET biomarkers: Use of imaging techniques in Alzheimer disease and neurodegeneration clinical diagnosis. Neurología (English Edition) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Fernández-Atucha A, Izagirre A, Fraile-Bermúdez AB, Kortajarena M, Larrinaga G, Martinez-Lage P, Echevarría E, Gil J. Sex differences in the aging pattern of renin-angiotensin system serum peptidases. Biol Sex Differ 2017; 8:5. [PMID: 28174624 PMCID: PMC5291971 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-017-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serum peptidases, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), neutral endopeptidase (NEP), aminopeptidase N (APN), and aminopeptidase A (APA), are important elements of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS). Dysregulation of these enzymes has been associated with hypertension and cardiovascular risk. In the present study, serum activities of RAS peptidases were analyzed to evaluate the existence of sexual differences, with a possible different pattern in pre- and post-andropausal/post-menopausal participants. Methods One hundred and eighteen healthy men and women between 41 and 70 years of age (58 women and 60 men) were recruited to participate in the study. Serum RAS-regulating enzymes were measured by spectrofluorimetry. Enzymatic activity was recorded as units of enzyme per milliliter of serum (U/mL). Results Significantly lower serum APA activity was observed in men with respect to women; no sex differences were detected for ACE, ACE2, NEP, or APN. Significantly lower APA and ACE serum activity were observed in older men compared to older women. In contrast, younger (<55 years) men had significantly higher values of NEP serum activity than younger women. Significantly lower ACE serum activity was detected in older men compared to younger men. In women, significantly higher ACE2 serum activity was observed in older women compared to younger women. Conclusions These results suggest a differential effect of aging on the activity of RAS enzymes in men and women, especially with respect to the breakpoint of andropausia/menopausia, on the critical serum enzymatic activities of the RAS, which could correlate with sexual differences in cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fernández-Atucha
- Department of Nursing I, School of Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
| | - A Izagirre
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - A B Fraile-Bermúdez
- Department of Nursing I, School of Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
| | - M Kortajarena
- Department of Nursing I, School of Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
| | - G Larrinaga
- Department of Nursing I, School of Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
| | - P Martinez-Lage
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - E Echevarría
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
| | - J Gil
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
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García-Ribas G, Arbizu J, Carrió I, Garrastachu P, Martinez-Lage P. PET biomarkers: Use of imaging techniques in Alzheimer disease and neurodegeneration clinical diagnosis. Neurologia 2016; 32:275-277. [PMID: 27157520 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G García-Ribas
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.
| | - J Arbizu
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - I Carrió
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
| | - P Garrastachu
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital San Pedro y Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, La Rioja, España
| | - P Martinez-Lage
- Neurología Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, Centro de Investigación y Terapias Avanzadas, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España
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Vellas B, Hausner L, Frölich L, Cantet C, Gardette V, Reynish E, Gillette S, Agüera-Morales E, Auriacombe S, Boada M, Bullock R, Byrne J, Camus V, Cherubini A, Eriksdotter-Jönhagen M, Frisoni GB, Hasselbalch S, Jones RW, Martinez-Lage P, Rikkert MO, Tsolaki M, Ousset PJ, Pasquier F, Ribera-Casado JM, Rigaud AS, Robert P, Rodriguez G, Salmon E, Salva A, Scheltens P, Schneider A, Sinclair A, Spiru L, Touchon J, Zekry D, Winblad B, Andrieu S. Progression of Alzheimer disease in Europe: data from the European ICTUS study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2013; 9:902-12. [PMID: 22742853 DOI: 10.2174/156720512803251066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The clinical progression of Alzheimer disease (AD) was studied in European subjects under treatment with AChE inhibitors (AChE-I) in relation to geographical location over a 2-years period. One thousand three hundred and six subjects from 11 European countries were clustered into 3 regions (North, South, West) and investigated with biannual follow-up over 2 years. Primary outcomes were cognitive, functional and behavioral measures. Caregiver burden, hospital admission and admission to nursing home were also recorded. Participant cognitive function declined non-linearly over time (MMSE: -1.5 pts/first year, -2.5 pts/second year; ADAScog: + 3.5 pts/first year, + 4.8 pts/second year), while the progression of behavioral disturbances (NPI scale) was linear. Neither scale showed regional differences, and progression of the disease was similar across Europe despite different health care systems. Functional decline (ADL, IADL) tended to progress more rapidly in Southern Europe (p=0.09), while progression of caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview) was most rapid in Northern Europe (5.6 pts/y, p=0.04). Incidences of hospital admission (10.44, 95%CI: 8.13-12.75, p < 0.001) and admission to nursing home (2.97, 95%CI: 1.83-4.11, p < 0.001) were lowest in Southern Europe. In general cognitive and functional decline was slower than in former cohorts. European geographical location reflecting differences in culture and in health care system does not impact on the progression of AD but does influence the management of AD subjects and caregiver burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vellas
- Gerontopôle, INSERM U 1027, Alzheimer's Disease Research and Clinical Center, Toulouse University Hospital, France
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Abstract
Given the important role that physicians play in clinical care, disease advocacy, national health policy making and clinical research, the IMPACT survey sought to assess the attitudes and perceptions of physicians in 3 general categories: diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD); caregivers and families of patients with AD; and the role of government in dealing with this disease and its consequences. Survey respondents comprised a total of 250 generalists and 250 specialists (neurologists, geriatricians, neuro-psychiatrists, psychiatrists and psychogeriatricians) from France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. Physicians were aged 25 to 69 years, in practice for between 5 and 30 years and currently spending more than 50% of their time in direct patient care. Results showed that a sizable majority of physicians throughout Europe, specialists and generalists alike, agree that: 1) AD is underdiagnosed and undertreated; 2) patients and families are not prepared to recognise the early symptoms of the disease; 3) early treatment can help to slow the progression of the disease; and 4) more effective treatments are needed. Attitudes were statistically significantly different between some groups of physicians regarding disclosure of the diagnosis of AD, the benefits of lifestyle modification, and the value of AD-specific medication in patients whose symptoms are worsening. Differences in attitudes and perceptions of AD between specialists and generalists were limited; differences between countries were more common and of greater magnitude, particularly with respect to barriers to the use of prescription medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martinez-Lage
- Fundació ACE-Institut Català de Neurociéncies Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ramirez-Lorca R, Boada M, Saez ME, Hernandez I, Mauleon A, Rosende-Roca M, Martinez-Lage P, Gutierrez M, Real LM, Lopez-Arrieta J, Gayan J, Antunez C, Gonzalez-Perez A, Tarraga L, Ruiz A. GAB2 gene does not modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish APOE 4 carriers. J Nutr Health Aging 2009; 13:214-9. [PMID: 19262956 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-009-0061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The genetic basis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is being analyzed in multiple whole genome association studies (WGAS). The GAB2 gene has been proposed as a modifying factor of APOE epsilon 4 allele in a recent case-control WGAS conducted in the US. Given the potential application of these novel results in AD diagnostics, we decided to make an independent replication to examine the GAB2 gene effect in our series. DESIGN We are conducting a multicenter population-based study of AD in Spain. PARTICIPANTS We analyzed a total of 1116 Spanish individuals. Specifically, 521 AD patients, 475 controls from the general population and 120 neurologically-normal elderly controls (NNE controls). METHODS We have genotyped GAB2 (rs2373115 G/T) and APOE rs429358 (SNP112)/rs7412 (SNP158) polymorphisms using real time-PCR technologies. RESULTS As previously reported in Spain, APOE epsilon 4 allele was strongly associated with AD in our series (OR=2.88 [95% C.I. 2.16- 3.84], p=7.38E-11). Moreover, a large effect for epsilone 4/epsilone 4 genotype was also observed (OR=14.45 [95% C.I., 3.34-125.2], p=1.8E-6). No difference between the general population and the NNE controls series were observed for APOE genotypes (P > 0.61). Next, we explored GAB2 rs2373115 SNP singlelocus association using different genetic models and comparing AD versus controls or NNE controls. No evidence of association with AD was observed for this GAB2 marker (p > 0.17). To evaluate GAB2-APOE genegene interactions, we stratified our series according to APOE genotype and case-control status, in accordance with the original studies. Again, no evidence of genetic association with AD was observed in any strata of GAB2-APOE loci pair (p > 0.34). CONCLUSION GAB2 rs2373115 marker does not modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish APOE epsilon 4 carriers.
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Manubens JM, Barandiaran M, Martinez-Lage P, Frances I, Martinez C, Garcia ML, Galdos L, Barquero MS, Huerta M, Robles B, Reig L. [Values of GERMCIDE neuropsychological protocol in a sample of normal subjects]. Neurologia 2005; 20:174-9. [PMID: 15891946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The diagnosis of patients with cognitive deterioration or dementia requires a global approach in which the neuropsychological examination is a key piece. As part of the GERMCIDE study (Group for the Study and Multicenter Registry of Incident Cases of Dementia in Spain), a protocol was designed that included an assessment of the different cognitive functions that are most frequently altered in dementias (memory, orientation, speech, praxis, abstraction capacity and executive function). METHODS In order to obtain data in normal subjects, this neuropsychological protocol was applied to a group of persons over 50 years without cognitive deterioration or dementia. RESULTS A total of 103 subjects whose ages ranged from 50 to 95 years (mean: 73.5; SD: 9.3 years); 39 (37.9%) men and 64 (62.1%) women were studied. The mean score on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was 27/30 (SD: 2.0). In the speech and praxis tests, 90% of the subjects obtained the maximum value, while performances were more unequal in memory, reasoning and programming. Mean score, standard deviation and distribution in percentages for each subtest are presented. CONCLUSIONS The values obtained in this sample of normal subjects and their distribution in percentages may be very helpful to facilitate the interpretation of the findings of the neuropsychological examination with the GERMCIDE protocol in the general neurology clinic visits and also in the specialized visits in dementia.
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Kertesz A, Martinez-Lage P, Davidson W, Munoz DG. The corticobasal degeneration syndrome overlaps progressive aphasia and frontotemporal dementia. Neurology 2000; 55:1368-75. [PMID: 11087783 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.55.9.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide evidence for the hypothesis that the corticobasal degeneration syndrome (CBDs) overlaps significantly with primary progressive aphasia and frontotemporal dementia, and that CBDs is part of the Pick complex. BACKGROUND Corticobasal degeneration has been mainly described as a movement disorder, but cognitive impairment is also increasingly noted. METHODS Thirty-five cases of clinically diagnosed CBDs were followed-up with clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging investigations. Twenty-nine patients were seen prospectively in movement disorder and cognitive neurology clinics; five of these came to autopsy. Six other autopsied cases that fulfilled the clinical criteria of CBDs were added with retrospective review of records. RESULTS All 15 patients presenting with movement disorders developed behavioral, cognitive, or language deficits shortly after onset or after several years. Patients presenting with cognitive problems (n = 20), progressive aphasia (n = 13), or frontotemporal dementia (n = 7) developed the movement disorder subsequently. Eleven cases with autopsy had CBD or other forms of the Pick complex. CONCLUSIONS There is a clinical overlap between CBD, frontotemporal dementia, and primary progressive aphasia. There is also a pathologic overlap between these clinical syndromes. The recognition of this overlap will facilitate the diagnosis and avoid consideration of CBD as "heterogenous."
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kertesz
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, St. Joseph's Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Manubens J, Martinez-Lage P, Martinez-Lage J, Larumbe R, Muruzabal J, Martinez M, Guarch C, Urrutia T, Sarrasqueta P, Lacruz F. 1-12-30 Age, sex, and education corrected MMSE scores in non-demented population. J Neurol Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(97)84932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Braak's argyrophilic grains (BAG) are spindle-shaped structures originally described in patients with dementia. We have determined that the prevalence of BAGs in an unselected series of 300 consecutive autopsies of subjects over the age of 30 is 5.6%, or 11.7% if only subjects older than 65 are considered. All the 17 subjects identified were older than 68; 6 received other neuropathological diagnoses of degenerative disease and 11 did not. Only 2 of the latter had shown clinical evidence of mental impairment. Braak's argyrophilic grains were associated with ballooned neurons, superficial linear spongiosis, and gliosis of entorhinal cortex and amygdala. Subcortical neurofibrillary tangles were consistently found in patients with dementia, but not in other subjects. In a separate series studying the prevalence of BAG in neurodegenerative diseases, we found a strong, but not universal association with progressive supranuclear palsy, and to a lesser degree with the lobar atrophies (Pick's disease and corticobasal ganglionic degeneration). Numerous BAG were present in occasional cases of diffuse Lewy body disease, multiple systems atrophy, and motor neuron disease. We conclude that rather than defining a single disease, BAG constitute lesions that accompany several degenerative diseases, but also occur in normal elderly subjects, and rarely in demented subjects without other major histological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martinez-Lage
- Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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