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Vieira V, Campos LH, Jesus LH, Klabunde C, Gamba TD, Flores IL, Oliveira MG, Rados PV. Overexpression of ALDH1 and EMT marker profile are linked with unfavorable outcome in head and neck cancer. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e752-e761. [PMID: 32701933 PMCID: PMC7648914 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this research was to assess the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to correlate them with the clinical and histopathological parameters of a patient cohort with follow-up over an 8-year period.
Material and Methods For this, seventeen HNSCC and non-neoplastic adjacent epithelium (AE) samples were subjected to laser microdissection and real-time PCR to evaluate the mRNA expression of ALDH1, E-cadherin (E-CAD), N-cadherin (N-CAD), and vimentin (VIM). Also, immunohistochemistry was performed for ALDH1, E-CAD, N-CAD, and VIM in the tumor center (TC), invasion front (IF), and AE of the seventeen samples. Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests were used to correlate the mRNA and immunohistochemical expression with different variables, considering p<0.05. Kaplan-Meier curves were produced for local recurrence, regional metastasis and treatment.
Results A mRNA overexpression of ALDH1 in primary tumors was associated with regional metastasis and a high ALDH1 immunostaining was related to metastasis and a worse patient outcome. Additionally, a favorable outcome was associated with the transition phase and an unfavorable outcome was associated with EMT event. An overall 26.9 months was observed with longer survival associated with surgery and radiotherapy.
Conclusions However, due to the intense variability inherent to the indicator proteins in the EMT process, the complete profile markers related to this biological process should be continuous investigated. Key words:Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, epithelial mesenchymal transition, head and neck cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vieira
- Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2492/sala 503, Brazil Zip code: 90035-004
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Dias KB, Flores APC, Hildebrand LC, de Oliveira MG, Lamers ML, Rados PV, Magnusson AS, Filho MS. Non-muscle myosin II as a predictive factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e346-e353. [PMID: 31011146 PMCID: PMC6530949 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study attempted to provide information regarding non-muscle myosin II (MII) isoforms immunoreactivity in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and analysis of the patients’ clinical status after 5 years of monitoring. Material and Methods A semiquantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity of the MII isoforms was performed in 54 surgical specimens and its correlation with clinical and pathological variables and prognosis was verified. Data were analyzed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. To evaluate the survival over the total monitoring time and any connection with the proteins studied, the Kaplan-Meier analysis was used. P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results In the advanced stages of pathological tumor-node-metastasis, the expression of MIIB in adjacent non-neoplastic epithelial tissues tended to increase (p = 0.057). In tumoral zones there was an association of high expression among the three isoforms (MIIA/MIIB p=0,001, MIIB/MIIC p=0,006 and MIIA/MIIC p=0,012). Negative clinical evolution in patients was directly correlated to increased MIIC expression in the tumoral zone of invasion in HNSCC (p = 0.017). Based on clinical evolution after the monitoring period, patients with tumors expressing MIIC had poorer prognoses (p = 0.048). Conclusions The present study suggests that MIIB expression in non-neoplastic adjacent epithelial tissues may indicate a potential for regional metastasis and that MIIC expression in the tumoral zone of invasion is predictive of negative evolution of the disease. Key words:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, oral cancer, myosin type II, non-muscle myosin, immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-B Dias
- Departmentof Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av Ramiro Barcelos 2492/503, 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,
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da Silva AD, Daroit NB, Cardoso FB, Laureano NK, Maraschin BJ, Bündrich L, Danilevicz CK, Magnusson AS, Visioli F, Rados PV. Epithelial oral mucosal cells: Do they behave differently when exposed to oral carcinogens? Cytopathology 2017; 29:49-57. [PMID: 28960602 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of maturation and proliferation of epithelial cells and the correlation with immunocytochemical expression of adhesion (E-cadherin) and cell differentiation (involucrin) markers. METHODS Cytopathological samples were obtained from four groups of patients: control (CG, n=30); alcohol/tobacco (ATG, n=31), leucoplakia (LG, n=31), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCCG, n=22). Cytopathological smears were collected from all groups for AgNOR, Papanicolaou and immunocytochemical staining. RESULTS There was an increase in anucleated cells in ATG compared to CG and in LG compared to lesion-free groups (P<.05). In addition, there was a higher rate of intermediate cells in lesion-free groups than in LG (P=.001). When these findings were correlated with positive E-cadherin expression, there was a smaller number of anucleated and intermediate cells (P<.05). The proliferation rate was higher in the SCCG than in the CG (P<.05) and in the ATG compared to LG (P<.05). Moreover, cell proliferation increased in the presence of positive E-cadherin expression in the ATG and LG. No statistically significant results were obtained for involucrin analysis. CONCLUSION Cytopathology combined with quantitative techniques such as Papanicolaou, AgNOR, and immunocytochemical expression of E-cadherin detects changes associated with oral carcinogenesis. The innovative approach used in this study allows assessing the expression of cell adhesion (E-cadherin) and differentiation (involucrin) markers by means of oral mucosal cytopathology. The E-cadherin imunocytochemical expression indicated changes associated with the oral carcinogenesis process. An increase in cell proliferation rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma group was associated with the lower immunoexpression of E-cadherin. Cytopathology combined with quantitative techniques and immunocytochemical expression of E-cadherin may detect early alterations associated with oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - N B Daroit
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F B Cardoso
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - N K Laureano
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - B J Maraschin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - L Bündrich
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C K Danilevicz
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A S Magnusson
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F Visioli
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - P V Rados
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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de Lima TB, Paz AHR, Rados PV, Leonardi R, Bufo P, Pedicillo MC, Santoro A, Cagiano S, Aquino G, Botti G, Pannone G, Visioli F. Autophagy analysis in oral carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1072-1077. [PMID: 28843750 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of autophagy in oral leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma and to correlate with clinical pathological features, as well as, the evolution of these lesions. METHODOLOGY 7 Normal oral mucosa, 51 oral leukoplakias, and 120 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) were included in the study. Histological sections of the mucosa and leukoplakias were evaluated throughout their length, while the carcinomas were evaluated using Tissue Microarray. After the immunohistochemical technique, LC3-II positive cells were quantified in the different epithelial layers of the mucosa and leukoplakias and in the microarrays of the squamous cell carcinomas. The correlation between positive cells with the different clinical-pathological variables and with the evolution of the lesions was tested using the t test, ANOVA, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS We observed increased levels of autophagy in the oral squamous cell carcinomas (p<0.001) in relation to the other groups, but without any association with poorer evolution or survival of these patients. Among the leukoplakias, we observed a higher percentage of positive cells in the intermediate layer of the dysplastic leukoplakias (p=0.0319) and in the basal layer of lesions with poorer evolution (p=0.0133). CONCLUSION The levels of autophagy increased during the process of oral carcinogenesis and are correlated with poorer behavior of the leukoplakias.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B de Lima
- Department of Oral Pathology - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A H R Paz
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P V Rados
- Department of Oral Pathology - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R Leonardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, II Dental Unit - University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - P Bufo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pathological Anatomy Unit - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - M C Pedicillo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pathological Anatomy Unit - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - A Santoro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pathological Anatomy Unit - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - S Cagiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pathological Anatomy Unit - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - G Aquino
- Pathology Unit, Instituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - G Botti
- Pathology Unit, Instituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - G Pannone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pathological Anatomy Unit - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Pathology Unit, Instituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - F Visioli
- Department of Oral Pathology - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Webber LP, Pellicioli ACA, Magnusson AS, Danilevicz CK, Bueno CC, Sant’Ana Filho M, Rados PV, Carrard VC. Nuclear changes in oral mucosa of alcoholics and crack cocaine users. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:184-93. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327115579430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects of drugs of abuse on oral mucosa are only partly understood. The aims of the present study were to: (1) evaluate the frequency of nuclear changes in normal-appearing oral mucosa of alcoholics and crack cocaine users and (2) assess their association with cell proliferation rate. Oral smears were obtained from the border of the tongue and floor of the mouth of 26 crack cocaine users (24 males and 2 females), 29 alcoholics (17 males and 12 females), and 35 controls (17 males and 18 females). Histological slides were submitted to Feulgen staining to assess the frequency of micronuclei (MN), binucleated cells (BN), broken eggs (BE), and karyorrhexis (KR). A significant increase in the frequency of MN was observed in cells exfoliated from the tongue of crack cocaine users ( p = 0.01), and alcoholics showed a higher frequency of KR in cells obtained from the floor of the mouth ( p = 0.01). Our findings suggest that the use of crack cocaine induces clastogenic effects, whereas alcoholism is associated with higher degrees of keratinization in the floor of the mouth.
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Affiliation(s)
- LP Webber
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - ACA Pellicioli
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - AS Magnusson
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - CK Danilevicz
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - CC Bueno
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M Sant’Ana Filho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - PV Rados
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - VC Carrard
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Lauxen IS, Oliveira MG, Rados PV, Lingen MW, Nör JE, Sant'ana Filho M. Immunoprofiling of oral squamous cell carcinomas reveals high p63 and survivin expression. Oral Dis 2013; 20:e76-80. [PMID: 23738964 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a multifactorial disease composed of cells that show somatic mutations and epigenetic changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of proteins involved in the development and maintenance of epithelia, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissue samples. METHODS A tissue microarray containing 65 primary human OSCC specimens was immunolabeled for bcl-2, survivin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p21, p53, p63, and cleaved caspase-3. RESULTS Samples were scored for percentage of positively stained tumor cells and staining intensity. A total immunostaining score was also calculated, using the product of percentage and intensity scores. All specimens showed high scores, > 75%, for p63 and survivin, and 75.4% of the specimens also presented high EGFR expression. All cases showed p53-positive cells. p21 showed a diffuse staining pattern. The percentage of cells positive for cleaved caspase-3 and bcl-2 was low. CONCLUSIONS The high frequency of tumor cells expressing p63 and survivin highlights the role of these proteins in the malignant transformation of oral epithelium. Collectively, our results suggest that p63 and survivin may constitute attractive targets for cancer therapy in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Lauxen
- Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Carrard VC, Haas AN, Rados PV, Filho MS, Oppermann RV, Albandar JM, Susin C. Prevalence and risk indicators of oral mucosal lesions in an urban population from South Brazil. Oral Dis 2010; 17:171-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Burzlaff JB, Bohrer PL, Paiva RL, Visioli F, Sant'Ana Filho M, da Silva VD, Rados PV. Exposure to alcohol or tobacco affects the pattern of maturation in oral mucosal cells: a cytohistological study. Cytopathology 2007; 18:367-75. [PMID: 17680816 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00473.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the maturation pattern of oral mucosal cells of patients exposed to tobacco and alcohol. METHODS (i) Group without lesions. Smears obtained from the lower lip, border of the tongue and floor of the mouth of 31 control individuals (group I), 49 tobacco users (group II) and 27 tobacco/alcohol users (group III) were stained using the Papanicolaou method. The first 100 cells counted on each smear determined the maturation pattern and the keratinization index (KI). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey multiple comparison test were used for statistical analysis, at a 5% significance level. (ii) Group with lesions. Cytopathological and histopathological studies were conducted for 15 patients: eight with leucoplakia without epithelial dysplasia, two with epithelial dysplasia and five with squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS (i) Group without lesions. Statistical analysis revealed a smaller number of superficial cells with nuclei in all sites of the group of tobacco/alcohol users (group III) when compared to the control group (group I), and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.005). (ii) Group with lesions. The severity of histopathological findings increased with the increase in the number of cells of the deeper epithelial layers, with a statistically significant difference in the number of intermediate (P=0.013) and parabasal cells (P=0.049), which increased with the severity of the epithelial maturation disorder: leucoplakias with dysplasia had a greater number of intermediate and parabasal cells than leucoplakias without dysplasia; and the number in squamous cell carcinomas was greater than in leucoplakias with dysplasia. CONCLUSION The maturation pattern of cells in the three anatomic sites showed changes that may be associated with the synergistic effect of tobacco and alcohol. Also, the severity of histopathological findings was associated with the increase in the number of cells in the deeper epithelial layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Burzlaff
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Badauy CM, Barbachan JJD, Rados PV, Sant'ana Filho M, Chies JAB. Relationship between Candida infection and immune cellular response in inflammatory hyperplasia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 20:89-92. [PMID: 15720568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2004.00194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze and quantify the CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-lymphocyte populations in inflammatory hyperplasia and to establish the relationship between the frequency and location of these cells and Candida infection. METHODS Samples of inflammatory hyperplasia were stained with PAS for evidence of Candida sp. and were classified in two groups, infected and control, according to the presence or absence of infection. After immunoreaction with specific anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies, the distribution and frequency of the positive cells were analyzed in 41 cases (19 controls without Candida sp. and 22 infected cases). Lymphocytes were quantified in the three consecutive fields where the inflammatory infiltration was concentrated. RESULTS There was no relationship between the frequency and location of CD4(+) T cells and Candida sp. infection. The number of CD8(+) cells close to the fungi hyphae as well as the total number of CD8(+) T cells present in inflammatory hyperplasia were higher in the Candida sp. group than in the control noninfected group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Since the CD8(+) T cells were distributed according to the location of Candida sp. hyphae, and since a higher CD8(+)/total lymphocytes ratio was observed in the infected group, we suggest a role for CD8(+) T cells in the defense against Candida in oral infections associated with inflammatory hyperplasia in immunocompetent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Badauy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Barbachan JJ, Rados PV, Sant'ana Filho M, Quadros O. [Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Presentation of a case report]. Rev Circ Argent Odontol 1982; 44:42-5. [PMID: 6964610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Barbachan JJ, Rados PV, Sant'ana Filho M, Quadros O, Souza IF. [Fibroameloblastic odontoma]. Arq Cent Estud Curso Odontol 1982; 19:113-8. [PMID: 6963871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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