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Arely RJ, Cristian AE, Omar AX, Antonio PJJ, Isela SR, Yeimy Mar DLR, Xcaret Alexa HD, Omar AH. Iodine Promotes Glucose Uptake through Akt Phosphorylation and Glut-4 in Adipocytes, but Higher Doses Induce Cytotoxic Effects in Pancreatic Beta Cells. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:26. [PMID: 38248457 PMCID: PMC10813031 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological clinical reports have shown an association between iodine excess with diabetes mellitus type 2 and higher blood glucose. However, the relationship between iodine, the pancreas, adipose tissue, and glucose transport is unclear. The goal of this study was to analyze the effect of iodine concentrations (in Lugol solution) on glucose transport, insulin secretion, and its cytotoxic effects in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes and pancreatic beta-TC-6 cells. METHODS Fibroblast 3T3-L1, mature adipocytes, and pancreatic beta-TC-6 cells were treated with 1 to 1000 µM of Lugol (molecular iodine dissolved in potassium iodide) for 30 min to 24 h for an MTT proliferation assay. Then, glucose uptake was measured with the fluorescent analog 2-NBDG, insulin receptor, Akt protein, p-Akt (ser-473), PPAR-gamma, and Glut4 by immunoblot; furthermore, insulin, alpha-amylase, oxidative stress, and caspase-3 activation were measured by colorimetric methods and the expression of markers of the apoptotic pathway at the RNAm level by real-time PCR. RESULTS Low concentrations of Lugol significantly induce insulin secretion and glucose uptake in pancreatic beta-TC-6 cells, and in adipose cells, iodine-induced glucose uptake depends on the serine-473 phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt) and Glut4. Higher doses of Lugol lead to cell growth inhibition, oxidative stress, and cellular apoptosis dependent on PPAR-gamma, Bax mRNA expression, and caspase-3 activation in pancreatic beta-TC-6 cells. CONCLUSIONS Iodine could influence glucose metabolism in mature adipocytes and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells, but excessive levels may cause cytotoxic damage to pancreatic beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reséndiz-Jiménez Arely
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico (A.-X.O.)
| | - Arbez-Evangelista Cristian
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico (A.-X.O.)
| | - Arroyo-Xochihua Omar
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico (A.-X.O.)
| | - Palma-Jacinto José Antonio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Neurotoxicology, Faculty of Bioanalysis-Xalapa, Universidad Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontólogos S/N, Unidad del Bosque, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico; (P.-J.J.A.); (S.-R.I.)
| | - Santiago-Roque Isela
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Neurotoxicology, Faculty of Bioanalysis-Xalapa, Universidad Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontólogos S/N, Unidad del Bosque, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico; (P.-J.J.A.); (S.-R.I.)
| | - De León-Ramírez Yeimy Mar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Animas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico; (D.L.-R.Y.M.)
| | - Hernández-Domínguez Xcaret Alexa
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Animas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico; (D.L.-R.Y.M.)
| | - Arroyo-Helguera Omar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Animas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico; (D.L.-R.Y.M.)
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Antonio PJJ, Isela SR, Elind AHO. Hypercaloric Cafeteria Diet-Induces Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats. JELS 2023. [DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.01.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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