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Arnquist I, Avalos N, Baxter D, Bertou X, Castelló-Mor N, Chavarria AE, Cuevas-Zepeda J, Dastgheibi-Fard A, De Dominicis C, Deligny O, Duarte-Campderros J, Estrada E, Gadola N, Gaïor R, Hossbach T, Iddir L, Kavanagh BJ, Kilminster B, Lantero-Barreda A, Lawson I, Lee S, Letessier-Selvon A, Loaiza P, Lopez-Virto A, McGuire KJ, Mitra P, Munagavalasa S, Norcini D, Paul S, Piers A, Privitera P, Robmann P, Scorza S, Settimo M, Smida R, Traina M, Vilar R, Warot G, Yajur R, Zopounidis JP. Search for Daily Modulation of MeV Dark Matter Signals with DAMIC-M. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:101006. [PMID: 38518351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Dark matter (DM) particles with sufficiently large cross sections may scatter as they travel through Earth's bulk. The corresponding changes in the DM flux give rise to a characteristic daily modulation signal in detectors sensitive to DM-electron interactions. Here, we report results obtained from the first underground operation of the DAMIC-M prototype detector searching for such a signal from DM with MeV-scale mass. A model-independent analysis finds no modulation in the rate of 1 e^{-} events with sidereal period, where a DM signal would appear. We then use these data to place exclusion limits on DM in the mass range [0.53,2.7] MeV/c^{2} interacting with electrons via a dark photon mediator. Taking advantage of the time-dependent signal we improve by ∼2 orders of magnitude on our previous limit obtained from the total rate of 1 e^{-} events, using the same dataset. This daily modulation search represents the current strongest limit on DM-electron scattering via ultralight mediators for DM masses around 1 MeV/c^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Arnquist
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington, USA
| | - N Avalos
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - D Baxter
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - X Bertou
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - N Castelló-Mor
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - A E Chavarria
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J Cuevas-Zepeda
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - C De Dominicis
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - O Deligny
- CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - J Duarte-Campderros
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - E Estrada
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - N Gadola
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Gaïor
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - T Hossbach
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington, USA
| | - L Iddir
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - B J Kavanagh
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - B Kilminster
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Lantero-Barreda
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | | | - S Lee
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Letessier-Selvon
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - P Loaiza
- CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - A Lopez-Virto
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - K J McGuire
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - P Mitra
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - S Munagavalasa
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - D Norcini
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Paul
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Piers
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - P Privitera
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - P Robmann
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Scorza
- LPSC LSM, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - M Settimo
- SUBATECH, Nantes Université, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes, France
| | - R Smida
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Traina
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - R Vilar
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - G Warot
- LPSC LSM, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - R Yajur
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J-P Zopounidis
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
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Sadhukhan D, Mitra P, Mishra S, Roy A, Podder G, Ray BK, Biswas A, Hui SP, Banerjee TK, Biswas A. Arg4810Lys mutation in RNF213 among Eastern Indian non-MMD ischemic stroke patients: a genotype-phenotype correlation. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:315-319. [PMID: 37698787 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RNF213 mutations have been reported mostly in moyamoya disease (MMD) with varying frequencies across different ethnicities. However, its prevalence in non-MMD adult-onset ischemic stroke is still not well explored. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This present study thus aims to screen the most common RNF213 variant (Arg4810Lys, among East Asians) in the Eastern Indian non-MMD ischemic stroke patients and correlate it with long-term progression and prognosis of the patients. The subjects were analyzed for this variant using PCR-RFLP and confirmed using Sanger sequencing method. RESULT AND CONCLUSION We have identified Arg4810Lys variant among eleven young-onset familial ischemic stroke patients in heterozygous manner. A positive correlation of the variant with positive family history (P = 0.001), earlier age at onset (P = 0.002), and history of recurrent stroke (P = 0.015) was observed. However, the carriers showed better cognitive performances in memory (P = 0.042) and executive function (P = 0.004). Therefore, we can conclude that Arg4810Lys/RNF213 - a pathogenic variant for young-onset familial ischemic stroke with higher incidence of recurrent events unlike in MMD cases, have no additional impact on cognition among Eastern Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Sadhukhan
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre, Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Parama Mitra
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre, Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Smriti Mishra
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre, Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arunima Roy
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre, Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Gargi Podder
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Biman Kanti Ray
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Atanu Biswas
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhra Prakash Hui
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Banerjee
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre, Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arindam Biswas
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre, Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
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Sadhukhan D, Biswas A, Mishra S, Chatterjee K, Maji D, Mitra P, Mukherjee P, Podder G, Ray BK, Biswas A, Banerjee TK, Hui SP, Deb I. Genetic Variations and Altered Blood mRNA Level of Circadian Genes and BDNF as Risk Factors of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment Among Eastern Indians. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:586-595. [PMID: 37814155 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08761-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a clinical outcome in around 30% of post-stroke survivors. BDNF is a major gene in this regard. It is regulated by circadian rhythm. The circadian genes are correlated with stroke timings at molecular level. However, studies suggesting the role of these on susceptibility to PSCI are limited. We aim here to determine: (a) genetic risk variants in circadian clock genes, BDNF and (b) dysregulation in expression level of CLOCK, BMAL1, and BDNF that may be associated with PSCI. BDNF (rs6265G/A, rs56164415C/T), CLOCK (rs1801260T/C, rs4580704G/C), and CRY2 (rs2292912C/G) genes variants were genotyped among 119 post-stroke survivors and 292 controls from Eastern part of India. In addition, we analyzed their gene expression in Peripheral blood Mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 PSCI cases and 12 controls. The mRNA data for BDNF was further validated by its plasma level through ELISA (n = 38). Among the studied variants, only rs4580704/CLOCK showed an overall association with PSCI (P = 0.001) and lower Bengali Mini-Mental State Examination (BMSE) score. Its 'C' allele showed a correlation with attention deficiency. The language and memory impairments showed association with rs6265/BDNF, while the 'CC' genotype of rs2292912/CRY2 negatively influenced language and executive function. A significant decrease in gene expression for CLOCK and BDNF in PBMC (influenced by specific genotypes) of PSCI patients was observed than controls. Unlike Pro-BDNF, plasma-level mBDNF was also lower in them. Our results suggest the genetic variants in CLOCK, CRY2, and BDNF as risk factors for PSCI among eastern Indians. At the same time, a lowering expression of CLOCK and BDNF genes in PSCI patients than controls describes their transcriptional dysregulation as underlying mechanism for post-stroke cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Sadhukhan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India.
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
| | - Arindam Biswas
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Smriti Mishra
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Koustav Chatterjee
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Daytee Maji
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Parama Mitra
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Priyanka Mukherjee
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Gargi Podder
- Institute of Post Graduate of Medical Education & Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Biman Kanti Ray
- Institute of Post Graduate of Medical Education & Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Atanu Biswas
- Institute of Post Graduate of Medical Education & Research and Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Banerjee
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhra Prakash Hui
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Ishani Deb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India.
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Arnquist I, Avalos N, Baxter D, Bertou X, Castelló-Mor N, Chavarria AE, Cuevas-Zepeda J, Gutiérrez JC, Duarte-Campderros J, Dastgheibi-Fard A, Deligny O, De Dominicis C, Estrada E, Gadola N, Gaïor R, Hossbach T, Iddir L, Khalil L, Kilminster B, Lantero-Barreda A, Lawson I, Lee S, Letessier-Selvon A, Loaiza P, Lopez-Virto A, Matalon A, Munagavalasa S, McGuire KJ, Mitra P, Norcini D, Papadopoulos G, Paul S, Piers A, Privitera P, Ramanathan K, Robmann P, Settimo M, Smida R, Thomas R, Traina M, Vila I, Vilar R, Warot G, Yajur R, Zopounidis JP. First Constraints from DAMIC-M on Sub-GeV Dark-Matter Particles Interacting with Electrons. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:171003. [PMID: 37172255 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.171003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report constraints on sub-GeV dark matter particles interacting with electrons from the first underground operation of DAMIC-M detectors. The search is performed with an integrated exposure of 85.23 g days, and exploits the subelectron charge resolution and low level of dark current of DAMIC-M charge-coupled devices (CCDs). Dark-matter-induced ionization signals above the detector dark current are searched for in CCD pixels with charge up to 7e^{-}. With this dataset we place limits on dark matter particles of mass between 0.53 and 1000 MeV/c^{2}, excluding unexplored regions of parameter space in the mass ranges [1.6,1000] MeV/c^{2} and [1.5,15.1] MeV/c^{2} for ultralight and heavy mediator interactions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Arnquist
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington, USA
| | - N Avalos
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina
| | - D Baxter
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - X Bertou
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina
| | - N Castelló-Mor
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - A E Chavarria
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Cuevas-Zepeda
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | | - J Duarte-Campderros
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - A Dastgheibi-Fard
- LPSC LSM, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble 38026, France
| | - O Deligny
- CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - C De Dominicis
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
- SUBATECH, Nantes Université, IMT Atlantique, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes 44300, France
| | - E Estrada
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina
| | - N Gadola
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - R Gaïor
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - T Hossbach
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington, USA
| | - L Iddir
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - L Khalil
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - B Kilminster
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - A Lantero-Barreda
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - I Lawson
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P341N2, Canada
| | - S Lee
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - A Letessier-Selvon
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - P Loaiza
- CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - A Lopez-Virto
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - A Matalon
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - S Munagavalasa
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - K J McGuire
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Mitra
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - D Norcini
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Papadopoulos
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - S Paul
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Piers
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Privitera
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - K Ramanathan
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - P Robmann
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - M Settimo
- SUBATECH, Nantes Université, IMT Atlantique, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes 44300, France
| | - R Smida
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Thomas
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Traina
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
| | - I Vila
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - R Vilar
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - G Warot
- LPSC LSM, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble 38026, France
| | - R Yajur
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J-P Zopounidis
- Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et des hautes énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris 75005, France
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Vassantachart A, Cao Y, Ragab O, Bian S, Mitra P, Xu Z, Gallogly A, Cui J, Shen Z, Balik S, Gribble M, Chang E, Fan Z, Yang W. Comparison of an Auto-Segmentation Model Using a Dual-Path Convolutional Neural Network to Intra- and Inter-Operator High-Risk Clinical Target Volumes for Tandem-and-Ovoid Brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Ali B, Arnquist I, Baxter D, Behnke E, Bressler M, Broerman B, Chen C, Clark K, Collar J, Cooper P, Cripe C, Crisler M, Dahl C, Das M, Durnford D, Fallows S, Farine J, Filgas R, García-Viltres A, Giroux G, Harris O, Hillier T, Hoppe E, Jackson C, Jin M, Krauss C, Kumar V, Laurin M, Lawson I, Leblanc A, Leng H, Levine I, Licciardi C, Linden S, Mitra P, Monette V, Moore C, Neilson R, Noble A, Nozard H, Pal S, Piro MC, Plante A, Priya S, Rethmeier C, Robinson A, Savoie J, Sonnenschein A, Starinski N, Štekl I, Tiwari D, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Wichoski U, Zacek V, Zhang J. Results on photon-mediated dark-matter–nucleus interactions from the PICO-60
C3F8
bubble chamber. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.042004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lingeswaran M, Mitra P, Sharma S, Abhilasha ., Gangam S, Sharma P. W177 Altered neurotransmitter levels in lead exposed children. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gupta S, Gauba K, Mitra P, Banerjee M, Yadav D, Sharma P. W141 Evaluation of interleukin-22 and its’ expression in tuberculosis: A pilot study. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gangam S, Sharma S, Mitra P, Goyal T, Singh P, Sharma P. W174 Levels of serum selenium and IL-6 in occupationally lead exposed workers in Rajasthan. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Suri S, Mitra P, Abhilasha A, Saxena I, Garg M, Bohra G, Sharma P. T138 IL-2 and IL-18 levels in newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Singh P, Mitra P, Goyal T, Sharma S, Sharma P. W252 Levels of lead, cadmium, 8-OHdG and OGG1 expression in occupationally heavy metal exposed population. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Mitra P, Goyal T, Sharma S, Sharma P. W253 Circulating levels of selected miRNAs in occupationally cadmium exposed workers of Rajasthan. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Goyal T, Mitra P, Sharma S, Singh P, Gangam S, Sharma P. W251 A study on selected serum inflammatory cytokines in occupationally lead and cadmium exposed workers of Jodhpur. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Ghosh R, Kumar P, Mitra P, Purohit P, Nebhinani N, Sharma P. W144 T helper 17 and interferon gamma positive T helper 17 cells in major depressive disorder. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Machado JGO, Hare BM, Scholten O, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hörandel JR, Huege T, Krampah GK, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Pandya H, Rachen JP, Thoudam S, Trinh TNG, ter Veen S, Winchen T. The Relationship of Lightning Radio Pulse Amplitudes and Source Altitudes as Observed by LOFAR. Earth Space Sci 2022; 9:e2021EA001958. [PMID: 35865721 PMCID: PMC9286657 DOI: 10.1029/2021ea001958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
When a lightning flash is propagating in the atmosphere it is known that especially the negative leaders emit a large number of very high frequency (VHF) radio pulses. It is thought that this is due to streamer activity at the tip of the growing negative leader. In this work, we have investigated the dependence of the strength of this VHF emission on the altitude of such emission for two lightning flashes as observed by the Low Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope. We find for these two flashes that the extracted amplitude distributions are consistent with a power-law, and that the amplitude of the radio emissions decreases very strongly with source altitude, by more than a factor of 2 from 1 km altitude up to 5 km altitude. In addition, we do not find any dependence on the extracted power-law with altitude, and that the extracted power-law slope has an average around 3, for both flashes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. M. Hare
- Kapteyn Astronomical InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - O. Scholten
- Kapteyn Astronomical InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Interuniversity Institute for High‐EnergyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Buitink
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Corstanje
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - H. Falcke
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- NIKHEFScience Park AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooThe Netherlands
| | - J. R. Hörandel
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- NIKHEFScience Park AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - T. Huege
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
| | - G. K. Krampah
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - P. Mitra
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - K. Mulrey
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Nelles
- DESYZeuthenGermany
- ECAPFriedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐NrnbergErlangenGermany
| | - H. Pandya
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. P. Rachen
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Thoudam
- Department of PhysicsKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - T. N. G. Trinh
- Department of PhysicsSchool of EducationCan Tho University Campus IICan Tho CityVietnam
| | - S. ter Veen
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooThe Netherlands
| | - T. Winchen
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für RadioastronomieBonnGermany
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16
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Hare BM, Edens H, Krehbiel P, Rison W, Scholten O, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hörandel JR, Huege T, Krampah GK, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Pandya H, Rachen JP, Thoudam S, Trinh TN, ter Veen S, Winchen T. Timing Calibration and Windowing Technique Comparison for Lightning Mapping Arrays. Earth Space Sci 2021; 8:e2020EA001523. [PMID: 34435079 PMCID: PMC8365654 DOI: 10.1029/2020ea001523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since their introduction 22 years ago, lightning mapping arrays (LMA) have played a central role in the investigation of lightning physics. Even in recent years with the proliferation of digital interferometers and the introduction of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope, LMAs still play an important role in lightning science. LMA networks use a simple windowing technique that records the highest pulse in either 80 μs or 10 μs fixed windows in order to apply a time-of-arrival location technique. In this work, we develop an LMA-emulator that uses lightning data recorded by LOFAR to simulate an LMA, and we use it to test three new styles of pulse windowing. We show that they produce very similar results as the more traditional LMA windowing, implying that LMA lightning mapping results are relatively independent of windowing technique. In addition, each LMA station has its GPS-conditioned clock. While the timing accuracy of GPS receivers has improved significantly over the years, they still significantly limit the timing measurements of the LMA. Recently, new time-of-arrival techniques have been introduced that can be used to self-calibrate systematic offsets between different receiving stations. Applying this calibration technique to a set of data with 32 ns uncertainty, observed by the Colorado LMA, improves the timing uncertainty to 19 ns. This technique is not limited to LMAs and could be used to help calibrate future multi-station lightning interferometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Hare
- Kapteyn Astronomical InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - O. Scholten
- Kapteyn Astronomical InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Interuniversity Institute for High‐EnergyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Buitink
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Corstanje
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - H. Falcke
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- NIKHEFAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooThe Netherlands
| | - J. R. Hörandel
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- NIKHEFAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tim Huege
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
| | - G. K. Krampah
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - P. Mitra
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - K. Mulrey
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Anna Nelles
- DESYZeuthenGermany
- ECAPFriedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Hershal Pandya
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. P. Rachen
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Thoudam
- Department of PhysicsKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUAE
| | - T. N. Trinh
- Department of PhysicsSchool of EducationCan Tho University Campus IICan ThoVietnam
| | - S. ter Veen
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooThe Netherlands
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17
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Dhar GA, Saha S, Mitra P, Nag Chaudhuri R. DNA methylation and regulation of gene expression: Guardian of our health. Nucleus (Calcutta) 2021; 64:259-270. [PMID: 34421129 PMCID: PMC8366481 DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most critical epigenetic signatures present in the genome of higher eukaryotes is the methylation of DNA at the C-5 position of the cytosine ring. Based on the sites of DNA methylation in a locus, it can serve as a repressive or activation mark for gene expression. In a crosstalk with histone modifiers, DNA methylation can consequently either inhibit binding of the transcription machinery or generate a landscape conducive for transcription. During developmental phases, the DNA methylation pattern in the genome undergoes alterations as a result of regulated balance between de novo DNA methylation and demethylation. Resultantly, differentiated cells inherit a unique DNA methylation pattern that fine tunes tissue-specific gene expression. Although apparently a stable epigenetic mark, DNA methylation is actually labile and is a complex reflection of interaction between epigenome, genome and environmental factors prior to birth and during progression of life. Recent findings indicate that levels of DNA methylation in an individual is a dynamic outcome, strongly influenced by the dietary environment during germ cell formation, embryogenesis and post birth exposures. Loss of balances in DNA methylation during developmental stages may result in imprinting disorders, while at any later stage may lead to increased predisposition to various diseases and abnormalities. This review aims to provide an outline of how our epigenome is uniquely guided by our lifetime of experiences beginning in the womb and how understanding it better holds future possibilities of improvised clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurab Aditya Dhar
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Shagnik Saha
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Parama Mitra
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Ronita Nag Chaudhuri
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
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18
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Aguilar-Arevalo A, Amidei D, Baxter D, Cancelo G, Vergara BAC, Chavarria AE, D'Olivo JC, Estrada J, Favela-Perez F, Gaïor R, Guardincerri Y, Hoppe EW, Hossbach TW, Kilminster B, Lawson I, Lee SJ, Letessier-Selvon A, Matalon A, Mitra P, Overman CT, Piers A, Privitera P, Ramanathan K, Da Rocha J, Sarkis Y, Settimo M, Smida R, Thomas R, Tiffenberg J, Traina M, Vilar R, Virto AL. Results on Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles from an 11 kg d Target Exposure of DAMIC at SNOLAB. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:241803. [PMID: 33412014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.241803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present constraints on the existence of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) from an 11 kg d target exposure of the DAMIC experiment at the SNOLAB underground laboratory. The observed energy spectrum and spatial distribution of ionization events with electron-equivalent energies >200 eV_{ee} in the DAMIC CCDs are consistent with backgrounds from natural radioactivity. An excess of ionization events is observed above the analysis threshold of 50 eV_{ee}. While the origin of this low-energy excess requires further investigation, our data exclude spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross sections σ_{χ-n} as low as 3×10^{-41} cm^{2} for WIMPs with masses m_{χ} from 7 to 10 GeV c^{-2}. These results are the strongest constraints from a silicon target on the existence of WIMPs with m_{χ}<9 GeV c^{-2} and are directly relevant to any dark matter interpretation of the excess of nuclear-recoil events observed by the CDMS silicon experiment in 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Amidei
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - D Baxter
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Cancelo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | - A E Chavarria
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J C D'Olivo
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - J Estrada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - F Favela-Perez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - R Gaïor
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Y Guardincerri
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E W Hoppe
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - T W Hossbach
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B Kilminster
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - I Lawson
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - S J Lee
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - A Letessier-Selvon
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A Matalon
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - P Mitra
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - C T Overman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - A Piers
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Privitera
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - K Ramanathan
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Da Rocha
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Y Sarkis
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - M Settimo
- SUBATECH, CNRS-IN2P3, IMT Atlantique, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44300, France
| | - R Smida
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Thomas
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Tiffenberg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Traina
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - R Vilar
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - A L Virto
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
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19
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Trinh TNG, Scholten O, Buitink S, Ebert U, Hare BM, Krehbiel PR, Leijnse H, Bonardi A, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Huege T, Hörandel JR, Krampah GK, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Pandya H, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Rutjes C, ter Veen S, Winchen T. Determining Electric Fields in Thunderclouds With the Radiotelescope LOFAR. J Geophys Res Atmos 2020; 125:e2019JD031433. [PMID: 32714723 PMCID: PMC7375151 DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An analysis is presented of electric fields in thunderclouds using a recently proposed method based on measuring radio emission from extensive air shower events during thunderstorm conditions. This method can be regarded as a tomography of thunderclouds using cosmic rays as probes. The data cover the period from December 2011 till August 2014. We have developed an improved fitting procedure to be able to analyze the data. Our measurements show evidence for the main negative-charge layer near the -10° isotherm. This we have seen for a winter as well as for a summer cloud where multiple events pass through the same cloud and also the vertical component of the electric field could be reconstructed. On the day of measurement of some cosmic-ray events showing evidence for strong fields, no lightning activity was detected within 100 km distance. For the winter events, the top heights were between 5 and 6 km, while in the summer, typical top heights of 9 km were seen. Large horizontal components in excess of 70 kV/m of the electric fields are observed in the middle and top layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. N. G. Trinh
- Department of Physics, School of EducationCan Tho University Campus IICan ThoVietnam
- KVI‐Center for Advanced Radiation TechnologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - O. Scholten
- KVI‐Center for Advanced Radiation TechnologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Inter University Institute for High EnergiesVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Buitink
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - U. Ebert
- Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Applied PhysicsEindhoven University of Technology (TU/e)EindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - B. M. Hare
- KVI‐Center for Advanced Radiation TechnologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - P. R. Krehbiel
- Langmuir Laboratory for Atmospheric ResearchGeophysical Research CenterNew Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologySocorroNMUSA
| | - H. Leijnse
- Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI)De BiltThe Netherlands
| | - A. Bonardi
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - A. Corstanje
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - H. Falcke
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- NikhefAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooThe Netherlands
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für RadioastronomieBonnGermany
| | - T. Huege
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Institut für KernphysikKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
| | - J. R. Hörandel
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- NikhefAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - G. K. Krampah
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - P. Mitra
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - K. Mulrey
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Nelles
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle PhysicsFriedrich‐Alexander‐Univeristät Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
- DESYZeuthenGermany
| | - H. Pandya
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. P. Rachen
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - L. Rossetto
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - C. Rutjes
- Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - S. ter Veen
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooThe Netherlands
| | - T. Winchen
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
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20
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Hare BM, Scholten O, Dwyer J, Ebert U, Nijdam S, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Huege T, Hörandel JR, Krampah GK, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Neijzen B, Nelles A, Pandya H, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Trinh TNG, Ter Veen S, Winchen T. Radio Emission Reveals Inner Meter-Scale Structure of Negative Lightning Leader Steps. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:105101. [PMID: 32216418 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.105101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We use the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) to probe the dynamics of the stepping process of negatively charged plasma channels (negative leaders) in a lightning discharge. We observe that at each step of a leader, multiple pulses of vhf (30-80 MHz) radiation are emitted in short-duration bursts (<10 μs). This is evidence for streamer formation during corona flashes that occur with each leader step, which has not been observed before in natural lightning and it could help explain x-ray emission from lightning leaders, as x rays from laboratory leaders tend to be associated with corona flashes. Surprisingly, we find that the stepping length is very similar to what was observed near the ground, however with a stepping time that is considerably larger, which as yet is not understood. These results will help to improve lightning propagation models, and eventually lightning protection models.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Hare
- University of Groningen, KVI Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, 9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Groningen 9700 AV, Netherlands
| | - O Scholten
- University of Groningen, KVI Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, 9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Groningen 9700 AV, Netherlands
- Interuniversity Institute for High-Energy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Dwyer
- Department of Physics and Space Science Center (EOS), University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - U Ebert
- CWI, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
- TU/e, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - S Nijdam
- TU/e, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - A Bonardi
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - S Buitink
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Corstanje
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Falcke
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Nikhef, Science Park Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), 7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - T Huege
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J R Hörandel
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Nikhef, Science Park Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - G K Krampah
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Mitra
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Mulrey
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Neijzen
- University of Groningen, KVI Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, 9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands
| | - A Nelles
- Erlangen Center for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Univeristät Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738, Zeuthen, Germany
| | - H Pandya
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J P Rachen
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Rossetto
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - T N G Trinh
- Department of Physics, School of Education, Can Tho University Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - S Ter Veen
- Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), 7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands
| | - T Winchen
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Aguilar-Arevalo A, Amidei D, Baxter D, Cancelo G, Cervantes Vergara BA, Chavarria AE, Darragh-Ford E, de Mello Neto JRT, D'Olivo JC, Estrada J, Gaïor R, Guardincerri Y, Hossbach TW, Kilminster B, Lawson I, Lee SJ, Letessier-Selvon A, Matalon A, Mello VBB, Mitra P, Molina J, Paul S, Piers A, Privitera P, Ramanathan K, Da Rocha J, Sarkis Y, Settimo M, Smida R, Thomas R, Tiffenberg J, Torres Machado D, Vilar R, Virto AL. Constraints on Light Dark Matter Particles Interacting with Electrons from DAMIC at SNOLAB. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:181802. [PMID: 31763884 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.181802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report direct-detection constraints on light dark matter particles interacting with electrons. The results are based on a method that exploits the extremely low levels of leakage current of the DAMIC detector at SNOLAB of 2-6×10^{-22} A cm^{-2}. We evaluate the charge distribution of pixels that collect <10e^{-} for contributions beyond the leakage current that may be attributed to dark matter interactions. Constraints are placed on so-far unexplored parameter space for dark matter masses between 0.6 and 100 MeV c^{-2}. We also present new constraints on hidden-photon dark matter with masses in the range 1.2-30 eV c^{-2}.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Amidei
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - D Baxter
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Cancelo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | - A E Chavarria
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - E Darragh-Ford
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J R T de Mello Neto
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Física, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-611, Brazil
| | - J C D'Olivo
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - J Estrada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Gaïor
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3 75005, Paris France
| | - Y Guardincerri
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T W Hossbach
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B Kilminster
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - I Lawson
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - S J Lee
- Universität Zürich Physik Institut, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - A Letessier-Selvon
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3 75005, Paris France
| | - A Matalon
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3 75005, Paris France
| | - V B B Mello
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Física, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-611, Brazil
| | - P Mitra
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Molina
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asuncion 2169, Paraguay
| | - S Paul
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Piers
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Privitera
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3 75005, Paris France
| | - K Ramanathan
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Da Rocha
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS-IN2P3 75005, Paris France
| | - Y Sarkis
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - M Settimo
- SUBATECH, CNRS-IN2P3, IMT Atlantique, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44300, France
| | - R Smida
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Thomas
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Tiffenberg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Torres Machado
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Física, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-611, Brazil
| | - R Vilar
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - A L Virto
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain
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22
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Amole C, Ardid M, Arnquist I, Asner D, Baxter D, Behnke E, Bressler M, Broerman B, Cao G, Chen C, Chowdhury U, Clark K, Collar J, Cooper P, Coutu C, Cowles C, Crisler M, Crowder G, Cruz-Venegas N, Dahl C, Das M, Fallows S, Farine J, Felis I, Filgas R, Girard F, Giroux G, Hall J, Hardy C, Harris O, Hillier T, Hoppe E, Jackson C, Jin M, Klopfenstein L, Kozynets T, Krauss C, Laurin M, Lawson I, Leblanc A, Levine I, Licciardi C, Lippincott W, Loer B, Mamedov F, Mitra P, Moore C, Nania T, Neilson R, Noble A, Oedekerk P, Ortega A, Piro MC, Plante A, Podviyanuk R, Priya S, Robinson A, Sahoo S, Scallon O, Seth S, Sonnenschein A, Starinski N, Štekl I, Sullivan T, Tardif F, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Walkowski N, Weima E, Wichoski U, Wierman K, Yan Y, Zacek V, Zhang J. Dark matter search results from the complete exposure of the PICO-60
C3F8
bubble chamber. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Sharma S, Mitra P, Sharma P, Sharma R. Role of Metallothionein-2A polymorphism (MT2A, RS10636) in workers occupationally exposed to lead: An Indian perspective. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Hare BM, Scholten O, Dwyer J, Trinh TNG, Buitink S, Ter Veen S, Bonardi A, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hörandel JR, Huege T, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Winchen T, Anderson J, Avruch IM, Bentum MJ, Blaauw R, Broderick JW, Brouw WN, Brüggen M, Butcher HR, Ciardi B, Fallows RA, de Geus E, Duscha S, Eislöffel J, Garrett MA, Grießmeier JM, Gunst AW, van Haarlem MP, Hessels JWT, Hoeft M, van der Horst AJ, Iacobelli M, Koopmans LVE, Krankowski A, Maat P, Norden MJ, Paas H, Pandey-Pommier M, Pandey VN, Pekal R, Pizzo R, Reich W, Rothkaehl H, Röttgering HJA, Rowlinson A, Schwarz DJ, Shulevski A, Sluman J, Smirnov O, Soida M, Tagger M, Toribio MC, van Ardenne A, Wijers RAMJ, van Weeren RJ, Wucknitz O, Zarka P, Zucca P. Needle-like structures discovered on positively charged lightning branches. Nature 2019; 568:360-363. [PMID: 30996312 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lightning is a dangerous yet poorly understood natural phenomenon. Lightning forms a network of plasma channels propagating away from the initiation point with both positively and negatively charged ends-called positive and negative leaders1. Negative leaders propagate in discrete steps, emitting copious radio pulses in the 30-300-megahertz frequency band2-8 that can be remotely sensed and imaged with high spatial and temporal resolution9-11. Positive leaders propagate more continuously and thus emit very little high-frequency radiation12. Radio emission from positive leaders has nevertheless been mapped13-15, and exhibits a pattern that is different from that of negative leaders11-13,16,17. Furthermore, it has been inferred that positive leaders can become transiently disconnected from negative leaders9,12,16,18-20, which may lead to current pulses that both reconnect positive leaders to negative leaders11,16,17,20-22 and cause multiple cloud-to-ground lightning events1. The disconnection process is thought to be due to negative differential resistance18, but this does not explain why the disconnections form primarily on positive leaders22, or why the current in cloud-to-ground lightning never goes to zero23. Indeed, it is still not understood how positive leaders emit radio-frequency radiation or why they behave differently from negative leaders. Here we report three-dimensional radio interferometric observations of lightning over the Netherlands with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. We find small plasma structures-which we call 'needles'-that are the dominant source of radio emission from the positive leaders. These structures appear to drain charge from the leader, and are probably the reason why positive leaders disconnect from negative ones, and why cloud-to-ground lightning connects to the ground multiple times.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Hare
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - O Scholten
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Inter University Institute for High Energies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - J Dwyer
- Department of Physics and Space Science Center (EOS), University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - T N G Trinh
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Buitink
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S Ter Veen
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - A Bonardi
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Corstanje
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Falcke
- Inter University Institute for High Energies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.,ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,NIKHEF, Science Park Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J R Hörandel
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,NIKHEF, Science Park Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Huege
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Nuclear Physics, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Mitra
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Mulrey
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Nelles
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DESY, Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J P Rachen
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L Rossetto
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P Schellart
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - T Winchen
- Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Anderson
- Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department 1, Geodesy GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - I M Avruch
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Science and Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - M J Bentum
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R Blaauw
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - J W Broderick
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - W N Brouw
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Brüggen
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H R Butcher
- Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - B Ciardi
- Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching, Germany
| | - R A Fallows
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - E de Geus
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,SmarterVision BV, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - S Duscha
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - J Eislöffel
- Thüringer Landessternwarte, Tautenburg, Germany
| | - M A Garrett
- Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J M Grießmeier
- LPC2E-Université d'Orleans/CNRS, Orléans, France.,Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, Université d'Orleans, OSUC, Nancay, France
| | - A W Gunst
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - M P van Haarlem
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - J W T Hessels
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Hoeft
- Thüringer Landessternwarte, Tautenburg, Germany
| | - A J van der Horst
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Iacobelli
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - L V E Koopmans
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Krankowski
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - P Maat
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - M J Norden
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - H Paas
- Center for Information Technology (CIT), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Pandey-Pommier
- Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, Université d'Orleans, OSUC, Nancay, France.,CRAL, Observatoire de Lyon, Université Lyon, UMR5574, Saint Genis Laval, France
| | - V N Pandey
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Pekal
- Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PCSS), Poznan, Poland
| | - R Pizzo
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - W Reich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - A Rowlinson
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D J Schwarz
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - A Shulevski
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Sluman
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - O Smirnov
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.,SKA South Africa, Pinelands, South Africa
| | - M Soida
- Jagiellonian University, Astronomical Observatory, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Tagger
- LPC2E-Université d'Orleans/CNRS, Orléans, France
| | - M C Toribio
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A van Ardenne
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - R A M J Wijers
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R J van Weeren
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - O Wucknitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - P Zarka
- LESIA & USN, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, PSL/SU/UPMC/UPD/SPC, Meudon, France
| | - P Zucca
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
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25
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Plaisier I, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hare B, Hörandel J, de Jong S, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen J, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, ter Veen S, Thoudam S, Trinh T, Winchen T. A new parametrization for the radio emission of air showers applied to LOFAR data. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921603011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy and mass composition of cosmic rays influence how the energy density of the radio emission of air showers is distributed on the ground. A precise description of the radio profiles can, therefore, be used to reconstruct the properties of the primary cosmic rays. Here, such a description is presented, using a separate treatment of the two radio-emission mechanisms, the geomagnetic effect and the charge excess effect. The model is parametrized as a function that depends only on the shower parameters, allowing for a precise reconstruction of the properties of the primary cosmic rays. This model is applied to cosmic-ray events measured with LOFAR and it is capable of reconstructing the properties of air showers correctly.
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26
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Winchen T, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hare BM, Hörandel A, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen J, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, ter Veen S, Thoudam S, Trinh T. Properties of the Lunar Detection Mode for ZeV-Scale Particles with LOFAR. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921604010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The steep decrease of the flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) provides a challenge to answer the long standing question about their origin and nature. A significant increase in detector volume may be achieved byemploying Earth’s moon as a detector that is read out using existing Earth-bound radio telescopes by searching for the radio pulses emitted by the particle shower in the lunar rock. In this contribution we will report on the properties of a corresponding detection mode currently under development for the LOFAR Radio telescope.
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27
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Mulrey K, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hare B, Hörandel J, Mitra P, Nelles A, Rachen J, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, ter Veen S, Thoudam S, Trinh T, Winchen T. Updated Calibration of the LOFAR Low-Band Antennas. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921604006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) telescope measures radio emission from air showers. In order to interpret the data, an absolute, frequency dependent calibration is required. Due to a growing need for a better understanding of the measured frequency spectrum, we revisit the calibration of the LOFAR antennas in the range of 30—80 MHz. Using the galactic radio emission and a detailed model of the LOFAR signal chain, we find a calibration that provides an absolute energy scale and allows us to study frequency dependent features in measured air shower signals.
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28
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Hare BM, Scholten O, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Ebert U, Falcke H, Hörandel JR, Leijnse H, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Rutjes C, Schellart P, Thoudam S, Trinh TNG, ter Veen S, Winchen T. LOFAR Lightning Imaging: Mapping Lightning With Nanosecond Precision. J Geophys Res Atmos 2018; 123:2861-2876. [PMID: 29938144 PMCID: PMC5993312 DOI: 10.1002/2017jd028132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lightning mapping technology has proven instrumental in understanding lightning. In this work we present a pipeline that can use lightning observed by the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope to construct a 3-D map of the flash. We show that LOFAR has unparalleled precision, on the order of meters, even for lightning flashes that are over 20 km outside the area enclosed by LOFAR antennas (∼3,200 km2), and can potentially locate over 10,000 sources per lightning flash. We also show that LOFAR is the first lightning mapping system that is sensitive to the spatial structure of the electrical current during individual lightning leader steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. M. Hare
- KVI‐Center for Advanced Radiation TechnologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - O. Scholten
- KVI‐Center for Advanced Radiation TechnologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
- Interuniversity Institute for High‐EnergyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Bonardi
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - S. Buitink
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Corstanje
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - U. Ebert
- Center for Mathematics and Computer ScienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Applied PhysicsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenNetherlands
| | - H. Falcke
- Interuniversity Institute for High‐EnergyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- NIKHEF, Science Park AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooNetherlands
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für RadioastronomieBonnGermany
| | - J. R. Hörandel
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- NIKHEF, Science Park AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - H. Leijnse
- Royal Netherlands Meteorological InstituteDe BiltNetherlands
| | - P. Mitra
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - K. Mulrey
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Nelles
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - J. P. Rachen
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - L. Rossetto
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - C. Rutjes
- Center for Mathematics and Computer ScienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - P. Schellart
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Department of Astrophysical SciencesPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNJUSA
| | - S. Thoudam
- Department of Physics and Electrical EngineeringLinnuniversitetetVäxjöSweden
| | - T. N. G. Trinh
- KVI‐Center for Advanced Radiation TechnologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - S. ter Veen
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPPRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)DwingelooNetherlands
| | - T. Winchen
- Astrophysical InstituteVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
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29
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Ascierto P, Bono P, Bhatia S, Melero I, Nyakas M, Svane IM, Larkin J, Gomez-Roca C, Schadendorf D, Dummer R, Marabelle A, Hoeller C, Maurer M, Harbison C, Mitra P, Suryawanshi S, Thudium K, Muñoz Couselo E. Efficacy of BMS-986016, a monoclonal antibody that targets lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), in combination with nivolumab in pts with melanoma who progressed during prior anti–PD-1/PD-L1 therapy (mel prior IO) in all-comer and biomarker-enriched populations. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx440.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Amole C, Ardid M, Arnquist IJ, Asner DM, Baxter D, Behnke E, Bhattacharjee P, Borsodi H, Bou-Cabo M, Campion P, Cao G, Chen CJ, Chowdhury U, Clark K, Collar JI, Cooper PS, Crisler M, Crowder G, Dahl CE, Das M, Fallows S, Farine J, Felis I, Filgas R, Girard F, Giroux G, Hall J, Harris O, Hoppe EW, Jin M, Krauss CB, Laurin M, Lawson I, Leblanc A, Levine I, Lippincott WH, Mamedov F, Maurya D, Mitra P, Nania T, Neilson R, Noble AJ, Olson S, Ortega A, Plante A, Podviyanuk R, Priya S, Robinson AE, Roeder A, Rucinski R, Scallon O, Seth S, Sonnenschein A, Starinski N, Štekl I, Tardif F, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Wells J, Wichoski U, Yan Y, Zacek V, Zhang J. Dark Matter Search Results from the PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} Bubble Chamber. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:251301. [PMID: 28696731 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.251301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
New results are reported from the operation of the PICO-60 dark matter detector, a bubble chamber filled with 52 kg of C_{3}F_{8} located in the SNOLAB underground laboratory. As in previous PICO bubble chambers, PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} exhibits excellent electron recoil and alpha decay rejection, and the observed multiple-scattering neutron rate indicates a single-scatter neutron background of less than one event per month. A blind analysis of an efficiency-corrected 1167-kg day exposure at a 3.3-keV thermodynamic threshold reveals no single-scattering nuclear recoil candidates, consistent with the predicted background. These results set the most stringent direct-detection constraint to date on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent cross section at 3.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} for a 30-GeV c^{-2} WIMP, more than 1 order of magnitude improvement from previous PICO results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Amole
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Ardid
- Departament de Física Aplicada, IGIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, Gandia 46730 Spain
| | - I J Arnquist
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - D M Asner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - D Baxter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Behnke
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
| | - P Bhattacharjee
- Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - H Borsodi
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
| | - M Bou-Cabo
- Departament de Física Aplicada, IGIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, Gandia 46730 Spain
| | - P Campion
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - G Cao
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - C J Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - U Chowdhury
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - K Clark
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - J I Collar
- Enrico Fermi Institute, KICP and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - P S Cooper
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Crisler
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Crowder
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - C E Dahl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Das
- Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Fallows
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - J Farine
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - I Felis
- Departament de Física Aplicada, IGIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, Gandia 46730 Spain
| | - R Filgas
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Cz-12800, Czech Republic
| | - F Girard
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - G Giroux
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - O Harris
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
- Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, Illinois 60625, USA
| | - E W Hoppe
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M Jin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - C B Krauss
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - M Laurin
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - I Lawson
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - A Leblanc
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - I Levine
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
| | - W H Lippincott
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - F Mamedov
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Cz-12800, Czech Republic
| | - D Maurya
- Bio-Inspired Materials and Devices Laboratory (BMDL), Center for Energy Harvesting Material and Systems (CEHMS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - P Mitra
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - T Nania
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
| | - R Neilson
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - A J Noble
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - S Olson
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - A Ortega
- Enrico Fermi Institute, KICP and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Plante
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - R Podviyanuk
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - S Priya
- Bio-Inspired Materials and Devices Laboratory (BMDL), Center for Energy Harvesting Material and Systems (CEHMS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - A E Robinson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Roeder
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
| | - R Rucinski
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - O Scallon
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - S Seth
- Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - N Starinski
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - I Štekl
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Cz-12800, Czech Republic
| | - F Tardif
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - E Vázquez-Jáuregui
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D. F. 01000, Mexico
| | - J Wells
- Department of Physics, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634, USA
| | - U Wichoski
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Y Yan
- Bio-Inspired Materials and Devices Laboratory (BMDL), Center for Energy Harvesting Material and Systems (CEHMS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - V Zacek
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Trinh T, Scholten O, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Ebert U, Enriquez JE, Falcke H, Hörandel J, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Thoudam S, Rachen J, Rossetto L, Rutjes C, Schellart P, ter Veen S, Winchen T. Circular polarization of radio emission from air showers in thunderstorm conditions. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201713503002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Winchen T, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Enriquez JE, Falcke H, Hörandel JR, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, Thoudam S, Trinh T, ter Veen S. Search for Cosmic Particles with the Moon and LOFAR. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201713504003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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Hörandel JR, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen J, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, ter Veen S, Thoudam S, Trinh T, Winchen T. The mass composition of cosmic rays measured with LOFAR. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201713602001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Scholten O, Trinh T, Bonardi A, Buitink S, Correa P, Corstanje A, Dorosti Hasankiadeh Q, Falcke H, Hörandel J, Mitra P, Mulrey K, Nelles A, Rachen J, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Thoudam S, ter Veen S, de Vries K, Winchen T. Measurement of the circular polarization in radio emission from extensive air showers confirms emission mechanisms. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.94.103010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Yang RM, Dray E, Mitra P, Gonda TJ. Abstract P4-07-09: MYB is involved in the DNA damage response in human ER+ breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-07-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aims:
Over 70% of human breast cancer cells are oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) and express MYB. MYB expression is necessary for the proliferation of ER+ breast cancer cells in vitro and for tumour development in vivo. Our previous studies found that shRNA-mediated MYB knock-down greatly sensitised breast cancer cells to chemically-induced apoptosis by down-regulating the BCL2 (a MYB target gene) (Drabsch et al., 2010). Furthermore, several published studies (Taha et al., 2004; Thomadaki et al., 2006) indicated that actinomycin D and etoposide treatment could induce DNA damage in human ER+ breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Moreover, silencing MYB increased DNA damage-induced cell death in castration resistant prostate cancer cells by down-regulating DNA damage response genes (Li et al., 2014). However, there is very little information on MYB function in the DNA damage response of ER+ breast cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether silencing MYB affected the DNA damage repair and resulting in cell death in MCF-7 cells.
Methods:
To achieve down-regulation of MYB expression in human ER+ breast cancer, we used doxycycline inducible shRNA lentiviral vectors (pLV711 (Drabsch et al., 2007; Brown et al., 2010)) in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We used PI staining plus FACS analysis for cell death assessment. We also used γ-H2AX protein expression and γ-H2AX foci counting to assess DNA damage.
Results:
We found that silencing MYB alone did not result in cell death, as reported previously (Drabsch et al., 2010). However, silencing MYB significantly increased actinomycin D-induced cell death. This similar result was also found on etoposide-induced cell death. Furthermore, we found that silencing MYB significantly increased actinomycin D or etoposide-induced γ-H2AX expression. Moreover, anti-apoptotic BCL2 expression, measured by western blotting, was dramatically reduced after the combination of MYB knock down and actinomycin D or etoposide, compared to wild type and nonsilencing controls.
Conclusions:
Silencing MYB significantly increased DNA damage-induced cell death and D???damage. This may result from down-regulation of BCL2 expression, an effect on DNA damage response genes, or both. This requires further investigation. For example, Rad51 and γ-H2AX colocalization and 53BP1 expression in response to DNA damage will be presented.
References:
Taha et al., 2004, J Biol Chem, 279, 20546-46.
Thomadaki et al., 2006, Biol. Chem., 387, 1081-1086.
Drabsch et al., 2007, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104, 13762-7.
Drabsch et al., 2010, Breast Cancer Res, 12:R55.
Brown et al., 2010, Hum Gene Ther, 21(8),1005-17.
Li et al., 2014, Science Signaling, 7(326).
Citation Format: Yang R-M, Dray E, Mitra P, Gonda TJ. MYB is involved in the DNA damage response in human ER+ breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- R-M Yang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E Dray
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Mitra
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - TJ Gonda
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
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Mukhopadhyay S, Dasgupta S, Mitra P, Bose C, Gharami F, Mukhopadhyay A. 310P Correlation of different mutations with drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia in Indian perspective. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv526.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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37
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Amole C, Ardid M, Asner DM, Baxter D, Behnke E, Bhattacharjee P, Borsodi H, Bou-Cabo M, Brice SJ, Broemmelsiek D, Clark K, Collar JI, Cooper PS, Crisler M, Dahl CE, Das M, Debris F, Dhungana N, Farine J, Felis I, Filgas R, Fines-Neuschild M, Girard F, Giroux G, Hai M, Hall J, Harris O, Jackson CM, Jin M, Krauss C, Lafrenière M, Laurin M, Lawson I, Levine I, Lippincott WH, Mann E, Martin JP, Maurya D, Mitra P, Neilson R, Noble AJ, Plante A, Podviyanuk R, Priya S, Robinson AE, Ruschman M, Scallon O, Seth S, Sonnenschein A, Starinski N, Štekl I, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Wells J, Wichoski U, Zacek V, Zhang J. PICASSO, COUPP and PICO - search for dark matter with bubble chambers. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20159504020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Mitra P, Mukherjee S, Hassan H, Soreng PS, Adhikari S, Roy TK. Rectovaginal Fistula of Different Etiologies: Clinical Case Reports. Nepal j obstet gynaecol 2014. [DOI: 10.3126/njog.v7i2.11143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report three cases of recto vaginal fistula (RVF) due to different etiologies. First case was due to sexual trauma (vaginal intercourse) which is not very common. The second case was due to obstetric trauma (the most common etiology of RVF) and the third case was caused by chronic lower genito-urinary infection in a HIV positive lady. We have included the successful surgical procedures of first two cases. But the repairing of the third case was failed hence planned to operate after six months. DOI: http://www.dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v7i2.11143 Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 7 / No. 2 / Issue 14 / July-Dec, 2012 / 43-46
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Banerjee S, Bose C, Mondal S, Mitra P, Gharami F, Mukhopadhyay A. Bcr-Abl Kinase Domain Mutations and Other Mutations on the Response to Nilotinib in Bcr Abl –Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia - a Study from Eastern India. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu339.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Neves FMDO, Leite TT, Meneses GC, Araujo De Souza NH, Martins AMC, Parahyba MC, Queiroz REB, Liborio A, Liu Y, Li Y, Li X, Chen L, Zulkarnaev A, Vatazin A, Nikolaj S, Stadler T, Raddatz A, Hubner W, Poppleton A, Fliser D, Klingele M, Castellano G, Intini A, Stasi A, Divella C, Pontrelli P, Gigante M, Zito A, Pertosa GB, Gesualdo L, Grandaliano G, Powell TC, Donnelly JP, Wang HE, Warnock DG, De Loor J, Hoste E, Herck I, Francois K, Decrop L, Clauwaert C, Bracke S, Vermeiren D, Demeyere K, Meyer E, Mitra P, Rahim MA, Gupta RD, Samdani TS, Rahman SA, Enam SF, Mursalin G, E-Khoda MM, Haque WMM, Iqbal S, Mansur MA, Guglielmetti G, Cena T, Musetti C, Quaglia M, Battista M, Radin E, Airoldi A, Izzo C, Stratta P, Haase-Fielitz A, Albert C, Westphal S, Hoffmann J, Mertens PR, Plass M, Westerman M, Bellomo R, Maisel A, Ronco C, Haase M, Wu PC, Wu VC, Prasad B, Wong B, St.Onge JR, Rungta R, Das P, Ray DS, Gupta S, De Gracia MDC, Osuna A, Quesada A, Manzano F, Montoro S, Jimenez MDM, Wangensteen R, Strunk AK, Schmidt J, Schmidt B, Bode-Boger S, Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Welte T, Kielstein JT, Wang AY, Bellomo R, Cass A, Myburgh J, Finfer S, Gatta D, Chadban S, Jardine M, Lo S, Barzi F, Gallagher M, Marn-Pernat A, Benedik M, Bren A, Buturovic-Ponikvar J, Gubensek J, Knap B, Premru V, Ponikvar R, Koba L, Teixeira M, Macedo E, Altunoren O, Balli M, Tasolar H, Eren N, Arpaci A, Caglayan CE, Yavuz YC, Sahin M, Gliga ML, Gliga PM, Frigy A, Bandea A, Magdas AM, Dogaru G, Mergulhao C, Pinheiro H, Vidal E, Sette L, Amorim G, Fernandes G, Valente L, Hornum M, Penninga L, Rasmussen A, Plagborg UB, Oturai P, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Hillingso JG, Klimenko A, Villevalde S, Kobalava Z, Arias Cabrales C, Rodriguez E, Bermejo S, Sierra A, Pascual J, Huang TM, Wu VC, Oh WC, Rigby M, Mafrici B, Sharman A, Harvey D, Welham S, Mahajan R, Gardner D, Devonald M, Wu VC, Lin MC, Wu PC, Wu CH, Nagaraja P, Clark A, Brisk R, Jennings V, Jones H, Hashmi M, Parker C, Mikhail A, Schraut J, Keller F, Mertens T, Duprel JB, Quercia AD, Cantaluppi V, Dellepiane S, Pacitti A, Biancone L, Chang KY, Park HS, Kim HW, Choi BS, Park CW, Yang CW, Jin DC, Quercia AD, Cantaluppi V, Dellepiane S, Medica D, Besso L, Gai M, Leonardi G, Guarena C, Biancone L, Obrencevic K, Jovanovic D, Petrovic M, Ignjatovic L, Tadic J, Mijuskovic M, Maksic D, Vavic N, Pilcevic D, Mistry HD, Bramham K, Seed PT, Lynham S, Ward MA, Poston L, Chappell LC. CLINICAL ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY 1. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Som S, Mitra P, Kumar V, Kumar V, Terblans JJ, Swart HC, Sharma SK. The energy transfer phenomena and colour tunability in Y2O2S:Eu3+/Dy3+ micro-fibers for white emission in solid state lighting applications. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:9860-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00349g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the structural, optical and photometric characterization of an Eu3+/Dy3+ doped yttrium oxysulfide phosphor (Y2O2S:Eu3+/Dy3+) for near white emission in solid state lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Som
- Department of Physics
- University of Free State
- Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Applied Physics
- Indian School of Mines
| | - P. Mitra
- Department of Applied Physics
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Physics
- University of Free State
- Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Physics
- University of Free State
- Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - J. J. Terblans
- Department of Physics
- University of Free State
- Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - H. C. Swart
- Department of Physics
- University of Free State
- Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - S. K. Sharma
- Department of Applied Physics
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad 826004, India
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Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films was deposited on p-silicon (Si) substrate from ammonium zincate bath following a chemical dipping technique called SILAR. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates the formation of polycrystalline single phase ZnO with strong c-axis orientation. I-V characteristic of the p-Si/n-ZnO heterojunction was studied and rectification was observed. The maximum value of forward to reverse current ratio at room temperature was ~15 at 3.0 V. It increases to ~30 at 100oC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Mitra
- Department of Physics, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713104, India
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O'Rourke RW, White AE, Metcalf MD, Olivas AS, Mitra P, Larison WG, Cheang EC, Varlamov O, Corless CL, Roberts CT, Marks DL. Hypoxia-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion in human adipose tissue stromovascular cells. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1480-90. [PMID: 21400042 PMCID: PMC3159546 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxia has been implicated as a cause of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity, although the inflammatory response of human adipose tissue to hypoxia is not well understood. The goal of this study was to define in vitro inflammatory responses of human adipose tissue to hypoxia and identify molecular mechanisms of hypoxia-induced inflammation. METHODS The inflammatory milieu and responses of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue explants and purified stromovascular cells (SVFs) from obese and lean humans were studied in an in vitro hypoxic culture system using quantitative real-time PCR, ELISA, western blotting, immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Human adipose tissue in obesity demonstrates an increased leucocyte infiltrate that is greater in VAT than SAT and involves macrophages, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Hypoxic culture regulates inflammatory cytokine secretion and transcription of metabolic stress response genes in human adipose tissue SVF. Adipocyte diameter is increased and adipose tissue capillary density is decreased in obese participants. Inhibition of c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) or p38 significantly attenuates hypoxia-induced SVF inflammatory responses. Hypoxia induces phosphorylation of p38 in adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS Human adipose tissue in obesity is characterised by a depot-specific inflammatory cell infiltrate that involves not only macrophages, but also T cells and NK cells. Hypoxia induces inflammatory cytokine secretion by human adipose tissue SVF, the primary source of which is adipose tissue macrophages. These data implicate p38 in the regulation of hypoxia-induced inflammation and suggest that alterations in adipocyte diameter and adipose tissue capillary density may be potential underlying causes of adipose tissue hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L223A, Portland, OR, USA.
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Mitra P, Randolph D, Parker M, DeGroot P, Mukhopadhyay N, Karlin J, Heffernan J, Anscher M, Chung T, Weiss E. Radiographic Toxicity Associated with Thoracic Stereotactic Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Emery P, Durez P, Dougados M, Legerton CW, Becker JC, Vratsanos G, Genant HK, Peterfy C, Mitra P, Overfield S, Qi K, Westhovens R. Impact of T-cell costimulation modulation in patients with undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis or very early rheumatoid arthritis: a clinical and imaging study of abatacept (the ADJUST trial). Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 69:510-6. [PMID: 19933744 PMCID: PMC2927615 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.119016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Several agents provide treatment for established rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but a crucial therapeutic goal is to delay/prevent progression of undifferentiated arthritis (UA) or very early RA. Objective To determine the impact of T-cell costimulation modulation in patients with UA or very early RA. Methods In this double-blind, phase II, placebocontrolled, 2-year study, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP)2-positive patients with UA (not fulfilling the ACR criteria for RA) and clinical synovitis of two or more joints were randomised to abatacept (∼10 mg/kg) or placebo for 6 months; the study drug was then terminated. The primary end point was development of RA (by ACR criteria) at year 1. Patients were monitored by radiography, MRI, CCP2, rheumatoid factor and 28 joint count Disease Activity Score (DAS28) over 2 years. Results At year 1, 12/26 (46%) abatacept-treated versus 16/24 (67%) placebo-treated patients developed RA (difference (95% CI) −20.5% (−47.4% to 7.8%)). Adjusted mean changes from baseline to year 1 in Genant-modified Sharp radiographic scores for abatacepttreated versus placebo-treated patients, respectively, were 0 versus 1.1 for total score, and 0 versus 0.9 for erosion score. Mean changes from baseline to year 1 in MRI erosion, osteitis and synovitis scores were 0, 0.2 and 0.2, respectively, versus 5.0, 6.7 and 2.3 in the abatacept versus placebo groups. Safety was comparable between groups; serious adverse events occurred in one patient (3.6%) in each group. Conclusion Abatacept delayed progression of UA/very early RA in some patients. An impact on radiographic and MRI inhibition was seen, which was maintained for 6 months after treatment stopped. This suggests that it is possible to alter the progression of RA by modulating T-cell responses at a very early stage of disease. Trial registration number NCT00124449.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Emery
- Section of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds. [corrected]
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Weiss E, Wu J, Sleeman F, Bryant J, Mitra P, Myers M, Ivanova T, Murphy M, Williamson J. Model-based Segmentation for Soft Tissue Contouring in the Pelvis on Fan-beam (FBCT) and Cone-beam Computed Tomographic (CBCT) Imaging: A Contouring Variability Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mitra P, Mitra S. O621 Aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of recurrent endometriosis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)60994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
A state of a black hole in loop quantum gravity is given by a distribution of spins on punctures on the horizon. The distribution is of the Boltzmann type, with the area playing the role of the energy. In investigations where the total area was kept approximately constant, there was a kind of thermal equilibrium between the spins which have the same analogue temperature and the entropy was proportional to the area. If the area is precisely fixed, however, multiple constraints appear, different spins have different analogue temperatures and the entropy is not strictly linear in the area, but is bounded by a linear rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghosh
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Calcutta 700064, India
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Weiss E, Wu J, Sleeman W, Black R, Bryant J, Mitra P, Myers M, Murphy M, Williamson J. Clinical Evaluation of Soft Tissue Organ Boundary Visualization on Cone-beam Computed Tomographic (CBCT) Imaging: A Contouring Variability Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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