1
|
Rajabi S, Spotin A, Mahami-Oskouei M, Baradaran B, Babaie F, Azadi Y, Alizadeh P, Valadan R, Barac A, Ahmadpour E. Toxoplasma gondii activates NLRP12 inflammasome pathway in the BALB/c murine model. Acta Trop 2022; 225:106202. [PMID: 34688629 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The host resistance against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection is related to the initiation of the immune response. The study aimed to investigate the role of the leucine-rich repeat family, pyrin domain -containing protein 12 (NLRP12), and cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding domain in the inflammasome-mediated cell death during murine toxoplasmosis. Groups of BALB/c mice (n = 10) were inoculated intraperitoneally with live tachyzoites, excretory-secretory antigens (ESAs) of T. gondii RH strain, and RPMI. The gene expression levels of NLRP12, caspase-3, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, ASC, and Bcl-2 were measured in the peritoneal cells using quantitative real-time PCR, while the determination of NLRP12 protein level was measured by Western blot. Also, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was investigated. Quantitative and comparative analyses showed that injection of tachyzoites significantly increased NLRP12, caspase-3, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and ASC genes mRNA expression levels (p<0.01). Contrary to the acute infection, the Bcl-2 gene was significantly expressed in the ESAs group (p<0.0001). The level of NLRP12 protein was significantly higher in the mice that received tachyzoites and ESAs in comparison to the control group (p<0.0001). These findings provide an inside into the host-T. gondii interaction and NLRP12 regulation, which is important for the modulation of the immunological response.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pagheh AS, Daryani A, Alizadeh P, Hassannia H, Rodrigues Oliveira SM, Kazemi T, Rezaei F, Pereira MDL, Ahmadpour E. Protective effect of a DNA vaccine cocktail encoding ROP13 and GRA14 with Alum nano-adjuvant against Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 132:105920. [PMID: 33421633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that can cause serious public health problems. The development of a safe and effective vaccine against T. gondii is urgently needed to prevent and control the spread of toxoplasmosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune responses induced by a pcGRA14 + pcROP13 vaccine cocktail in BALB/c mice. All groups were immunized intramuscularly three times at two-week intervals. The production of anti-Toxoplasma gondii lysate antigen (TLA) antibodies, lymphocyte proliferation, serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines and the survival time were monitored after vaccination and challenged with the virulent RH strain of T. gondii. The results showed that immunization with the pcGRA14 + pcROP13 DNA vaccine significantly increased the production of specific IgG antibodies and cytokines against toxoplasmosis. Interestingly, high levels of IgG2a and IFN-γ were found in animals vaccinated with DNA vaccine cocktail. Furthermore, immunized mice challenged with the RH strain of T. gondii showed prolonged survival time when compared to control groups (P <0.05). The present study demonstrates the potential of a DNA cocktail vaccine expressing pcGRA14 and pcROP13 in developing specific immune responses and providing effective protection against T. gondii infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdol Sattar Pagheh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Paria Alizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Amol Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Tohid Kazemi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghayebloo M, Alizadeh P, Melo RM. Fabrication of ZrO 2-Bearing lithium-silicate glass-ceramics by pressureless sintering and spark plasma sintering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 105:103709. [PMID: 32279851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE the present study evaluated the effect of the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and Pressureless Sintering (PLS) methods on the physical and mechanical properties of ZrO2-bearing Lithium Silicate (ZLS) glass-ceramics. METHOD SPS and PLS methods were used for fabricating of the zirconia-bearing Lithium Silicate glass-ceramics. Several sintering temperatures were applied in order to achieving the best mechanical and physical properties in both methods. For this purpose, the particle size measurement of the glass powder was performed. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) was carried out for evaluation of the microstructure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the amorphous or crystalline state of the samples. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for the investigation of the chemical bonds. Flexural strength, Vickers microhardness, fracture toughness, and physical properties such as bulk density, water absorption, and the apparent porosity of the samples were measured. RESULTS It is possible to fabricate ZLS glass-ceramics by the SPS method at a sintering temperature approximately 350 °C lower than the sintering temperature of the PLS method. Results of the SPS showed SGC, 550 °C (SPS Glass Ceramic sintered at 550 °C) had the highest flexural strength (255.10 ± 15.44 MPa), fracture toughness (3.15 ± 0.62 MPam1/2), Vickers microhardness (7.96 ± 0.13 GPa) and bulk density (2.63 ± 0.02 g/cm3); the lowest water absorption (0.11 ± 0.12) and, apparent porosity (0.25 ± 0.32). Results of the PLS showed PLGC, 900 °C (PLS Glass Ceramic sintered at 900 °C) had the flexural strength (160.27 ± 12.69 MPa), the highest Vickers microhardness (7.22 ± 0.67 GPa) and bulk density (2.53 ± 0.03 g/cm3); the lowest water absorption (0.15 ± 0.21) and, apparent porosity (0.39 ± 0.54). According to the XRD patterns and FESEM images, SGC, 550 °C has Li2Si2O5 spherical nanocrystals (approximately 50-100 nm diameters). SIGNIFICANCE Different sintering temperatures in the SPS and PLS methods have an obvious effect on the microstructure, mechanical, and physical properties of ZrO2-bearing Lithium Silicate (ZLS) glass-ceramics. Sintering temperature was decreased in SPS compared to the PLS method and nanocrystals of Li2Si2O5 formed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ghayebloo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Alizadeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - R M Melo
- University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology at São José dos Campos, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alizadeh P, Ahmadpour E, Daryani A, Kazemi T, Spotin A, Mahami-Oskouei M, Flynn RJ, Azadi Y, Rajabi S, Sandoghchian S. IL-17 and IL-22 elicited by a DNA vaccine encoding ROP13 associated with protection against Toxoplasma gondii in BALB/c mice. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:10782-10788. [PMID: 30565688 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasitic protozoan, is capable of infecting man and all warm-blooded animals. Cell-mediated immunity is vital in mounting protective responses against T. gondii infection. Recent studies have shown that T-helper (Th) 17 responses may play a key role in parasite control. In this current study, we constructed a DNA vaccine encoding T. gondii ROP13 in a pcDNA vector. Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with pcROP13 or controls and challenged with the RH strain of T. gondii. The results showed that immunization with pcROP13 could elicit an antibody response against T. gondii. The expression of the canonical Th17 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22, were significantly increased after immunization with pcROP13 compared with control groups ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, vaccination resulted in a significant decrease in parasite load ( p < 0.05). The induction of Th17 related cytokines, using a ROP13 DNA vaccine, against T. gondii should be considered as a potential vaccine approach for the control of toxoplasmosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paria Alizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Spotin
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Robin J Flynn
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Yaghob Azadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ahmadpour E, Zargami E, Mahami-Oskouei M, Spotin A, Shahbazi A, Kafil H, Rajabi S, Alizadeh P, Azadi Y, Bahaj R, Shahrivar F, Barac A. Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women using automated chemiluminescence and quantitative real time PCR. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.250341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
6
|
Azadi Y, Ahmadpour E, Hamishehkar H, Daryani A, Spotin A, Mahami-Oskouei M, Barac A, Rajabi S, Alizadeh P, Montazeri M. Quantification of Toxoplasma gondii in the tissues of BALB/c mice after immunization with nanoliposomal excretory-secretory antigens using Real-Time PCR. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 59:52-56. [PMID: 30290888 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although almost 1/3 of the world's population are seropositive, there is no effective vaccine against toxoplasmosis. Therefore, the development of an effective vaccine for control of toxoplasmosis is one of major concerns in parasitology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nano-liposomal excretory-secretory antigens (NLESA) in BALB/c mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Excretory-secretory antigens (ESA) was obtained from tachyzoites, encapsulated in the liposome and studied by scanning electron microscope. BALB/c mice were immunized with NLESA and ESA, sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Immunization was performed three times at 14-day intervals and challenged with 1 × 104 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain four weeks later. The parasite load of mice blood, brain and spleen tissues were determined using quantitative PCR targeted at the repeated element (RE) gene. RESULTS The immunization with NLESA and ESA induced a significant increase of anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody compared with PBS group (P < 0.05). After challenge with tachyzoites, qPCR analyses showed significant reduction of parasite load in NLESA and ESA immunized mice compared with control group (P < 0.05). Also, NLESAs were more effective than ESAs and showed significantly reduced parasite load in blood (P = 0.001) and brain tissue (P = 0.01). DISCUSSION The vaccination with NLESA showed more promising results comparing to ESA. Further studies are recommended in order to achieve effectiveness of the vaccine against T. gondii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaghob Azadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Adel Spotin
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Aleksandra Barac
- Clinic for Infectious and tropical diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saba Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Paria Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahbobeh Montazeri
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Taghavi N, Mollaian M, Alizadeh P, Moshref M, Modabernia S, Akbarzadeh AR. Orofacial clefts and risk factors in tehran, iran: a case control study. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2012; 14:25-30. [PMID: 22737550 PMCID: PMC3372020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) or cleft palate only (CPO) are orofacial clefts with multifactorial etiology. These include environmental factors and heterogeneous genetic background. Therefore, studies on different and homogenous populations can be useful in detecting related factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors in patients with non-syndromic cleft in Tehran, Iran. METHODS Data from 300 patients and 300 controls were collected between 2005 and 2010. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to calculate relative risk by odds ratio (OR) and %95 confidence interval. RESULTS Low maternal age (OR=1.06, 95% CI, 1.011-1.113), low socioeconomic status (OR=0.23, 95% CI, 0.007-0.074), maternal systemic disease (OR=0.364; 95% CI, 0.152-0.873) and passive smoking (OR=0.613, 95% CI, 0.430-0.874) increased the risk for CL/P and CPO. There was a significant difference in iron and folic acid use during pregnancy when the case and control groups were compared. CONCLUSION In assessing for orofacial cleft risk, we should consider lack of folic acid supplementation use, maternal age and systemic diseases and passive smoking as risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Taghavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence: Nasim Taghavi, DMD, MSc, Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88784502, Fax: +98-21-88784502, E-mail:
| | - M Mollaian
- Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Alizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Moshref
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sh Modabernia
- Dental Student, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A R Akbarzadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tohidifar M, Taheri-Nassaj E, Alizadeh P. Precursor content assessment and its influence on the optical interference of a nano-sized mica-hematite pearlescent pigment. POWDER TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
The disaccharide trehalose plays a critical role in yeast cell survival during conditions of environmental stress. The vacuole of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains an enzyme, acid trehalase (ATH), that is capable of degrading trehalose. Recently, a gene required for ATH activity, ATH1, was cloned and sequenced [Destruelle et al., (1995) Yeast 11, 1015-1025]. The relationship between ATH1 and ATH, however, was not determined. We have purified ATH and shown that it is the ATH1 gene product; peptide sequences from the purified protein correspond to the deduced amino acid sequence of Ath1p. In addition, antiserum to Ath1p specifically recognizes purified ATH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Alizadeh
- Section of Microbiology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim J, Alizadeh P, Harding T, Hefner-Gravink A, Klionsky DJ. Disruption of the yeast ATH1 gene confers better survival after dehydration, freezing, and ethanol shock: potential commercial applications. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:1563-9. [PMID: 8633854 PMCID: PMC167930 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.5.1563-1569.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of trehalose is a critical determinant of stress resistance in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have constructed a yeast strain in which the activity of the trehalose-hydrolyzing enzyme, acid trehalase (ATH), has been abolished. Loss of ATH activity was accomplished by disrupting the ATH1 gene, which is essential for ATH activity. The delta ath1 strain accumulated greater levels of cellular trehalose and grew to a higher cell density than the isogenic wild-type strain. In addition, the elevated levels of trehalose in the delta ath1 strain correlated with increased tolerance to dehydration, freezing, and toxic levels of ethanol. The improved resistance to stress conditions exhibited by the delta ath1 strain may make this strain useful in commercial applications, including baking and brewing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Section of Microbiology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|