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Shen Y, Connolly E, Aiello M, Zhou C, Chappa P, Song H, Tippitak P, Clark T, Cardenas M, Prokhnevska N, Mariniello A, Pagadala MS, Dhere VR, Rafiq S, Kesarwala AH, Orthwein A, Thomas SN, Khan MK, Brandon Dixon J, Lesinski GB, Lowe MC, Kissick H, Yu DS, Paulos CM, Schmitt NC, Buchwald ZS. Radiation and anti-PD-L1 synergize by stimulating a stem-like T cell population in the tumor-draining lymph node. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3921977. [PMID: 38496632 PMCID: PMC10942568 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3921977/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) and anti-PD-L1 synergize to enhance local and distant (abscopal) tumor control. However, clinical results in humans have been variable. With the goal of improving clinical outcomes, we investigated the underlying synergistic mechanism focusing on a CD8+ PD-1+ Tcf-1+ stem-like T cell subset in the tumor-draining lymph node (TdLN). Using murine melanoma models, we found that RT + anti-PD-L1 induces a novel differentiation program in the TdLN stem-like population which leads to their expansion and differentiation into effector cells within the tumor. Our data indicate that optimal synergy between RT + anti-PD-L1 is dependent on the TdLN stem-like T cell population as either blockade of TdLN egress or specific stem-like T cell depletion reduced tumor control. Together, these data demonstrate a multistep stimulation of stem-like T cells following combination therapy which is initiated in the TdLN and completed in the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Erin Connolly
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Meili Aiello
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chengjing Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Prasanthi Chappa
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Haorui Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Patan Tippitak
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tarralyn Clark
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Cardenas
- Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nataliya Prokhnevska
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ICMMS), New York City, NY, USA
| | - Annapaola Mariniello
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Meghana S. Pagadala
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Vishal R. Dhere
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarwish Rafiq
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alexandre Orthwein
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Susan N. Thomas
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mohammad K. Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J. Brandon Dixon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory B. Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael C. Lowe
- Department of Surgery and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Haydn Kissick
- Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David S. Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chrystal M. Paulos
- Department of Surgery and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicole C. Schmitt
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zachary S. Buchwald
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Lead contact
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