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Kalyani P, Subiksha K, Jena A, Shashirekha G, Mohanty S, Sharma G. Effects of eye dominance on shade matching and color perception among the dentist population. Restor Dent Endod 2023; 48:e40. [PMID: 38053780 PMCID: PMC10695730 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of eye dominance on color perception, and shade matching. Materials and Methods A total of 104 participants were selected for the study. There were 3 groups: Group I: 3rd and 4th year dental students and interns (n = 40); Group II: postgraduates (n = 34); Group III: senior residents and faculty members (≥ 6 years of clinical experience) (n = 30). All participants were evaluated for congenital color blindness with Ishihara plates, their dominant eye with Mile's test, and their color perception with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test. The shade guide test was used for shade matching with a second corresponding set of Vitapan classical shade guides. Results The results of Mile's test revealed that 60.6% were right-eye dominant and 39.4% were left-eye dominant. There was a statistically significant difference among all participants between the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye in shade matching. Conclusions The dominant eye has a positive effect on shade matching and the ability to match shades becomes better with an increase in clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattnaik Kalyani
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College & Hospital, Odisha, India
| | - Kannan Subiksha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College & Hospital, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Jena
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College & Hospital, Odisha, India
| | - Govind Shashirekha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Odisha, India
| | - Saumyakanta Mohanty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College & Hospital, Odisha, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College & Hospital, Odisha, India
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Kalyani P, Manasa Y, Ahammad SH, Suman M, Anwer TMK, Hossain MA, Rashed ANZ. Prediction of patient's neurological recovery from cervical spinal cord injury through XGBoost learning approach. Eur Spine J 2023; 32:2140-2148. [PMID: 37060466 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the diversity of patient characteristics, therapeutic approaches, and radiological findings, it can be challenging to predict outcomes based on neurological consequences accurately within cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) entities and based on machine learning (ML) technique. Accurate neurological outcomes prediction in the patients suffering with cervical spinal cord injury is challenging due to heterogeneity existing in patient characteristics and treatment strategies. Machine learning algorithms are proven technology for achieving greater prediction outcomes. Thus, the research employed machine learning model through extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) for attaining superior accuracy and reliability followed with other MI algorithms for predicting the neurological outcomes. Besides, it generated a model of a data-driven approach with extreme gradient boosting to enhance fault detection techniques (XGBoost) efficiency rate. To forecast improvements within functionalities of neurological systems, the status has been monitored through motor position (ASIA [American Spinal Injury Association] Impairment Scale [AIS] D and E) followed by the method of prediction employing XGBoost, combined with decision tree for regression logistics. Thus, with the proposed XGBoost approach, the enhanced accuracy in reaching the outcome is 81.1%, and from other models such as decision tree (80%) and logistic regression (82%), in predicting outcomes of neurological improvements within cervical SCI patients. Considering the AUC, the XGBoost and decision tree valued with 0.867 and 0.787, whereas logistic regression showed 0.877. Therefore, the application of XGBoost for accurate prediction and decision-making in the categorization of pre-treatment in patients with cervical SCI has reached better development with this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kalyani
- Department of ECE, Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India
| | - Y Manasa
- Department of CSE, Prasad V Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Vijayawada, India
| | - Sk Hasane Ahammad
- Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, 522302, India
| | - M Suman
- Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, 522302, India
| | - Twana Mohammed Kak Anwer
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44002, Iraq
| | - Md Amzad Hossain
- Institute of Theoretical Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
- Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32951, Egypt.
- Department of VLSI Microelectronics, Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India.
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Marimuthu M, Prabhu AR, Kalyani P, Murali S, Senthilnathan P, Ramani P. Complex-compound Odontome with 526 Denticles: A Unique Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:789-792. [PMID: 36866148 PMCID: PMC9973070 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To report a unique case presentation of a complex-compound odontome with 526 denticles. Background Odontoma is a hamartoma of the jaws that has both epithelial and mesenchymal components differentiating to form enamel and dentin. It is of compound and complex types. Rarely, the features of both the types are present together in what is called the compound-complex type of odontoma. Case description The case report discussed here is that of a 7-year-old boy who presented with a compound-complex odontoma in the right posterior mandibular region. Conclusion Timely diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment aid in preventing complications and bony expansion. Thus, proper histopathological examination is essential for the confirmation of odontoma. Recurrence of odontoma is rare and usually has a favorable prognosis if diagnosed early. Clinical significance The odontome contained 526 denticles, the maximum reported in the literature so far, making this a case of extreme clinical significance. How to cite this article Marimuthu M, Prabhu AR, Kalyani P, et al. Complex-compound Odontome with 526 Denticles: A Unique Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(6):789-792.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhulaxmi Marimuthu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhinav Rajendra Prabhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Kalyani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swetha Murali
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Senthilnathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nischala S, Vaithiyanathan S, Ashok V, Kalyani P, Srinivas C, Aravind Kumar N, Vishnuraj MR. Development of a Touchdown—Duplex PCR Assay for Authentication of Sheep and Goat Meat. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kalyani P, Muthupandeeswari T. Investigation on the altered properties of PVA filled magnesium oxide composite (PVA@xMgO) thin films. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Imprudent use of antimicrobial drugs has resulted in the microbial resistance among the known microbes and hence we foresee a pressing need towards the development of novel, low-cost, and high potent antimicrobials which should be munificent by nature. In the pursuit of the above, phosphoric acid activated low-cost carbon was produced from a renewable phytomass precursor viz., leaves of Vitex negundo L. plant and explored for its antibacterial efficacy against four human pathogens viz., S. aureus, S. pyogenes (Gram-positive bacteria), and E. coli, P. aeruginosa (Gram-negative bacteria) by adopting well diffusion method. Carbon yield, burn-off, phase purity, elemental composition, particle morphology, and surface functionalities have been studied by ultimate elemental analysis, X-ray diffractometry, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry respectively. Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) was also followed. Plausible mechanism of killing the pathogens by the above activated carbon was also provided.
Results
Vitex negundo leaves derived activated carbon (VNLAC) was found to contain large number of O-, S- and N-containing surface groups which are supposedly responsible for bestowing antibacterial properties to the carbon derived from Vitex negundo leaves. It has emerged as a potential antibacterial agent for many Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria. The inhibition zone of mean diameters ranged from 9 to 25 mm against all the pathogens was significantly (p < 0.05) less than that of the control viz., ciprofloxacin. Thus, the fundamental experimental results may extend the limits of carbon sources but also the conventional idea of obtaining active carbon to apply in technologies where carbon is inevitable.
Conclusion
The work not only demonstrates the promising potential of VNLAC as an efficient antibacterial agent but also presents a feasible mechanism of action of removing pathogens. Vitex negundo-derived carbon may become a cheap substitute for cost-prohibitive drugs. The findings of the work illustrate an easy choice as an antibacterial for topical application at infected sites.
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Botsa SM, Jagadeesh Babu M, Suresh P, Kalyani P, Venkateswararao B, Muralikrishna R. Spherical NiWO4-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for effective visible light driven photocatalytic activity for the decolourisation of organic pollutants. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Kalyani P, Ganapathy D, Duraiswamy R, Kumar MPS. Oncogenes and their Role in Oral Oncogenesis - A Survey. JPRI 2020. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i1930708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC] is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. The etiological agents for OSCC are tobacco, betel quid, smoking, and alcohol. Oral cancer also has a genetic basis that is mediated by oncogenes.
Aim: The aim of the survey was to evaluate the knowledge about the role of oncogenes in oral oncogenesis among undergraduate dental students.
Materials and Methods: The study was a questionnaire-based survey and the respondents were to fourth year or interns of an undergraduate dental school. The sample size of the study was 100 and simple random sampling was used for choosing the sample population. The collected data was validated, tabulated, and analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and results were obtained.
Results and Conclusion: 25% of the respondents were fourth-year students and 75% were interns. About 98% of respondents were aware of the genetic basis of oral cancer. However, their knowledge about the role of oncogenes in oral cancer was very limited. A statistically significant association [P<0.05] was seen between the year of study and knowledge about oncogenes. Hence, measures have to be taken to impart knowledge about oncogenes for better diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Kalyani P, Kaarthikeyan G, Kumar MPS. Platelet Rich Plasma - Platelet Counts and Application - A Literature Review. JPRI 2020. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i1630657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a novel method of using plasma concentrated with platelets for wound healing and tissue regeneration. Platelet rich plasma is prepared from the venous blood using a differential centrifugation technique. It involves a separation spin and a concentration spin, yielding platelet rich plasma. PRP products have been classified into 4 types depending upon major cell constituent and fibrin density upon activation. These are as follows: Pure PRP, Leukocyte and PRP, Pure PRF, Leukocyte and PRF. PRF differs from PRP in that it is rich in a high density fibrin network after activation. PRP is abundant in a variety of growth factors such as VEGF, PDGF, TGF, EGF, and Interleukin-1. Literature consists of reports by different authors about the platelet yield of PRP centrifuged by different systems. A number of factors have also been quoted to influence the platelet concentration in platelet rich plasma. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss the platelet concentration in PRP centrifuged by different systems and to observe for variations if any.
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Kalyani P, Aswani KK, Haritha Y, Srinivas B, Kanaka DA. Comparative blood haemato-biochemical variations in Indian Zebu cattle breeds during early summer. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1424772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Kalyani
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
| | - Kumar K. Aswani
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
| | - Y. Haritha
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
| | - B. Srinivas
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
| | - Durga A. Kanaka
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
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Kumar BS, Ashok V, Kalyani P, Nair GR. Conjugation of ampicillin and enrofloxacin residues with bovine serum albumin and raising of polyclonal antibodies against them. Vet World 2016; 9:410-6. [PMID: 27182138 PMCID: PMC4864484 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.410-416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to test the potency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugated ampicillin (AMP) and enrofloxacin (ENR) antigens in eliciting an immune response in rats using indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA). MATERIALS AND METHODS AMP and ENR antibiotics were conjugated with BSA by carbodiimide reaction using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) as a cross-linker. The successful conjugation was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Sprague-Dawley rats were immunized with the conjugates and blood samples were collected serially at 15 days time interval after first immunization plus first booster, second booster, third booster, and the fourth sampling was done 1½ month after the third booster. The antibody titres in the antisera of each antibiotic in all the four immunization cycles (ICs) were determined by an icELISA at various serum dilutions ranging from 1/100 to 1/6400. RESULTS Analysis of antibiotic-BSA conjugates by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and coomassie blue staining revealed high molecular weight bands of 85 kDa and 74 kDa for AMP-BSA and ENR-BSA respectively when compared to 68 kDa band of BSA. Both the antibiotic conjugates elicited a good immune response in rats but comparatively the response was more with AMP-BSA conjugate than ENR-BSA conjugate. Maximum optical density 450 value of 2.577 was recorded for AMP-BSA antisera, and 1.723 was recorded for ENR-BSA antisera at 1/100(th) antiserum dilution in third IC. CONCLUSION AMP and ENR antibiotics proved to be good immunogens when conjugated to BSA by carbodiimide reaction with EDC as crosslinker. The polyclonal antibodies produced can be employed for detecting AMP and ENR residues in milk and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sampath Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Korutla, Karimnagar, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vasili Ashok
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Korutla, Karimnagar, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P. Kalyani
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Korutla, Karimnagar, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G. Remya Nair
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Korutla, Karimnagar, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Jamil K, Kalyani P. A study on biochemical facet of anemia in cancers: A strong link between erythropoietin and tumor necrosis factor alpha in anemic cancer patients. Indian J Cancer 2015; 52:127-32. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.175579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
In the nucleophilic substitution reaction of benzyl bromides with three sulfur nucleophiles a linear relationship between the nucleophile discrimination parameter (s) and the Hammett substituent constant (σ) is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Kalyani
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, India
| | - P. Manikyamba
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, India
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Venkataraman BV, Ravishankar HN, Rao AV, Kalyani P, Sharada G, Namboodiri K, Gabor B, Ramasarma T. Decavanadate possesses alpha-adrenergic agonist activity and a structural motif common with trans-beta form of noradrenaline. Mol Cell Biochem 1997; 169:27-36. [PMID: 9089628 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006882408983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Decavanadate, an inorganic polymer of vanadate, produced contraction of rat aortic rings at a relatively high concentration compared to phenylephrine, an agonist of alpha-adrenergic receptor. This effect was blocked by two known alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonists, prazosin and phenoxybenzamine. Decavanadate, formed by possible dimerization of V5 under acid conditions, possessed a structural feature of two pairs of unshared oxygen atoms at a distance of 3.12 A, not found in its constituents of V4 or V5. A structural motif of O..O..O using such oxygen atoms is recognized in decavanadate. This matches with a similar motif of N..O..O that uses the essential amino and hydroxyl groups of the side-chain and the m-hydroxyl group in trans-beta form of noradrenaline. The interaction of such a structural motif with the membrane receptor is likely to be the basis of the unusual noradrenaline-mimic action of decavanadate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Venkataraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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Ravishankar HN, Kalyani P, Ramasarma T. NADH oxidation is stimulated by an intermediate formed during vanadyl-H2O2 interaction. Biochim Biophys Acta 1994; 1201:289-97. [PMID: 7947944 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(94)90053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Addition of NADH decreased the oxygen release that accompanied oxidation of vanadyl by H2O2. The added NADH was oxidized rapidly and oxygen was consumed with a stoichiometry of 1:1 for NADH/O2. Small concentrations of H2O2 were sufficient to trigger this oxygen-consuming NADH oxidation which terminated on exhaustion of either NADH or vanadyl. The oxidation of NADH increased proportionately with concentration of NADH and vanadyl. The oxidation products of vanadyl were found to be a mixture of vanadate oligomers and peroxovanadates. The reaction was sensitive to catalase, SOD, histidine and EDTA. Using ESR spectroscopy with DMPO as the spin trap, an adduct corresponding to DMPO-OH was detected in these phosphate-buffered reaction mixtures. Participation of hydroxyl radicals in NADH oxidation, however, seems doubtful because even high concentrations of ethanol, methanol, mannitol, formate and benzoate, known to scavenge these radicals, did not block the reaction. The results indicate that peroxovanadate intermediates formed during vanadyl oxidation by H2O2 play a key role in the oxidation of NADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Ravishankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
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Abstract
Oxidation of NADH by decavanadate, a polymeric form vanadate with a cage-like structure, in presence of rat liver microsomes followed a biphasic pattern. An initial slow phase involved a small rate of oxygen uptake and reduction of 3 of the 10 vanadium atoms. This was followed by a second rapid phase in which the rates of NADH oxidation and oxygen uptake increased several-fold with a stoichiometry of NADH: O2 of 1:1. The burst of NADH oxidation and oxygen uptake which occurs in phosphate, but not in Tris buffer, was prevented by SOD, catalase, histidine, EDTA, MnCl2 and CuSO4, but not by the hydroxyl radical quenchers, ethanol, methanol, formate and mannitol. The burst reaction is of a novel type that requires the polymeric structure of decavanadate for reduction of vanadium which, in presence of traces of H2O2, provides a reactive intermediate that promotes transfer of electrons from NADH to oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kalyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
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Kalyani P, Ramasarma T. Polyvanadate-stimulated NADH oxidation by plasma membranes--the need for a mixture of deca and meta forms of vanadate. Arch Biochem Biophys 1992; 297:244-52. [PMID: 1497344 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90668-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyvanadate solutions obtained by extracting vanadium pentoxide with dilute alkali over a period of several hours contained increasing amounts of decavanadate as characterized by NMR and ir spectra. Those solutions having a metavanadate:decavanadate ratio in the range of 1-5 showed maximum stimulation of NADH oxidation by rat liver plasma membranes. Reduction of decavanadate, but not metavanadate, was obtained only in the presence of the plasma membrane enzyme system. High simulation of activity of NADH oxidation was obtained with a mixture of the two forms of vanadate and this further increased on lowering the pH. Addition of increasing concentrations of decavanadate to metavanadate and vice versa increased the stimulatory activity, reaching a maximum when the metavanadate:decavanadate ratio was in the range of 1-5. Increased stimulatory activity can also be obtained by reaching these ratios by conversion of decavanadate to metavanadate by alkaline phosphate degradation, and of metavanadate to decavanadate by acidification. These studies show for the first time that both deca and meta forms of vanadate present in polyvanadate solutions are needed for maximum activity of NADH oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kalyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
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Abstract
The oxidation of NADH and accompanying reduction of oxygen to H2O2 stimulated by polyvanadate was markedly inhibited by SOD and cytochrome c. The presence of decavanadate, the polymeric form, is necessary for obtaining the microsomal enzyme-catalyzed activity. The accompanying activity of reduction of cytochrome c was found to be SOD-insensitive and therefore does not represent superoxide formation. The reduction of cytochrome c by vanadyl sulfate was also SOD-insensitive. In the presence of H2O2, all the forms of vanadate were able to oxidize reduced cytochrome c, which was sensitive to mannitol, tris and also catalase, indicating H2O2-dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals. Using ESR and spin trapping technique only hydroxyl radicals, but not superoxide anion radicals, were detected during polyvanadate-dependent NADH oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kalyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
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