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Habib JR, Rompen IF, Kaslow SR, Grewal M, Andel PCM, Zhang S, Hewitt DB, Cohen SM, van Santvoort HC, Besselink MG, Molenaar IQ, He J, Wolfgang CL, Javed AA, Daamen LA. Defining the Minimal and Optimal Thresholds for Lymph Node Resection and Examination for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Derived Pancreatic Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis. Ann Surg 2024:00000658-990000000-00839. [PMID: 38606874 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000006295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish minimal and optimal lymphadenectomy thresholds for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and evaluate their prognostic value. BACKGROUND Current guidelines recommend a minimum of 12-15 lymph nodes (LNs) in PDAC. This is largely based on pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)-derived PDAC, a biologically distinct entity from IPMN-derived PDAC. METHODS Multicenter retrospective study including consecutive patients undergoing upfront surgery for IPMN-derived PDAC was conducted. The minimum cut-off for lymphadenectomy was defined as the maximum number of LNs where a significant node positivity difference was observed. Maximally selected log-rank statistic was used to derive the optimal lymphadenectomy cut-off (maximize survival). Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to analyze overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariable Cox-regression was used to determine hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS In 341 patients with resected IPMN-derived PDAC, the minimum number of LNs needed to ensure accurate nodal staging was 10 (P=0.040), whereas ≥20 LNs was the optimal number associated with improved OS (80.3 vs. 37.2 mo, P<0.001). Optimal lymphadenectomy was associated with improved OS [HR:0.57 (95%CI 0.39-0.83)] and RFS [HR:0.70 (95%CI 0.51-0.97)] on multivariable Cox-regression. On sub-analysis the optimal lymphadenectomy cut-offs for pancreatoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, and total pancreatectomy were 20 (P<0.001), 23 (P=0.160), and 25 (P=0.008). CONCLUSION In IPMN-derived PDAC, lymphadenectomy with at least 10 lymph nodes mitigates under-staging, and at least 20 lymph nodes is associated with the improved survival. Specifically, for pancreatoduodenectomy and total pancreatectomy, 20 and 25 lymph nodes were the optimal cut-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Habib
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
- Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center & St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Department of Surgery, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ingmar F Rompen
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah R Kaslow
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
| | - Mahip Grewal
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
| | - Paul C M Andel
- Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center & St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Department of Surgery, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, Department of Surgery, Baltimore, USA
| | - D Brock Hewitt
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
| | - Steven M Cohen
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
| | - Hjalmar C van Santvoort
- Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center & St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Department of Surgery, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc G Besselink
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I Quintus Molenaar
- Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center & St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Department of Surgery, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jin He
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, Department of Surgery, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Ammar A Javed
- New York University Langone Health, Department of Surgery, New York, USA
| | - Lois A Daamen
- Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center & St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Department of Surgery, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Division of Imaging and Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Haring MPD, Elfrink AKE, Oudmaijer CAJ, Andel PCM, Furumaya A, de Jong N, Willems CJJM, Huits T, Sijmons JML, Belt EJT, Bosscha K, Consten ECJ, Coolsen MME, van Duijvendijk P, Erdmann JI, Gobardhan P, de Haas RJ, van Heek T, Lam H, Leclercq WKG, Liem MSL, Marsman HA, Patijn GA, Terkivatan T, Zonderhuis BM, Molenaar IQ, te Riele WW, Hagendoorn J, Schaapherder AFM, IJzermans JNM, Buis CI, Klaase JM, de Jong KP, de Meijer VE. A nationwide assessment of hepatocellular adenoma resection: Indications and pathological discordance. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e2110. [PMID: 36324268 PMCID: PMC9827973 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are benign liver tumors associated with bleeding or malignant transformation. Data on the indication for surgery are scarce. We analyzed indications and outcome of patients operated for HCAs < 50 mm compared to HCAs ≥ 50 mm. Changes in final postoperative diagnosis were assessed. We performed a retrospective study that included patients who underwent resection for (suspected) HCAs in the Netherlands from 2014 to 2019. Indication for resection was analyzed and stratified for small (<50 mm) and large (≥50 mm) tumors. Logistic regression analysis was performed on factors influencing change in tumor diagnosis. Out of 222 patients who underwent surgery, 44 (20%) patients had a tumor <50 mm. Median age was 46 (interquartile range [IQR], 33-56) years in patients with small tumors and 37 (IQR, 31-46) years in patients with large tumors ( p = 0.016). Patients with small tumors were more frequently men (21% vs. 5%, p = 0.002). Main indications for resection in patients with small tumors were suspicion of (pre)malignancy (55%), (previous) bleeding (14%), and male sex (11%). Patients with large tumors received operations because of tumor size >50 mm (52%), suspicion of (pre)malignancy (28%), and (previous) bleeding (5.1%). No difference was observed in HCA-subtype distribution between small and large tumors. Ninety-six (43%) patients had a postoperative change in diagnosis. Independent risk factors for change in diagnosis were tumor size <50 mm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.4; p < 0.01), male sex (aOR, 3.7; p = 0.03), and lack of hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) (aOR, 1.8; p = 0.04). Resection for small (suspected) HCAs was mainly indicated by suspicion of (pre)malignancy, whereas for large (suspected) HCAs, tumor size was the most prevalent indication. Male sex, tumor size <50 mm, and lack of hepatobiliary CE-MRI were independent risk factors for postoperative change in tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn P. D. Haring
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur K. E. Elfrink
- Scientific Bureau, Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Christiaan A. J. Oudmaijer
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul C. M. Andel
- Department of Surgery, Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, Utrecht Medical Center Utrecht and St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alicia Furumaya
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nenke de Jong
- Department of Surgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Colin J. J. M. Willems
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs Huits
- Department of Surgery, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eric J. T. Belt
- Department of Surgery, Albert Sweitzer Ziekenhuis, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Koop Bosscha
- Department of Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, ‘s‐Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - Esther C. J. Consten
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Meander Medisch Centrum, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle M. E. Coolsen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van Duijvendijk
- Department of Surgery, Gelre Ziekenhuis, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Isala Klinieken, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Joris I. Erdmann
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Gobardhan
- Department of Surgery, Amphia Ziekenhuis, Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert J. de Haas
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tjarda van Heek
- Department of Surgery, Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei, Ede, the Netherlands
| | - Hwai‐Ding Lam
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, University of Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mike S. L. Liem
- Department of Surgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Hendrik A. Marsman
- Department of Surgery, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs A. Patijn
- Department of Surgery, Isala Klinieken, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Türkan Terkivatan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Babs M. Zonderhuis
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Izaak Quintus Molenaar
- Department of Surgery, Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, Utrecht Medical Center Utrecht and St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter W. te Riele
- Department of Surgery, Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, Utrecht Medical Center Utrecht and St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hagendoorn
- Department of Surgery, Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, Utrecht Medical Center Utrecht and St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan N. M. IJzermans
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn I. Buis
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost M. Klaase
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Koert P. de Jong
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent E. de Meijer
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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de Loos ER, Andel PCM, Daemen JHT, Maessen JG, Hulsewé KWE, Vissers YLJ. Safety and feasibility of rigid fixation by SternaLock Blu plates during the modified Ravitch procedure: a pilot study. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:2952-2958. [PMID: 34164186 PMCID: PMC8182503 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with anterior chest wall deformities unsuitable for minimally invasive repair are commonly treated by the modified Ravitch procedure. Although rigid plate fixation of the sternal osteotomy has previously shown to facilitate adequate sternal union, its use is troubled by an implant removal rate of up to 23% due to local complaints or complications associated with bulky plates. In contrast, the use of thinner and therefore biomechanically weaker plates may result in a higher incidence of non- or mal-union. In this pilot study, we evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of rigid sternal fixation by thin pre-shaped anatomical locking plates during the modified Ravitch procedure. Methods Between June 2018 and December 2019, all consecutive patients who underwent anterior chest wall deformity repair by the modified Ravitch procedure in our tertiary referral centre were included. Data was collected retrospectively. All pectus types were included. The sternal osteotomy was fixated using thin SternaLock Blu plates. Patients were followed for at least one year. Results Nine patients were included. The group consisted of six male and three female patients, with a median age of 20 years [interquartile range (IQR), 16–35 years]. Median duration of follow-up was 25 months (IQR, 16–28 months). No intraoperative complications occurred. No patients presented with symptomatic non- or mal-union. Plate removal was performed in one patient for atypical pain without relief. No other postoperative complications occurred. Conclusions Based on these pilot results, thin SternaLock Blu plates are deemed to be safe and effective in providing adequate rigid fixation of the sternal osteotomy during the modified Ravitch procedure. Compared to literature, the need for plate removal within 25 months after surgery was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik R de Loos
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C M Andel
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean H T Daemen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos G Maessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karel W E Hulsewé
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne L J Vissers
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Background Xiphodynia is a rare musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain at the lower anterior chest or epigastric region. Treatment options include oral analgesics, local injection with analgesic or laser therapy. Yet, these often provide only short-term symptom relieve. A definite reduction in pain sensation might be achieved by performing a xiphoidectomy, though studies on its safety and efficacy are scarce. In the current single-centre study the outcomes of xiphoidectomy for xiphodynia are retrospectively assessed. Methods All patients undergoing xiphoidectomy for xiphodynia between April 2013 and February 2020 at Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, the Netherlands, were included in this case series. Pain scores using the Numeric Rating Scale were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively and submitted to the Wilcoxon signed rank test. A clinically significant improvement was defined as a 2-point decrease in Numeric Rating Scale score. In addition, surgical outcomes, including complications and duration of surgery were extracted from the patient records. Results A total of 19 patients underwent xiphoidectomy for xiphodynia. The follow-up ranged from 1 to 83 months. Seventeen out of 19 patients showed a clinically relevant improvement in Numeric Rating Scale pain scores where the overall pain scores also revealed a statistically significant decrease from 8 (interquartile range, 7–8) to 0 (interquartile range, 0–0; P<0.001) after surgery. Median procedure time was 29 minutes (interquartile range, 24–38 minutes) and no postoperative complications occurred. Conclusions Xiphoidectomy for xiphodynia is a safe and effective surgical procedure with good outcomes on pain relief. Though, future comparative studies are urged to elucidate its value among other treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel J A M Bakens
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C M Andel
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean H T Daemen
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karel W E Hulsewé
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne L J Vissers
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik R de Loos
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
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