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Prorok P, Wolf E, Cardoso MC. Timeless-Tipin interactions with MCM and RPA mediate DNA replication stress response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1346534. [PMID: 38487270 PMCID: PMC10939015 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1346534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The accuracy of replication is one of the most important mechanisms ensuring the stability of the genome. The fork protection complex prevents premature replisome stalling and/or premature disassembly upon stress. Here, we characterize the Timeless-Tipin complex, a component of the fork protection complex. We used microscopy approaches, including colocalization analysis and proximity ligation assay, to investigate the spatial localization of the complex during ongoing replication in human cells. Taking advantage of the replication stress induction and the ensuing polymerase-helicase uncoupling, we characterized the Timeless-Tipin localization within the replisome. Replication stress was induced using hydroxyurea (HU) and aphidicolin (APH). While HU depletes the substrate for DNA synthesis, APH binds directly inside the catalytic pocket of DNA polymerase and inhibits its activity. Our data revealed that the Timeless-Tipin complex, independent of the stress, remains bound on chromatin upon stress induction and progresses together with the replicative helicase. This is accompanied by the spatial dissociation of the complex from the blocked replication machinery. Additionally, after stress induction, Timeless interaction with RPA, which continuously accumulates on ssDNA, was increased. Taken together, the Timeless-Tipin complex acts as a universal guardian of the mammalian replisome in an unperturbed S-phase progression as well as during replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Prorok
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (IMP), Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Cristina Cardoso
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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2
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Castellano CM, Lacroix L, Mathis E, Prorok P, Hennion M, Lopez-Rubio JJ, Méchali M, Gomes A. The genetic landscape of origins of replication in P. falciparum. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:660-676. [PMID: 38038269 PMCID: PMC10810204 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Various origin mapping approaches have enabled genome-wide identification of origins of replication (ORI) in model organisms, but only a few studies have focused on divergent organisms. By employing three complementary approaches we provide a high-resolution map of ORIs in Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest human malaria parasite. We profiled the distribution of origin of recognition complex (ORC) binding sites by ChIP-seq of two PfORC subunits and mapped active ORIs using NFS and SNS-seq. We show that ORIs lack sequence specificity but are not randomly distributed, and group in clusters. Licensing is biased towards regions of higher GC content and associated with G-quadruplex forming sequences (G4FS). While strong transcription likely enhances firing, active origins are depleted from transcription start sites. Instead, most accumulate in transcriptionally active gene bodies. Single molecule analysis of nanopore reads containing multiple initiation events, which could have only come from individual nuclei, showed a relationship between the replication fork pace and the distance to the nearest origin. While some similarities were drawn with the canonic eukaryote model, the distribution of ORIs in P. falciparum is likely shaped by unique genomic features such as extreme AT-richness-a product of evolutionary pressure imposed by the parasitic lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent Lacroix
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Mathis
- LPHI, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Magali Hennion
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Marcel Méchali
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Rita Gomes
- LPHI, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
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3
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Pabba MK, Ritter C, Chagin VO, Meyer J, Celikay K, Stear JH, Loerke D, Kolobynina K, Prorok P, Schmid AK, Leonhardt H, Rohr K, Cardoso MC. Replisome loading reduces chromatin motion independent of DNA synthesis. eLife 2023; 12:RP87572. [PMID: 37906089 PMCID: PMC10617993 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin has been shown to undergo diffusional motion, which is affected during gene transcription by RNA polymerase activity. However, the relationship between chromatin mobility and other genomic processes remains unclear. Hence, we set out to label the DNA directly in a sequence unbiased manner and followed labeled chromatin dynamics in interphase human cells expressing GFP-tagged proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a cell cycle marker and core component of the DNA replication machinery. We detected decreased chromatin mobility during the S-phase compared to G1 and G2 phases in tumor as well as normal diploid cells using automated particle tracking. To gain insight into the dynamical organization of the genome during DNA replication, we determined labeled chromatin domain sizes and analyzed their motion in replicating cells. By correlating chromatin mobility proximal to the active sites of DNA synthesis, we showed that chromatin motion was locally constrained at the sites of DNA replication. Furthermore, inhibiting DNA synthesis led to increased loading of DNA polymerases. This was accompanied by accumulation of the single-stranded DNA binding protein on the chromatin and activation of DNA helicases further restricting local chromatin motion. We, therefore, propose that it is the loading of replisomes but not their catalytic activity that reduces the dynamics of replicating chromatin segments in the S-phase as well as their accessibility and probability of interactions with other genomic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Ritter
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Vadim O Chagin
- Department of Biology, Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
- Institute of Cytology RASSt. PetersburgRussian Federation
| | - Janis Meyer
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Kerem Celikay
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Jeffrey H Stear
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Dinah Loerke
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of DenverDenverUnited States
| | - Ksenia Kolobynina
- Department of Biology, Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Department of Biology, Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Alice Kristin Schmid
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Karl Rohr
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - M Cristina Cardoso
- Department of Biology, Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
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4
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Prorok P, Forouzanfar F, Murugarren N, Peiffer I, Charton R, Akerman I, Méchali M. Loss of Ezh2 function remodels the DNA replication initiation landscape. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112280. [PMID: 36995935 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In metazoan cells, DNA replication initiates from thousands of genomic loci scattered throughout the genome called DNA replication origins. Origins are strongly associated with euchromatin, particularly open genomic regions such as promoters and enhancers. However, over a third of transcriptionally silent genes are associated with DNA replication initiation. Most of these genes are bound and repressed by the Polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) through the repressive H3K27me3 mark. This is the strongest overlap observed for a chromatin regulator with replication origin activity. Here, we asked whether Polycomb-mediated gene repression is functionally involved in recruiting DNA replication origins to transcriptionally silent genes. We show that the absence of EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2, results in increased DNA replication initiation, specifically in the vicinity of EZH2 binding sites. The increase in DNA replication initiation does not correlate with transcriptional de-repression or the acquisition of activating histone marks but does correlate with loss of H3K27me3 from bivalent promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Prorok
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34090, France.
| | - Faezeh Forouzanfar
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34090, France
| | - Nerea Murugarren
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, UK
| | - Isabelle Peiffer
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34090, France
| | - Romain Charton
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34090, France
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, UK.
| | - Marcel Méchali
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34090, France.
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5
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Miszczak M, Wyleżoł O, Prorok P, Bierowiec K. An unexpected cause of dysuria in a cat in Poland. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:399. [DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Urinary tract infestation by Capillaria spp. in domestic cats is rather rare, but can cause clinical symptoms and affect behaviour. To our knowledge, this report is the first to describe a case of urinary capillariosis in a cat in Poland.
Case presentation
A female formerly stray cat aged about 1.5 years showing dysuria, stranguria, periuria and lethargy was presented at the veterinary clinic. Urinalysis revealed the presence of Capillaria plica eggs in the sediment. The cat was treated successfully with three topical doses of Broadline (Merial, Toulouse, France).
Conclusions
C. plica is a nematode whose definitive hosts are carnivores, which are infected by eating earthworms (the intermediate hosts). Thus, C. plica infestation is more frequent in wild carnivores and dogs, and rare in cats. Symptomatic bladder capillariosis in cats is very rarely diagnosed and described.
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6
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Rausch C, Weber P, Prorok P, Hörl D, Maiser A, Lehmkuhl A, Chagin VO, Casas-Delucchi CS, Leonhardt H, Cardoso MC. Developmental differences in genome replication program and origin activation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 48:12751-12777. [PMID: 33264404 PMCID: PMC7736824 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To ensure error-free duplication of all (epi)genetic information once per cell cycle, DNA replication follows a cell type and developmental stage specific spatio-temporal program. Here, we analyze the spatio-temporal DNA replication progression in (un)differentiated mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells. Whereas telomeres replicate throughout S-phase, we observe mid S-phase replication of (peri)centromeric heterochromatin in mES cells, which switches to late S-phase replication upon differentiation. This replication timing reversal correlates with and depends on an increase in condensation and a decrease in acetylation of chromatin. We further find synchronous duplication of the Y chromosome, marking the end of S-phase, irrespectively of the pluripotency state. Using a combination of single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy, we measure molecular properties of the mES cell replicon, the number of replication foci active in parallel and their spatial clustering. We conclude that each replication nanofocus in mES cells corresponds to an individual replicon, with up to one quarter representing unidirectional forks. Furthermore, with molecular combing and genome-wide origin mapping analyses, we find that mES cells activate twice as many origins spaced at half the distance than somatic cells. Altogether, our results highlight fundamental developmental differences on progression of genome replication and origin activation in pluripotent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathia Rausch
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Patrick Weber
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - David Hörl
- Department of Biology II, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Maiser
- Department of Biology II, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Lehmkuhl
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Vadim O Chagin
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - M Cristina Cardoso
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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7
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Bazlekowa-Karaban M, Prorok P, Baconnais S, Taipakova S, Akishev Z, Zembrzuska D, Popov AV, Endutkin AV, Groisman R, Ishchenko AA, Matkarimov BT, Bissenbaev A, Le Cam E, Zharkov DO, Tudek B, Saparbaev M. Mechanism of stimulation of DNA binding of the transcription factors by human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, APE1. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102698. [PMID: 31518879 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic respiration generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. A number of transcription factors (TFs) contain redox-sensitive cysteine residues at their DNA-binding sites, hence ROS-induced thiol oxidation strongly inhibits their recognition of the cognate DNA sequences. Major human apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 1 (APE1/APEX1/HAP-1), referred also as a redox factor 1 (Ref-1), stimulates the DNA binding activities of the oxidized TFs such as AP-1 and NF-κB. Also, APE1 participates in the base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide incision repair (NIR) pathways to remove oxidative DNA base damage. At present, the molecular mechanism underlying the TF-stimulating/redox function of APE1 and its biological role remains disputed. Here, we provide evidence that, instead of direct cysteine reduction in TFs by APE1, APE1-catalyzed NIR and TF-stimulating activities may be based on transient cooperative binding of APE1 to DNA and induction of conformational changes in the helix. The structure of DNA duplex strongly influences NIR and TF-stimulating activities. Homologous plant AP endonucleases lacking conserved cysteine residues stimulate DNA binding of the p50 subunit of NF-κB. APE1 acts synergistically with low-molecular-weight reducing agents on TFs. Finally, APE1 stimulates DNA binding of the redox-insensitive p50-C62S mutant protein. Electron microscopy imaging of APE1 complexes with DNA revealed preferential polymerization of APE1 on the gapped and intrinsically curved DNA duplexes. Molecular modeling offers a structural explanation how full-length APE1 can oligomerize on DNA. In conclusion, we propose that DNA-directed APE1 oligomerization can be regarded as a substitute for diffusion of APE1 along the DNA contour to probe for anisotropic flexibility. APE1 oligomers exacerbate pre-existing distortions in DNA and enable both NIR activity and DNA binding by TFs regardless of their oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Bazlekowa-Karaban
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS - University of Montpellier, Replication and Genome Dynamics, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France
| | - Sonia Baconnais
- CNRS UMR8126, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Sabira Taipakova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 0530040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhiger Akishev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 0530040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dominika Zembrzuska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alexander V Popov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton V Endutkin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Regina Groisman
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Alexander A Ishchenko
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Bakhyt T Matkarimov
- National laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Amangeldy Bissenbaev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 0530040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Eric Le Cam
- CNRS UMR8126, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Dmitry O Zharkov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Murat Saparbaev
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.
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8
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Prorok P, Artufel M, Aze A, Coulombe P, Peiffer I, Lacroix L, Guédin A, Mergny JL, Damaschke J, Schepers A, Cayrou C, Teulade-Fichou MP, Ballester B, Méchali M. Involvement of G-quadruplex regions in mammalian replication origin activity. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3274. [PMID: 31332171 PMCID: PMC6646384 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide studies of DNA replication origins revealed that origins preferentially associate with an Origin G-rich Repeated Element (OGRE), potentially forming G-quadruplexes (G4). Here, we functionally address their requirements for DNA replication initiation in a series of independent approaches. Deletion of the OGRE/G4 sequence strongly decreased the corresponding origin activity. Conversely, the insertion of an OGRE/G4 element created a new replication origin. This element also promoted replication of episomal EBV vectors lacking the viral origin, but not if the OGRE/G4 sequence was deleted. A potent G4 ligand, PhenDC3, stabilized G4s but did not alter the global origin activity. However, a set of new, G4-associated origins was created, whereas suppressed origins were largely G4-free. In vitro Xenopus laevis replication systems showed that OGRE/G4 sequences are involved in the activation of DNA replication, but not in the pre-replication complex formation. Altogether, these results converge to the functional importance of OGRE/G4 elements in DNA replication initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Prorok
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Antoine Aze
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Coulombe
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Peiffer
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Lacroix
- Balasubramanian group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Aurore Guédin
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), Pessac, 33607, France.,Institut Curie, CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Universite Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Julia Damaschke
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistraße 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Aloys Schepers
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistraße 25, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility & Research Group, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christelle Cayrou
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille 27 Boulevard Lei Roure, 13273, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Marcel Méchali
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier, France.
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9
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Brustel J, Kirstein N, Izard F, Grimaud C, Prorok P, Cayrou C, Schotta G, Abdelsamie AF, Déjardin J, Méchali M, Baldacci G, Sardet C, Cadoret JC, Schepers A, Julien E. Histone H4K20 tri-methylation at late-firing origins ensures timely heterochromatin replication. EMBO J 2017; 36:2726-2741. [PMID: 28778956 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201796541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Among other targets, the protein lysine methyltransferase PR-Set7 induces histone H4 lysine 20 monomethylation (H4K20me1), which is the substrate for further methylation by the Suv4-20h methyltransferase. Although these enzymes have been implicated in control of replication origins, the specific contribution of H4K20 methylation to DNA replication remains unclear. Here, we show that H4K20 mutation in mammalian cells, unlike in Drosophila, partially impairs S-phase progression and protects from DNA re-replication induced by stabilization of PR-Set7. Using Epstein-Barr virus-derived episomes, we further demonstrate that conversion of H4K20me1 to higher H4K20me2/3 states by Suv4-20h is not sufficient to define an efficient origin per se, but rather serves as an enhancer for MCM2-7 helicase loading and replication activation at defined origins. Consistent with this, we find that Suv4-20h-mediated H4K20 tri-methylation (H4K20me3) is required to sustain the licensing and activity of a subset of ORCA/LRWD1-associated origins, which ensure proper replication timing of late-replicating heterochromatin domains. Altogether, these results reveal Suv4-20h-mediated H4K20 tri-methylation as a critical determinant in the selection of active replication initiation sites in heterochromatin regions of mammalian genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Brustel
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Institut Régional du Cancer (ICM), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nina Kirstein
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fanny Izard
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Institut Régional du Cancer (ICM), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Grimaud
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Institut Régional du Cancer (ICM), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Jérôme Déjardin
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marcel Méchali
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Giuseppe Baldacci
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592, CNRS and University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Claude Sardet
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Institut Régional du Cancer (ICM), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Charles Cadoret
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592, CNRS and University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Aloys Schepers
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Eric Julien
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Institut Régional du Cancer (ICM), Montpellier, France .,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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10
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Zdżalik D, Domańska A, Prorok P, Kosicki K, van den Born E, Falnes PØ, Rizzo CJ, Guengerich FP, Tudek B. Differential repair of etheno-DNA adducts by bacterial and human AlkB proteins. DNA Repair (Amst) 2015; 30:1-10. [PMID: 25797601 PMCID: PMC4451939 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AlkB proteins are evolutionary conserved Fe(II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, which remove alkyl and highly promutagenic etheno(ɛ)-DNA adducts, but their substrate specificity has not been fully determined. We developed a novel assay for the repair of ɛ-adducts by AlkB enzymes using oligodeoxynucleotides with a single lesion and specific DNA glycosylases and AP-endonuclease for identification of the repair products. We compared the repair of three ɛ-adducts, 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine (ɛA), 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine (ɛC) and 1,N(2)-ethenoguanine (1,N(2)-ɛG) by nine bacterial and two human AlkBs, representing four different structural groups defined on the basis of conserved amino acids in the nucleotide recognition lid, engaged in the enzyme binding to the substrate. Two bacterial AlkB proteins, MT-2B (from Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and SC-2B (Streptomyces coelicolor) did not repair these lesions in either double-stranded (ds) or single-stranded (ss) DNA. Three proteins, RE-2A (Rhizobium etli), SA-2B (Streptomyces avermitilis), and XC-2B (Xanthomonas campestris) efficiently removed all three lesions from the DNA substrates. Interestingly, XC-2B and RE-2A are the first AlkB proteins shown to be specialized for ɛ-adducts, since they do not repair methylated bases. Three other proteins, EcAlkB (Escherichia coli), SA-1A, and XC-1B removed ɛA and ɛC from ds and ssDNA but were inactive toward 1,N(2)-ɛG. SC-1A repaired only ɛA with the preference for dsDNA. The human enzyme ALKBH2 repaired all three ɛ-adducts in dsDNA, while only ɛA and ɛC in ssDNA and repair was less efficient in ssDNA. ALKBH3 repaired only ɛC in ssDNA. Altogether, we have shown for the first time that some AlkB proteins, namely ALKBH2, RE-2A, SA-2B and XC-2B can repair 1,N(2)-ɛG and that ALKBH3 removes only ɛC from ssDNA. Our results also suggest that the nucleotide recognition lid is not the sole determinant of the substrate specificity of AlkB proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Zdżalik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Domańska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Konrad Kosicki
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Pål Ø Falnes
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmelo J Rizzo
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Joldybayeva B, Prorok P, Grin IR, Zharkov DO, Ishenko AA, Tudek B, Bissenbaev AK, Saparbaev M. Cloning and characterization of a wheat homologue of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease Ape1L. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92963. [PMID: 24667595 PMCID: PMC3965494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are key DNA repair enzymes involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. In BER, an AP endonuclease cleaves DNA at AP sites and 3'-blocking moieties generated by DNA glycosylases and/or oxidative damage. A Triticum aestivum cDNA encoding for a putative homologue of ExoIII family AP endonucleases which includes E. coli Xth, human APE1 and Arabidopsis thaliana AtApe1L has been isolated and its protein product purified and characterized. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We report that the putative wheat AP endonuclease, referred here as TaApe1L, contains AP endonuclease, 3'-repair phosphodiesterase, 3'-phosphatase and 3' → 5' exonuclease activities. Surprisingly, in contrast to bacterial and human AP endonucleases, addition of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) (5-10 mM) to the reaction mixture inhibited TaApe1L whereas the presence of Mn(2+), Co(2+) and Fe(2+) cations (0.1-1.0 mM) strongly stimulated all its DNA repair activities. Optimization of the reaction conditions revealed that the wheat enzyme requires low divalent cation concentration (0.1 mM), mildly acidic pH (6-7), low ionic strength (20 mM KCl) and has a temperature optimum at around 20 °C. The steady-state kinetic parameters of enzymatic reactions indicate that TaApe1L removes 3'-blocking sugar-phosphate and 3'-phosphate groups with good efficiency (kcat/KM = 630 and 485 μM(-1) · min(-1), respectively) but possesses a very weak AP endonuclease activity as compared to the human homologue, APE1. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these data establish the DNA substrate specificity of the wheat AP endonuclease and suggest its possible role in the repair of DNA damage generated by endogenous and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botagoz Joldybayeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Paulina Prorok
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Inga R. Grin
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry O. Zharkov
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Ishenko
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Amangeldy K. Bissenbaev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- * E-mail: (MS); (AKB)
| | - Murat Saparbaev
- Groupe «Réparation de l'ADN», CNRS UMR8200, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- * E-mail: (MS); (AKB)
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12
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Prorok P, Saint-Pierre C, Gasparutto D, Fedorova OS, Ishchenko AA, Leh H, Buckle M, Tudek B, Saparbaev M. Highly mutagenic exocyclic DNA adducts are substrates for the human nucleotide incision repair pathway. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51776. [PMID: 23251620 PMCID: PMC3522590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen free radicals induce lipid peroxidation (LPO) that damages and breaks polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes. LPO-derived aldehydes and hydroxyalkenals react with DNA leading to the formation of etheno(ε)-bases including 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine (εA) and 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine (εC). The εA and εC residues are highly mutagenic in mammalian cells and eliminated in the base excision repair (BER) pathway and/or by AlkB family proteins in the direct damage reversal process. BER initiated by DNA glycosylases is thought to be the major pathway for the removal of non-bulky endogenous base damage. Alternatively, in the nucleotide incision repair (NIR) pathway, the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases can directly incise DNA duplex 5' to a damaged base in a DNA glycosylase-independent manner. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we have characterized the substrate specificity of human major AP endonuclease 1, APE1, towards εA, εC, thymine glycol (Tg) and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) residues when present in duplex DNA. APE1 cleaves oligonucleotide duplexes containing εA, εC and Tg, but not those containing 8oxoG. Activity depends strongly on sequence context. The apparent kinetic parameters of the reactions suggest that APE1 has a high affinity for DNA containing ε-bases but cleaves DNA duplexes at an extremely slow rate. Consistent with this observation, oligonucleotide duplexes containing an ε-base strongly inhibit AP site nicking activity of APE1 with IC(50) values in the range of 5-10 nM. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the reaction products demonstrated that APE1-catalyzed cleavage of εA•T and εC•G duplexes generates, as expected, DNA fragments containing 5'-terminal ε-base residue. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The fact that ε-bases and Tg in duplex DNA are recognized and cleaved by APE1 in vitro, suggests that NIR may act as a backup pathway to BER to remove a large variety of genotoxic base lesions in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Prorok
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Janowska B, Kurpios-Piec D, Prorok P, Szparecki G, Komisarski M, Kowalczyk P, Janion C, Tudek B. Role of damage-specific DNA polymerases in M13 phage mutagenesis induced by a major lipid peroxidation product trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Mutat Res 2011; 729:41-51. [PMID: 22001238 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the major lipid peroxidation products trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), forms cyclic propano- or ethenoadducts bearing six- or seven-carbon atom side chains to G>C≫A>T. To specify the role of SOS DNA polymerases in HNE-induced mutations, we tested survival and mutation spectra in the lacZα gene of M13mp18 phage, whose DNA was treated in vitro with HNE, and which was grown in uvrA(-)Escherichia coli strains, carrying one, two or all three SOS DNA polymerases. When Pol IV was the only DNA SOS polymerase in the bacterial host, survival of HNE-treated M13 DNA was similar to, but mutation frequency was lower than in the strain containing all SOS DNA polymerases. When only Pol II or Pol V were present in host bacteria, phage survival decreased dramatically. Simultaneously, mutation frequency was substantially increased, but exclusively in the strain carrying only Pol V, suggesting that induction of mutations by HNE is mainly dependent on Pol V. To determine the role of Pol II and Pol IV in HNE induced mutagenesis, Pol II or Pol IV were expressed together with Pol V. This resulted in decrease of mutation frequency, suggesting that both enzymes can compete with Pol V, and bypass HNE-DNA adducts in an error-free manner. However, HNE-DNA adducts were easily bypassed by Pol IV and only infrequently by Pol II. Mutation spectrum established for strains expressing only Pol V, showed that in uvrA(-) bacteria the frequency of base substitutions and recombination increased in relation to NER proficient strains, particularly mutations at adenine sites. Among base substitutions A:T→C:G, A:T→G:C, G:C→A:T and G:C→T:A prevailed. The results suggest that Pol V can infrequently bypass HNE-DNA adducts inducing mutations at G, C and A sites, while bypass by Pol IV and Pol II is error-free, but for Pol II infrequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Janowska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Buys SS, Partridge E, Black A, Johnson C, Lamerato L, Isaacs C, Reding D, Greenlee R, Kessel B, Fouad M, Chia D, Ragard L, Rathmell J, Hartge P, Pinsky P, Izmirlian G, Xu J, Prorok P, Berg CD. Effect of screening on ovarian cancer mortality in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer randomized screening trial. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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15
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Janowska B, Komisarski M, Prorok P, Sokołowska B, Kuśmierek J, Janion C, Tudek B. Nucleotide excision repair and recombination are engaged in repair of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal adducts to DNA bases in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:611-20. [PMID: 19834545 PMCID: PMC2757579 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major products of lipid peroxidation is trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). HNE forms highly mutagenic and genotoxic adducts to all DNA bases. Using M13 phage lacZ system, we studied the mutagenesis and repair of HNE treated phage DNA in E. coli wild-type or uvrA, recA, and mutL mutants. These studies revealed that: (i) nucleotide excision and recombination, but not mismatch repair, are engaged in repair of HNE adducts when present in phage DNA replicating in E. coli strains; (ii) in the single uvrA mutant, phage survival was drastically decreased while mutation frequency increased, and recombination events constituted 48 % of all mutations; (iii) in the single recA mutant, the survival and mutation frequency of HNE-modified M13 phage was slightly elevated in comparison to that in the wild-type bacteria. The majority of mutations in recA- strain were G:C → T:A transversions, occurring within the sequence which in recA+ strains underwent RecA-mediated recombination, and the entire sequence was deleted; (iv) in the double uvrA recA mutant, phage survival was the same as in the wild-type although the mutation frequency was higher than in the wild-type and recA single mutant, but lower than in the single uvrA mutant. The majority of mutations found in the latter strain were base substitutions, with G:C → A:T transitions prevailing. These transitions could have resulted from high reactivity of HNE with G and C, and induction of SOS-independent mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Janowska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Pinsky PF, Miller A, Kramer BS, Church T, Reding D, Prorok P, Gelmann E, Schoen RE, Buys S, Hayes RB, Berg CD. Evidence of a healthy volunteer effect in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 165:874-81. [PMID: 17244633 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwk075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volunteers for prevention or screening trials are generally healthier and have lower mortality than the general population. The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) is an ongoing, multicenter, randomized trial that randomized 155,000 men and women aged 55-74 years to a screening or control arm between 1993 and 2001. The authors compared demographics, mortality rates, and cancer incidence and survival rates of PLCO subjects during the early phase of the trial with those of the US population. Incidence and mortality from PLCO cancers (prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian) were excluded because they are the subject of the ongoing trial. Standardized mortality ratios for all-cause mortality were 46 for men, 38 for women, and 43 overall (100 = standard). Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios were 56 for cancer, 37 for cardiovascular disease, and 34 for both respiratory and digestive diseases. Standardized mortality ratios for all-cause mortality increased with time on study from 31 at year 1 to 48 at year 7. Adjusting the PLCO population to a standardized demographic distribution would increase the standardized mortality ratio only modestly to 54 for women and 55 for men. Standardized incidence ratios for all cancer were 84 in women and 73 in men, with a large range of standardized incidence ratios observed for specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Pinsky
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Hartge P, Hayes R, Reding D, Sherman ME, Prorok P, Schiffman M, Buys S. Complex ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not associated with ovarian cancer risk factors: preliminary data from the prostate, lung, colon, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 183:1232-7. [PMID: 11084571 DOI: 10.1067/mob.2000.107401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed whether asymptomatic ovarian abnormalities detected on ultrasonography in postmenopausal women are precursors to ovarian cancer. STUDY DESIGN We compared the transvaginal ultrasonographic findings from the initial examination of 20,000 postmenopausal women enrolled to date in an ongoing randomized trial of cancer screening with data on the established risk factors for ovarian cancer obtained from self-administered questionnaires. We distinguished cysts with the suggestive characteristic(s) of a septum, a solid component, or an irregular or thick wall ("complex cysts") from simple sonolucent cysts with none of those features. RESULTS High parity, a strong ovarian cancer protective factor, was negatively associated with complex cysts (odds ratio for > or =5 births vs no births, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.53-0.97), but long-term oral contraceptive use, another strong ovarian cancer protective factor, was not associated with complex cysts (odds ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-1.20). A family history of ovarian cancer or multiple breast cancers, a strong risk factor for cancer, was not associated with complex cysts (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.44). Other abnormalities found on ultrasonography (including simple cysts, bilateral cysts, or all abnormalities combined) also did not share the established risk factors for ovarian malignancy. We did not identify any combination of features of abnormalities (septum, echogenicity, size, or papillary projections) that manifested the cancer risk factor profile. CONCLUSIONS Although a very small proportion of the clinically silent ovarian abnormalities found on ultrasonography are determined to be ovarian cancers, the remaining complex cysts and other clinically suspicious abnormalities do not appear to be the immediate precursors of ovarian cancer. The eventual identification of such precursors will yield opportunities for earlier diagnosis, screening of high-risk groups, and better understanding of the cause of this often lethal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hartge
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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18
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Hartge P, Hayes R, Sherman M, Prorok P, Schiffman M, Reding D, Buys S. Complex ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not associated with ovarian cancer risk factors. Preliminary data from the plco cancer screening trial. Ann Epidemiol 2000; 10:465. [PMID: 11018385 DOI: 10.1016/s1047-2797(00)00160-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE: We assessed whether ovarian abnormalities detected on ultrasound in postmenopausal women are precursors to ovarian cancer.METHODS: We compared the transvaginal ultrasound findings from the initial examination of twenty thousand postmenopausal women enrolled to date in an ongoing randomized trial of cancer screening to data on the established risk factors for ovarian cancer obtained from self-administered questionnaires. We distinguished cysts with the suspicious characteristics of a septum, solid component, irregular or thick wall ("complex cysts") from simple sonolucent cysts with none of those features.RESULTS: High parity, protective for cancer, was negatively associated with complex cysts (Odds Ratio ["OR"] for five or more births versus no births = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.97), but long-term oral contraceptive use was not (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.76-1.20). A family history of ovarian cancer or multiple breast cancers, a strong risk factor for cancer, was not associated with complex cysts (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.68-1.44). Other abnormalities found on ultrasound (including simple cysts, bilateral cysts, or all abnormalities combined) also did not share the established risk factors for ovarian malignancy. We formed no combination of features of abnormalities (septum, echogenicity, size, or papillary projection) with the cancer risk factor profile.CONCLUSIONS: Although a very small proportion of the clinically silent ovarian abnormalities found on ultrasound are found to be ovarian cancers, the remaining complex cysts and other clinically suspicious abnormalities do not appear to be the immediate precursors of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hartge
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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19
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Prorok P. The National Cancer Institute Multi-Screening Trial. Can J Oncol 1994; 4 Suppl 1:98-9; discussion 100-1. [PMID: 8853500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Prorok
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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20
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Day NE, Baines CJ, Chamberlain J, Hakama M, Miller AB, Prorok P. UICC project on screening for cancer: report of the workshop on screening for breast cancer. Meeting held in Helsinki, Finland, on April 7-9, 1986. Int J Cancer 1986; 38:303-8. [PMID: 3091509 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910380302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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