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Verpoorten S, Sfyri P, Scully D, Mitchell R, Tzimou A, Mougios V, Patel K, Matsakas A. Loss of CD36 protects against diet-induced obesity but results in impaired muscle stem cell function, delayed muscle regeneration and hepatic steatosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13395. [PMID: 31599493 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including impaired skeletal muscle regeneration. Since skeletal muscle regenerative capacity is regulated by satellite cells, we aimed to investigate whether a high-fat diet impairs satellite cell function and whether this is linked to fatty acid uptake via CD36. We also aimed to determine whether loss of CD36 impacts on muscle redox homeostasis and skeletal muscle regenerative capacity. METHODS We studied the impact of a high-fat diet and CD36 deficiency on murine skeletal muscle morphology, redox homeostasis, satellite cell function, bioenergetics and lipid accumulation in the liver. We also determined the effect of CD36 deficiency on skeletal muscle regeneration. RESULTS High-fat diet increased body weight, intramuscular lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in wild-type mice that were significantly mitigated in CD36-deficient mice. High-fat diet and CD36 deficiency independently attenuated satellite cell function on single fibres and myogenic capacity on primary satellite cells. CD36 deficiency resulted in delayed skeletal muscle regeneration following acute injury with cardiotoxin. CD36-deficient and wild-type primary satellite cells had distinct bioenergetic profiles in response to palmitate. High-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis in both genotypes that was more pronounced in the CD36-deficient mice. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CD36 deficiency protects against diet-induced obesity, intramuscular lipid deposition and oxidative stress but results in impaired muscle satellite cell function, delayed muscle regeneration and hepatic steatosis. CD36 is a key mediator of fatty acid uptake in skeletal muscle, linking obesity with satellite cell function and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Verpoorten
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - David Scully
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
| | - Anastasia Tzimou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Thessaloniki Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Vassilis Mougios
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Thessaloniki Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
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Scully D, Sfyri P, Wilkinson HN, Acebes-Huerta A, Verpoorten S, Muñoz-Turrillas MC, Parnell A, Patel K, Hardman MJ, Gutiérrez L, Matsakas A. Optimising platelet secretomes to deliver robust tissue-specific regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 14:82-98. [PMID: 31603629 DOI: 10.1002/term.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Promoting cell proliferation is the cornerstone of most tissue regeneration therapies. As platelet-based applications promote cell division and can be customised for tissue-specific efficacy, this makes them strong candidates for developing novel regenerative therapies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if platelet releasate could be optimised to promote cellular proliferation and differentiation of specific tissues. Growth factors in platelet releasate were profiled for physiological and supraphysiological platelet concentrations. We analysed the effect of physiological and supraphysiological releasate on C2C12 skeletal myoblasts, H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes, human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), HaCaT keratinocytes, and chondrocytes. Cellular proliferation and differentiation were assessed through proliferation assays, mRNA, and protein expression. We show that supraphysiological releasate is not simply a concentrated version of physiological releasate. Physiological releasate promoted C2C12, HDF, and chondrocyte proliferation with no effect on H9C2 or HaCaT cells. Supraphysiological releasate induced stronger proliferation in C2C12 and HDF cells compared with physiological releasate. Importantly, supraphysiological releasate induced proliferation of H9C2 cells. The proliferative effects of skeletal and cardiac muscle cells were in part driven by vascular endothelial growth factor alpha. Furthermore, supraphysiological releasate induced differentiation of H9C2 and C2C12, HDF, and keratinocytes. This study provides insights into the ability of releasate to promote muscle, heart, skin, and cartilage cell proliferation and differentiation and highlights the importance of optimising releasate composition for tissue-specific regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Scully
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Holly N Wilkinson
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Andrea Acebes-Huerta
- Platelet Research Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sandrine Verpoorten
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - María Carmen Muñoz-Turrillas
- Platelet Research Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Centro Comunitario de Sangre y Tejidos, de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrew Parnell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Laura Gutiérrez
- Platelet Research Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombosis & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Scully D, Sfyri P, Verpoorten S, Papadopoulos P, Muñoz‐Turrillas MC, Mitchell R, Aburima A, Patel K, Gutiérrez L, Naseem KM, Matsakas A. Platelet releasate promotes skeletal myogenesis by increasing muscle stem cell commitment to differentiation and accelerates muscle regeneration following acute injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13207. [PMID: 30339324 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The use of platelets as biomaterials has gained intense research interest. However, the mechanisms regarding platelet-mediated skeletal myogenesis remain to be established. The aim of this study was to determine the role of platelet releasate in skeletal myogenesis and muscle stem cell fate in vitro and ex vivo respectively. METHODS We analysed the effect of platelet releasate on proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts by means of cell proliferation assays, immunohistochemistry, gene expression and cell bioenergetics. We expanded in vitro findings on single muscle fibres by determining the effect of platelet releasate on murine skeletal muscle stem cells using protein expression profiles for key myogenic regulatory factors. RESULTS TRAP6 and collagen used for releasate preparation had a more pronounced effect on myoblast proliferation vs thrombin and sonicated platelets (P < 0.05). In addition, platelet concentration positively correlated with myoblast proliferation. Platelet releasate increased myoblast and muscle stem cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, which was mitigated by VEGFR and PDGFR inhibition. Inhibition of VEGFR and PDGFR ablated MyoD expression on proliferating muscle stem cells, compromising their commitment to differentiation in muscle fibres (P < 0.001). Platelet releasate was detrimental to myoblast fusion and affected differentiation of myoblasts in a temporal manner. Most importantly, we show that platelet releasate promotes skeletal myogenesis through the PDGF/VEGF-Cyclin D1-MyoD-Scrib-Myogenin axis and accelerates skeletal muscle regeneration after acute injury. CONCLUSION This study provides novel mechanistic insights on the role of platelet releasate in skeletal myogenesis and set the physiological basis for exploiting platelets as biomaterials in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Scully
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Sandrine Verpoorten
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Petros Papadopoulos
- Department of Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC) Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - María Carmen Muñoz‐Turrillas
- Centro Comunitario de Sangre y Tejidos de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) Oviedo Spain
| | - Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
| | - Ahmed Aburima
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
| | - Laura Gutiérrez
- Department of Medicine Universidad de Oviedo and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) Oviedo Spain
| | - Khalid M. Naseem
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull UK
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Williams HF, Mellows BA, Mitchell R, Sfyri P, Layfield HJ, Salamah M, Vaiyapuri R, Collins-Hooper H, Bicknell AB, Matsakas A, Patel K, Vaiyapuri S. Mechanisms underpinning the permanent muscle damage induced by snake venom metalloprotease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007041. [PMID: 30695027 PMCID: PMC6368331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakebite is a major neglected tropical health issue that affects over 5 million people worldwide resulting in around 1.8 million envenomations and 100,000 deaths each year. Snakebite envenomation also causes innumerable morbidities, specifically loss of limbs as a result of excessive tissue/muscle damage. Snake venom metalloproteases (SVMPs) are a predominant component of viper venoms, and are involved in the degradation of basement membrane proteins (particularly collagen) surrounding the tissues around the bite site. Although their collagenolytic properties have been established, the molecular mechanisms through which SVMPs induce permanent muscle damage are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate the purification and characterisation of an SVMP from a viper (Crotalus atrox) venom. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that this protein is most likely to be a group III metalloprotease (showing high similarity to VAP2A) and has been referred to as CAMP (Crotalus atrox metalloprotease). CAMP displays both collagenolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities and inhibits CRP-XL-induced platelet aggregation. To determine its effects on muscle damage, CAMP was administered into the tibialis anterior muscle of mice and its actions were compared with cardiotoxin I (a three-finger toxin) from an elapid snake (Naja pallida) venom. Extensive immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that CAMP significantly damages skeletal muscles by attacking the collagen scaffold and other important basement membrane proteins, and prevents their regeneration through disrupting the functions of satellite cells. In contrast, cardiotoxin I destroys skeletal muscle by damaging the plasma membrane, but does not impact regeneration due to its inability to affect the extracellular matrix. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the mechanisms through which SVMPs induce permanent muscle damage. Snakebite is a major neglected tropical disease that affects thousands of people in the rural areas of developing countries. As well as the deaths, snakebites result in a significant number of disabilities including permanent loss of limbs that alter the lifestyle of the victims. Snake venom is a mixture of different proteins with diverse functions; one of these major protein groups present in viper venoms are metalloproteases that primarily induce muscle damage. The mechanisms behind the development of snakebite (metalloprotease)-induced permanent muscle damage are poorly studied. Here, we have purified a metalloprotease (CAMP) from the venom of the Western diamondback rattlesnake, and characterised its function in mice. To determine the actions of CAMP in the development of permanent muscle damage, it was injected into the muscle of mice in a parallel comparison with cardiotoxin I (from the venom of the Red spitting cobra). The effects of these proteins on muscle regeneration were analysed at 5 and 10 days after injection. The results demonstrate that through a combination of effects on the structural scaffolds surrounding the tissues, blood vessels and regeneration, CAMP significantly affects the muscles, thereby leading to permanent muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ben A. Mellows
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | - Maryam Salamah
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrew B. Bicknell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (KP); (SV)
| | - Sakthivel Vaiyapuri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (KP); (SV)
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Sfyri P, Matsakas A. Crossroads between peripheral atherosclerosis, western-type diet and skeletal muscle pathophysiology: emphasis on apolipoprotein E deficiency and peripheral arterial disease. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:42. [PMID: 28688452 PMCID: PMC5502081 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process that, in the presence of hyperlipidaemia, promotes the formation of atheromatous plaques in large vessels of the cardiovascular system. It also affects peripheral arteries with major implications for a number of other non-vascular tissues such as the skeletal muscle, the liver and the kidney. The aim of this review is to critically discuss and assimilate current knowledge on the impact of peripheral atherosclerosis and its implications on skeletal muscle homeostasis. Accumulating data suggests that manifestations of peripheral atherosclerosis in skeletal muscle originates in a combination of increased i)-oxidative stress, ii)-inflammation, iii)-mitochondrial deficits, iv)-altered myofibre morphology and fibrosis, v)-chronic ischemia followed by impaired oxygen supply, vi)-reduced capillary density, vii)- proteolysis and viii)-apoptosis. These structural, biochemical and pathophysiological alterations impact on skeletal muscle metabolic and physiologic homeostasis and its capacity to generate force, which further affects the individual's quality of life. Particular emphasis is given on two major areas representing basic and applied science respectively: a)-the abundant evidence from a well-recognised atherogenic model; the Apolipoprotein E deficient mouse and the role of a western-type diet and b)-on skeletal myopathy and oxidative stress-induced myofibre damage from human studies on peripheral arterial disease. A significant source of reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease is the family of NADPH oxidases that contribute to several pathologies. Finally, strategies targeting NADPH oxidases in skeletal muscle in an attempt to attenuate cellular oxidative stress are highlighted, providing a better understanding of the crossroads between peripheral atherosclerosis and skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
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Sfyri P, Narkar V, Matsakas A. Regulation of skeletal muscle metabolic and angiogenic properties by nuclear hormone receptors: Implications for skeletal muscle regeneration. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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