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Zang J, Peters F, Cambet Y, Cifuentes-Pagano E, Hissabu MMS, Dustin CM, Svensson LH, Olesen MM, Poulsen MFL, Jacobsen S, Tuelung PS, Narayanan D, Langkilde AE, Gajhede M, Pagano PJ, Jaquet V, Vilhardt F, Bach A. Targeting NOX2 with Bivalent Small-Molecule p47phox-p22phox Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14963-15005. [PMID: 37857466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase isoform 2 (NOX2) is an enzymatic complex whose function is the regulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). NOX2 activity is central to redox signaling events and antibacterial response, but excessive ROS production by NOX2 leads to oxidative stress and inflammation in a range of diseases. The protein-protein interaction between the NOX2 subunits p47phox and p22phox is essential for NOX2 activation, thus p47phox is a potential drug target. Previously, we identified 2-aminoquinoline as a fragment hit toward p47phoxSH3A-B and converted it to a bivalent small-molecule p47phox-p22phox inhibitor (Ki = 20 μM). Here, we systematically optimized the bivalent compounds by exploring linker types and positioning as well as substituents on the 2-aminoquinoline part and characterized the bivalent binding mode with biophysical methods. We identified several compounds with submicromolar binding affinities and cellular activity and thereby demonstrated that p47phox can be targeted by potent small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Felix Peters
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yves Cambet
- READS unit, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and ChemicalBiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Munira Mohamed Shishay Hissabu
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher M Dustin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and ChemicalBiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Lars Henrik Svensson
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Mariboe Olesen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias Feldt Lomholt Poulsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig Jacobsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Sønderby Tuelung
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dilip Narayanan
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Eva Langkilde
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Gajhede
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and ChemicalBiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- READS unit, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Vilhardt
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Bach
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hackney CM, Flórez Salcedo P, Mueller E, Koch TL, Kjelgaard LD, Watkins M, Zachariassen LG, Tuelung PS, McArthur JR, Adams DJ, Kristensen AS, Olivera B, Finol-Urdaneta RK, Safavi-Hemami H, Morth JP, Ellgaard L. A previously unrecognized superfamily of macro-conotoxins includes an inhibitor of the sensory neuron calcium channel Cav2.3. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002217. [PMID: 37535677 PMCID: PMC10437998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal venom peptides represent valuable compounds for biomedical exploration. The venoms of marine cone snails constitute a particularly rich source of peptide toxins, known as conotoxins. Here, we identify the sequence of an unusually large conotoxin, Mu8.1, which defines a new class of conotoxins evolutionarily related to the well-known con-ikot-ikots and 2 additional conotoxin classes not previously described. The crystal structure of recombinant Mu8.1 displays a saposin-like fold and shows structural similarity with con-ikot-ikot. Functional studies demonstrate that Mu8.1 curtails calcium influx in defined classes of murine somatosensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. When tested on a variety of recombinantly expressed voltage-gated ion channels, Mu8.1 displayed the highest potency against the R-type (Cav2.3) calcium channel. Ca2+ signals from Mu8.1-sensitive DRG neurons were also inhibited by SNX-482, a known spider peptide modulator of Cav2.3 and voltage-gated K+ (Kv4) channels. Our findings highlight the potential of Mu8.1 as a molecular tool to identify and study neuronal subclasses expressing Cav2.3. Importantly, this multidisciplinary study showcases the potential of uncovering novel structures and bioactivities within the largely unexplored group of macro-conotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste M. Hackney
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paula Flórez Salcedo
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Emilie Mueller
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Section for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Lund Koch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lau D. Kjelgaard
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maren Watkins
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Linda G. Zachariassen
- Department of Drug Design & Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jeffrey R. McArthur
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - David J. Adams
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Anders S. Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design & Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Baldomero Olivera
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Rocio K. Finol-Urdaneta
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Electrophysiology Facility for Cell Phenotyping and Drug Discovery, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Helena Safavi-Hemami
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jens Preben Morth
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Section for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars Ellgaard
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kulakova A, Indrakumar S, Sønderby Tuelung P, Mahapatra S, Streicher WW, Peters GHJ, Harris P. Albumin-neprilysin fusion protein: understanding stability using small angle X-ray scattering and molecular dynamic simulations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10089. [PMID: 32572086 PMCID: PMC7308280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusion technology is widely used in protein-drug development to increase activity, stability, and bioavailability of protein therapeutics. Fusion proteins, like any other type of biopharmaceuticals, need to remain stable during production and storage. Due to the high complexity and additional intramolecular interactions, it is not possible to predict the behavior of fusion proteins based on the behavior the individual proteins. Therefore, understanding the stability of fusion proteins on the molecular level is crucial for the development of biopharmaceuticals. The current study on the albumin-neprilysin (HSA-NEP) fusion protein uses a combination of thermal and chemical unfolding with small angle X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics simulations to show a correlation between decreasing stability and increasing repulsive interactions, which is unusual for most biopharmaceuticals. It is also seen that HSA-NEP is not fully flexible: it is present in both compact and extended conformations. Additionally, the volume fraction of each conformation changes with pH. Finally, the presence of NaCl and arginine increases stability at pH 6.5, but decreases stability at pH 5.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kulakova
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 207, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Sowmya Indrakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 207, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Pernille Sønderby Tuelung
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 207, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | | | | | - Günther H J Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 207, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Pernille Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 207, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
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