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Yoval-Sánchez B, Ansari F, James J, Niatsetskaya Z, Sosunov S, Filipenko P, Tikhonova IG, Ten V, Wittig I, Rafikov R, Galkin A. Redox-dependent loss of flavin by mitochondria complex I is different in brain and heart. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102258. [PMID: 35189550 PMCID: PMC8861397 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologies associated with tissue ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in highly metabolizing organs such as the brain and heart are leading causes of death and disability in humans. Molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction during acute injury in I/R are tissue-specific, but their details are not completely understood. A metabolic shift and accumulation of substrates of reverse electron transfer (RET) such as succinate are observed in tissue ischemia, making mitochondrial complex I of the respiratory chain (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) the most vulnerable enzyme to the following reperfusion. It has been shown that brain complex I is predisposed to losing its flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor when maintained in the reduced state in conditions of RET both in vitro and in vivo. Here we investigated the process of redox-dependent dissociation of FMN from mitochondrial complex I in brain and heart mitochondria. In contrast to the brain enzyme, cardiac complex I does not lose FMN when reduced in RET conditions. We proposed that the different kinetics of FMN loss during RET is due to the presence of brain-specific long 50 kDa isoform of the NDUFV3 subunit of complex I, which is absent in the heart where only the canonical 10 kDa short isoform is found. Our simulation studies suggest that the long NDUFV3 isoform can reach toward the FMN binding pocket and affect the nucleotide affinity to the apoenzyme. For the first time, we demonstrated a potential functional role of tissue-specific isoforms of complex I, providing the distinct molecular mechanism of I/R-induced mitochondrial impairment in cardiac and cerebral tissues. By combining functional studies of intact complex I and molecular structure simulations, we defined the critical difference between the brain and heart enzyme and suggested insights into the redox-dependent inactivation mechanisms of complex I during I/R injury in both tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belem Yoval-Sánchez
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Fariha Ansari
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Joel James
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Zoya Niatsetskaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Sergey Sosunov
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Peter Filipenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Irina G. Tikhonova
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology, Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Vadim Ten
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alexander Galkin
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA,Corresponding author.
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