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Wang T, Sternes PR, Guo XK, Zhao H, Xu C, Xu H. Autoimmune diseases exhibit shared alterations in the gut microbiota. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:856-865. [PMID: 37467058 PMCID: PMC10907812 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence from microbial studies have highlighted the modulatory roles of intestinal microbes in numerous human diseases, however, the shared microbial signatures across different diseases remain relatively unclear. METHODS To consolidate existing knowledge across multiple studies, we performed meta-analyses of 17 disease types, covering 34 case-control datasets of 16S rRNA sequencing data, to identify shared alterations among different diseases. Furthermore, the impact of a microbial species, Lactobacillus salivarius, was established in a dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis model and a collagen type II-induced arthritis mouse model. RESULTS Microbial alterations among autoimmune diseases were substantially more consistent compared with that of other diseases (cancer, metabolic disease and nervous system disease), with microbial signatures exhibiting notable discriminative power for disease prediction. Autoimmune diseases were characterized by the enrichment of Enterococcus, Veillonella, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus and the depletion of Ruminococcus, Gemmiger, Oscillibacter, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiracea incertae sedis, Anaerostipes, Coprococcus, Alistipes, Roseburia, Bilophila, Barnesiella, Dorea, Ruminococcus2, Butyricicoccus, Phascolarctobacterium, Parabacteroides and Odoribacter, among others. Functional investigation of L. salivarius, whose genus was commonly enriched in numerous autoimmune diseases, demonstrated protective roles in two separate inflammatory mouse models. CONCLUSION Our study highlights a strong link between autoimmune diseases and the gut microbiota, with notably consistent microbial alterations compared with that of other diseases, indicating that therapeutic strategies that target the gut microbiome may be transferable across different autoimmune diseases. Functional validation of L. salivarius highlighted that bacterial genera associated with disease may not always be antagonistic, but may represent protective or adaptive responses to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Wang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter R Sternes
- Centre for Microbiome Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xue-Kun Guo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congmin Xu
- Biomap (Beijing) Intelligence Technology Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Huji Xu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Sternes PR, Brett L, Phipps J, Ciccia F, Kenna T, de Guzman E, Zimmermann K, Morrison M, Holtmann G, Klingberg E, Mauro D, McIvor C, Forsblad-d'Elia H, Brown MA. Distinctive gut microbiomes of ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease patients suggest differing roles in pathogenesis and correlate with disease activity. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:163. [PMID: 35794662 PMCID: PMC9261041 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have confirmed dysbiosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, due to methodological differences across studies, it has not been possible to determine if these diseases have similar or different gut microbiomes. RESULTS In this study, faecal and intestinal biopsies were obtained from 33 Australian AS patients (including 5 with concomitant IBD, 'AS-IBD'), 59 IBD patients and 105 healthy controls. Stool samples were also obtained from 16 Italian AS patients and 136 Swedish AS patients. Focusing on the Australian cohort, AS, AS-IBD and IBD patients differed from one another and from healthy controls in both alpha and beta diversity. AS patients with and without clinical IBD could be distinguished from one another with moderate accuracy using stool microbiome (AUC=0.754). Stool microbiome also accurately distinguished IBD patients from healthy controls (AUC=0.757). Microbiome composition was correlated with disease activity measured by BASDAI and faecal calprotectin (FCP) levels. Enrichment of potentially pathogenic Streptococcus was noted in AS, AS-IBD and IBD patients. Furthermore, enrichment of another potentially pathogenic genus, Haemophilus, was observed in AS, AS-IBD, IBD, AS patients with increased BASDAI, and IBD patients with faecal calprotectin >100 μg/mg. Apart from these genera, no other taxa were shared between AS and IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the distinct gut microbiome of AS and AS-IBD patients compared to IBD patients and healthy controls is consistent with immunological and genetic evidence suggesting that the gut plays a different role in driving AS compared with IBD. However, enrichment of two potentially pathogenic genera in both diseases suggests that the presence of a shared/common microbial trigger of disease cannot be discounted.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Sternes
- Centre for Microbiome Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - L Brett
- Department of Gastroenterology, Logan Hospital, Logan, Australia
| | - J Phipps
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - F Ciccia
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - T Kenna
- Centre for Microbiome Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E de Guzman
- Centre for Microbiome Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Zimmermann
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Morrison
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - G Holtmann
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E Klingberg
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Mauro
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - C McIvor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Logan Hospital, Logan, Australia
| | - H Forsblad-d'Elia
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M A Brown
- Genomics England, London, UK.,Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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Stoll ML, Sawhney H, Wells PM, Sternes PR, Reveille JD, Morrow CD, Steves CJ, Brown MA, Gensler LS. The faecal microbiota is distinct in HLA-B27+ ankylosing spondylitis patients versus HLA-B27+ healthy controls. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 41:1096-1104. [PMID: 36441657 DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/nlsj0o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spondyloarthritis (SpA) results from the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. An emerging modifiable factor is the human intestinal microbiota, which multiple studies in children and adults have shown to be abnormal in SpA patients, including enthesitis related arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, HLA-B27 itself appears to impact the contents of the microbiota and is more common in SpA patients versus controls, thus serving as a confounding factor in most comparative studies. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated the contents of the faecal microbiota among 29 patients with HLA-B27+ AS and 43 healthy adults who underwent 16S sequencing and genotyping as part of the TwinsUK Programme. RESULTS HLA-B27 positive+ patients and healthy controls demonstrated substantial clustering based upon diagnosis. Decreased richness was observed among the AS patients, although measures of evenness were similar. After correction for multiple comparisons, several taxa - including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Coprococcus - were elevated in AS patients compared to controls, even when restricted to female subjects, while Bacteroides fragilis, Ruminococcus, and Akkermansia muciniphila were depleted in AS patients. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with some previous studies, our study demonstrates in patients with AS associations with Coprococcus, Bacteroides, and Ruminococcus. Other findings, including increased Faecalibacterium, are inconsistent with previous studies and thus potentially underscore the necessity of evaluating HLA-B27 positive controls in studies evaluating the impact of the intestinal microbiota on SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Stoll
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), AL, USA.
| | - Henna Sawhney
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Peter R. Sternes
- Centre for Microbiome Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John D. Reveille
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Casey D. Morrow
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Matthew A. Brown
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, UK; Genomics England Ltd, London, UK
| | - Lianne S. Gensler
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA
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Asquith M, Sternes PR, Costello ME, Karstens L, Diamond S, Martin TM, Li Z, Marshall MS, Spector TD, le Cao KA, Rosenbaum JT, Brown MA. HLA Alleles Associated With Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Influence the Gut Microbiome. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:1642-1650. [PMID: 31038287 DOI: 10.1002/art.40917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HLA alleles affect susceptibility to more than 100 diseases, but the mechanisms that account for these genotype-disease associations are largely unknown. HLA alleles strongly influence predisposition to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Both AS and RA patients have discrete intestinal and fecal microbiome signatures. Whether these changes are the cause or consequence of the diseases themselves is unclear. To distinguish these possibilities, we examined the effect of HLA-B27 and HLA-DRB1 RA risk alleles on the composition of the intestinal microbiome in healthy individuals. METHODS Five hundred sixty-eight stool and biopsy samples from 6 intestinal sites were collected from 107 healthy unrelated subjects, and stool samples were collected from 696 twin pairs from the TwinsUK cohort. Microbiome profiling was performed using sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA bacterial marker gene. All subjects were genotyped using the Illumina CoreExome SNP microarray, and HLA genotypes were imputed from these data. RESULTS Associations were observed between the overall microbial composition and both the HLA-B27 genotype and the HLA-DRB1 RA risk allele (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.00001, respectively). These associations were replicated using the stool samples from the TwinsUK cohort (P = 0.023 and P = 0.033, respectively). CONCLUSION This study shows that the changes in intestinal microbiome composition seen in AS and RA are at least partially due to effects of HLA-B27 and HLA-DRB1 on the gut microbiome. These findings support the hypothesis that HLA alleles operate to cause or increase the risk of these diseases through interaction with the intestinal microbiome and suggest that therapies targeting the microbiome may be effective in preventing or treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter R Sternes
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhixiu Li
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mhairi S Marshall
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - James T Rosenbaum
- Oregon Health & Science University and Legacy Devers Eye Institute, Portland
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Sternes PR, Lee D, Kutyna DR, Borneman AR. A combined meta-barcoding and shotgun metagenomic analysis of spontaneous wine fermentation. Gigascience 2018; 6:1-10. [PMID: 28595314 PMCID: PMC5570097 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/gix040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wine is a complex beverage, comprising hundreds of metabolites produced through the action of yeasts and bacteria in fermenting grape must. Commercially, there is now a growing trend away from using wine yeast (Saccharomyces) starter cultures, toward the historic practice of uninoculated or “wild” fermentation, where the yeasts and bacteria associated with the grapes and/or winery perform the fermentation. It is the varied metabolic contributions of these numerous non-Saccharomyces species that are thought to impart complexity and desirable taste and aroma attributes to wild ferments in comparison to their inoculated counterparts. To map the microflora of spontaneous fermentation, metagenomic techniques were employed to characterize and monitor the progression of fungal species in 5 different wild fermentations. Both amplicon-based ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) phylotyping and shotgun metagenomics were used to assess community structure across different stages of fermentation. While providing a sensitive and highly accurate means of characterizing the wine microbiome, the shotgun metagenomic data also uncovered a significant overabundance bias in the ITS phylotyping abundance estimations for the common non-Saccharomyces wine yeast genus Metschnikowia. By identifying biases such as that observed for Metschnikowia, abundance measurements from future ITS phylotyping datasets can be corrected to provide more accurate species representation. Ultimately, as more shotgun metagenomic and single-strain de novo assemblies for key wine species become available, the accuracy of both ITS-amplicon and shotgun studies will greatly increase, providing a powerful methodology for deciphering the influence of the microbial community on the wine flavor and aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Sternes
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Wooloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Danna Lee
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dariusz R Kutyna
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064
| | - Anthony R Borneman
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064.,Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
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Sternes PR, Costello PJ, Chambers PJ, Bartowsky EJ, Borneman AR. Whole transcriptome RNAseq analysis of Oenococcus oeni reveals distinct intra-specific expression patterns during malolactic fermentation, including genes involved in diacetyl metabolism. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 257:216-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Sternes PR, Borneman AR. Erratum to: 'Consensus pan-genome assembly of the specialised wine bacterium Oenococcus oeni'. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:813. [PMID: 27765012 PMCID: PMC5072292 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Sternes
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Anthony R Borneman
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia.
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Abstract
Background Oenococcus oeni is a lactic acid bacterium that is specialised for growth in the ecological niche of wine, where it is noted for its ability to perform the secondary, malolactic fermentation that is often required for many types of wine. Expanding the understanding of strain-dependent genetic variations in its small and streamlined genome is important for realising its full potential in industrial fermentation processes. Results Whole genome comparison was performed on 191 strains of O. oeni; from this rich source of genomic information consensus pan-genome assemblies of the invariant (core) and variable (flexible) regions of this organism were established. Genetic variation in amino acid biosynthesis and sugar transport and utilisation was found to be common between strains. Furthermore, we characterised previously-unreported intra-specific genetic variations in the natural competence of this microbe. Conclusion By assembling a consensus pan-genome from a large number of strains, this study provides a tool for researchers to readily compare protein-coding genes across strains and infer functional relationships between genes in conserved syntenic regions. This establishes a foundation for further genetic, and thus phenotypic, research of this industrially-important species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2604-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Sternes
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Anthony R Borneman
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia.
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Jackson MA, Sternes PR, Mudge SR, Graham MW, Birch RG. Design rules for efficient transgene expression in plants. Plant Biotechnol J 2014; 12:925-33. [PMID: 24854834 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Sustained expression of transgenes in specified developmental patterns is commonly needed in plant biotechnology, but obstructed by transgene silencing. Here, we present a set of gene design rules, tested on the silencing-susceptible beetle luc and bacterial ims genes, expressed in sugarcane. Designs tested independently or in combination included removal of rare codons, removal of RNA instability sequences, blocking of likely endogenous sRNA binding sites and randomization of non-rare codons. Stable transgene expression analyses, on multiple independent lines per construct, showed greatest improvement from the removal of RNA instability sequences, accompanied by greatly reduced transcript degradation evident in northern blot analysis. We provide a set of motifs that readily can be eliminated concurrently with rare codons and undesired structural features such as repeat sequences, using Gene Designer 2.0 software. These design rules yielded 935- and 5-fold increased expression in transgenic callus, relative to the native luc and ims sequences; and gave sustained expression under the control of sugarcane and heterologous promoters over several years in greenhouse and field trials. The rules can be applied easily with codon usage tables from any plant species, providing a simple and effective means to achieve sustained expression of otherwise silencing-prone transgenes in plants.
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