|
1
|
Scheib CL, Li H, Desai T, Link V, Kendall C, Dewar G, Griffith PW, Mörseburg A, Johnson JR, Potter A, Kerr SL, Endicott P, Lindo J, Haber M, Xue Y, Tyler-Smith C, Sandhu MS, Lorenz JG, Randall TD, Faltyskova Z, Pagani L, Danecek P, O'Connell TC, Martz P, Boraas AS, Byrd BF, Leventhal A, Cambra R, Williamson R, Lesage L, Holguin B, Ygnacio-De Soto E, Rosas J, Metspalu M, Stock JT, Manica A, Scally A, Wegmann D, Malhi RS, Kivisild T. Ancient human parallel lineages within North America contributed to a coastal expansion. Science 2018; 360:1024-1027. [PMID: 29853687 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar6851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Little is known regarding the first people to enter the Americas and their genetic legacy. Genomic analysis of the oldest human remains from the Americas showed a direct relationship between a Clovis-related ancestral population and all modern Central and South Americans as well as a deep split separating them from North Americans in Canada. We present 91 ancient human genomes from California and Southwestern Ontario and demonstrate the existence of two distinct ancestries in North America, which possibly split south of the ice sheets. A contribution from both of these ancestral populations is found in all modern Central and South Americans. The proportions of these two ancestries in ancient and modern populations are consistent with a coastal dispersal and multiple admixture events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Scheib
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK. .,Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of Anthropology and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tariq Desai
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Vivian Link
- Department of Biology, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Kendall
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S2, Canada
| | - Genevieve Dewar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S2, Canada
| | | | | | - John R Johnson
- Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA
| | - Amiee Potter
- Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97232, USA.,Knight Diagnostics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Susan L Kerr
- Department of Anthropology, Modesto Junior College, Modesto, CA 95350, USA
| | - Phillip Endicott
- Department Hommes Natures Societies, Musée de l'Homme, Paris 75016, France
| | - John Lindo
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Marc Haber
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Yali Xue
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Chris Tyler-Smith
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Joseph G Lorenz
- Department of Anthropology and Museum Studies, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA
| | - Tori D Randall
- Department of Anthropology, San Diego City College, San Diego, CA 92101, USA
| | - Zuzana Faltyskova
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK
| | - Luca Pagani
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,APE Lab, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Petr Danecek
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Tamsin C O'Connell
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK
| | - Patricia Martz
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | | | - Brian F Byrd
- Far Western Anthropological Research Group Inc., Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Alan Leventhal
- Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area, P.O. Box 360791, Milpitas, CA 95036, USA.,Department of Anthropology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
| | - Rosemary Cambra
- Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area, P.O. Box 360791, Milpitas, CA 95036, USA
| | | | | | - Brian Holguin
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ernestine Ygnacio-De Soto
- Barbareño Chumash, California Indian Advisory Committee, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA
| | | | - Mait Metspalu
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Jay T Stock
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK.,Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Andrea Manica
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Aylwyn Scally
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Daniel Wegmann
- Department of Biology, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ripan S Malhi
- Department of Anthropology and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Toomas Kivisild
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK. .,Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|