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Kongthitilerd P, Barras E, Rong W, Thibodeaux A, Rigdon M, Yao S, Adisakwattana S, Suantawee T, Cheng H. Cyanidin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by activating the PLC-IP 3 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114677. [PMID: 37044024 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin is the most abundant anthocyanin found in red-purple plants and possesses anti-obesity properties. However, its mechanism of action in adipocytes remains unknown. The objective of this study was to elucidate how cyanidin inhibits adipocyte formation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cells were cultured in adipogenic differentiation medium supplemented with cyanidin and examined for adipogenesis, cell viability, and adipocyte gene expression using Oil Red O staining, MTT assay, and RT-qPCR. Real-time Ca2+ imaging analysis was performed in living cells to elucidate cyanidin's mechanism of action. The results demonstrated that cyanidin (1-50 μM) supplementation to the adipogenic medium inhibited adipogenesis by downregulating adipogenic marker gene expression (PPARγ, C/EBPα, adiponectin, and aP2) without affecting cell viability after 4 days of treatment. Stimulation of cells with cyanidin (30-100 μM) increased intracellular Ca2+ in a concentration dependent manner with peak calcium increases at 50 μM. Pretreatment of cells with the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122, inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptor blocker 2-APB, and depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores by thapsigargin abolished the Ca2+ increases by cyanidin. These findings suggested that cyanidin inhibits adipocyte formation by activating the PLC-IP3 pathway and intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Our study is the first report describing the mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effect of cyanidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phutthida Kongthitilerd
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Elise Barras
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Weiqiong Rong
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Ansleigh Thibodeaux
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Madison Rigdon
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Shaomian Yao
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanyawan Suantawee
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Henrique Cheng
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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Kongthitilerd P, Thilavech T, Marnpae M, Rong W, Yao S, Adisakwattana S, Cheng H, Suantawee T. Cyanidin-3-rutinoside stimulated insulin secretion through activation of L-type voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels and the PLC-IP 3 pathway in pancreatic β-cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112494. [PMID: 34891116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C3R) is an anthocyanin with anti-diabetic properties found in red-purple fruits. However, the molecular mechanisms of C3R on Ca2+-dependent insulin secretion remains unknown. This study aimed to identify C3R's mechanisms of action in pancreatic β-cells. Rat INS-1 cells were used to elucidate the effects of C3R on insulin secretion, intracellular Ca2+ signaling, and gene expression. The results showed that C3R at 60, 100, and 300 µM concentrations significantly increased insulin secretion via intracellular Ca2+ signaling. The exposure of cells with C3R concentrations up to 100 μM did not affect cell viability. Pretreatment of cells with nimodipine (voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDCC) blocker), U73122 (PLC inhibitor), and 2-APB (IP3 receptor blocker) inhibited the intracellular Ca2+ signals by C3R. Interestingly, C3R increased intracellular Ca2+ signals and insulin secretion after depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores by thapsigargin. However, insulin secretion was abolished under extracellular Ca2+-free conditions. Moreover, C3R upregulated mRNA expression for Glut2 and Kir6.2 genes. These findings indicate that C3R stimulated insulin secretion by promoting Ca2+ influx via VDCCs and activating the PLC-IP3 pathway. C3R also upregulates the expression of genes necessary for glucose-induced insulin secretion. This is the first study describing the molecular mechanisms by which C3R stimulates Ca2+-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. These findings contribute to our understanding on how anthocyanins improve hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phutthida Kongthitilerd
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Thavaree Thilavech
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10440, Thailand.
| | - Marisa Marnpae
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Weiqiong Rong
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Shaomian Yao
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Henrique Cheng
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Tanyawan Suantawee
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Kongthitilerd P, Sharma A, Guidry HE, Rong W, Nguyen J, Yao S, Adisakwattana S, Cheng H. Antidiuretic hormone inhibits osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle stem cells via V1a receptors and the PLC-IP 3 pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 128:105169. [PMID: 34058720 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which antidiuretic hormone (ADH) inhibited osteogenesis in dental follicle stem cells. DESIGN Rat dental follicle stem cells were cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium supplemented with ADH. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, Alizarin Red S staining, MTT assay and RT-qPCR was used to examine ADH's impact on cell mineralization, viability, and osteogenic gene expression. Real-time calcium imaging analysis was performed to identify the ADH receptor and its mechanism of action. RESULTS ADH supplementation to the osteogenic differentiation medium inhibited cell mineralization without compromising cell viability and downregulated the expression of key osteogenic genes: DCN (Decorin), RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2) and BSP (Bone sialoprotein). Real-time calcium imaging analysis revealed that ADH (1-1000 nM) increased intracellular calcium in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment of cells with V2255, a V1a receptor blocker, inhibited the calcium signals, but not with the V1b (Nelivaptan) or V2 (Tolvaptan). V2255 also reversed the inhibitory effect of ADH on osteogenesis. Furthermore, U73122, a Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, 2-APB, an Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) receptor blocker, and depletion of endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores abolished the calcium signals by ADH. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that ADH activates V1a receptors and the PLC-IP3 pathway to stimulate intracellular calcium signals, which inhibits cell mineralization and osteogenic gene expression. These findings uncovered a novel function for ADH as a negative regulator of osteogenesis in dental follicle stem cells. The role of ADH in the pathogenesis of bone diseases remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kongthitilerd
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA; Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - H E Guidry
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - W Rong
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - J Nguyen
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - S Yao
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - S Adisakwattana
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - H Cheng
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
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Kongthitilerd P, Cheng H, Suantawee T, Adisakwattana S. Anti‐adipogenic Effects of Anthocyanin‐enriched Riceberry Rice Extract (
Oryza sativa L
.) in 3T3‐L1 Preadipocytes. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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