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Agrawal P, Chen S, de Pablos A, Jame-Chenarboo F, Miera Saenz de Vega E, Darvishian F, Osman I, Lujambio A, Mahal LK, Hernando E. Integrated in vivo functional screens and multi-omics analyses identify α-2,3-sialylation as essential for melanoma maintenance. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.08.584072. [PMID: 38559078 PMCID: PMC10979837 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer biology, and altered glycosylation influences multiple facets of melanoma growth and progression. To identify glycosyltransferases, glycans, and glycoproteins essential for melanoma maintenance, we conducted an in vivo growth screen with a pooled shRNA library of glycosyltransferases, lectin microarray profiling of benign nevi and melanoma patient samples, and mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomics. We found that α-2,3 sialyltransferases ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 and corresponding α-2,3-linked sialosides are upregulated in melanoma compared to nevi and are essential for melanoma growth in vivo and in vitro. Glycoproteomics revealed that glycoprotein targets of ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 are enriched in transmembrane proteins involved in growth signaling, including the amino acid transporter Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 (SLC3A2/CD98hc). CD98hc suppression mimicked the effect of ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 silencing, inhibiting melanoma cell proliferation. We found that both CD98hc protein stability and its pro-survival effect in melanoma are dependent upon α-2,3 sialylation mediated by ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2. In summary, our studies reveal that α-2,3-sialosides functionally contribute to melanoma maintenance, supporting ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 as novel therapeutic targets in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, New York University
| | - Ana de Pablos
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Iman Osman
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York
| | | | - Lara K. Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, New York University
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health
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Jain AK, Bundiwal AK, Jain S, Agrawal P, Jain D, Sircar S. Evaluation of liver and splenic stiffness by acoustic radiation force impulse for assessment of esophageal varices. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023:10.1007/s12664-023-01456-3. [PMID: 37930496 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In routine clinical practice, assessment of portal hypertension (PHT) among patients with liver cirrhosis is done by a upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE); however, its invasive nature limits its use. Recent advances in ultrasound imaging make it possible to evaluate the tissue stiffness of the liver and spleen reflecting the severity of underlying fibrosis. Liver stiffness and spleen stiffness can be used to predict the presence of esophageal varices/PHT among cirrhotic patients. AIM To predict the presence or absence of esophageal varices by measuring the stiffness of the liver and spleen by ultrasonography (USG)-based acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 90 subjects with liver cirrhosis. Liver and splenic stiffness were measured along with the USG abdomen, UGIE and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI). RESULTS Liver and spleen stiffness were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients compared to chronic hepatitis B. The best cut-off value of liver stiffness (LS) obtained by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 2.16 m/s for predicting esophageal varices (AUROC 0.78, p 0.0002). The best cut-off value of splenic stiffness (SS) obtained by the ROC curve was 3.04 m/s for predicting esophageal varices (AUROC 0.698, p 0.0274). When both LS and SS were taken together, the accuracy in predicting esophageal varices increased to 92.22%. An equation to predict "esophageal varices = (0.225 LS + 0.377SS) - 0.555" was derived. CONCLUSION LS and SS values of ≥ 2.16 m/s and 3.04 m/s, respectively, predict esophageal varices independently; however, combined assessment is better with 92% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, 452 014, India.
| | - Amit K Bundiwal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, 452 014, India
| | - Suchita Jain
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, 452 014, India
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, 452 014, India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, 452 014, India
| | - Shohini Sircar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, 452 014, India
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Le Neveu M, Nicholson R, Agrawal P, Early M, Patterson D. Determining health-related quality of life and health state utility values of recurrent urinary tract infections in women. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:1831-1835. [PMID: 36752848 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Health state utility values estimate an individual's valuation of their health-related quality of life. Despite prevalence of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs), the health state utility value of rUTIs is unknown. The primary aim was to determine the utility value of rUTIs using the standard gamble (SG). The secondary aim was to compare the SG utility value with that derived from the EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) and visual analog scale (VAS). We hypothesized that a utility value would be successfully derived from the SG and would differ from that derived using the EQ-5D and VAS. METHODS Nonpregnant, adult English-speaking female patients with a diagnosis of rUTI were recruited and completed the EQ-5D, VAS, and SG (n = 25). Utility values were evaluated using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman's rho correlation. RESULTS Health state utility values varied depending on the assessment tool used: EQ-5D 0.76 (IQR 0.52), VAS 0.70 (IQR 0.30), and SG 0.85 (IQR 0.25). There were differences between VAS and the other two assessment methods (p<0.001), as well as between EQ-5D and SG (p=0.013). Spearman correlation demonstrated a moderately positive correlation between EQ-5D and VAS values (r(25) = 0.59, p=0.0019). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that 0.85 reflects the true health state utility value of rUTIs among nonpregnant adult English-speaking women. The utility value for recurrent UTIs is worse (lower) than that previously published for nonrecurrent UTIs, reflecting the ability of the SG to convey the compounding impact of recurrent disease. In this study, neither the EQ-5D nor the VAS produced results consistent with those found using the SG, which suggests limited validity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Le Neveu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - R Nicholson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Agrawal
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Early
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Patterson
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Sandhu G, Agrawal P, Bose S, Thelma BK. Building polarization into protein-inhibitor binding dynamics in rational drug design for rheumatoid arthritis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37378542 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2229449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Standard force field-based simulations to accomplish structure-based evaluations of lead molecules is a powerful tool. Combining protein fragmentation into tractable sub-systems with continuum solvation method is envisaged to enable quantum mechanics-based electronic structure calculations of macromolecules in their realistic environment. This along with incorporation of many-body polarization effect in molecular dynamics simulations may augment an accurate description of electrostatics of protein-inhibitor systems for effective drug design. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disorder plagued by the ceiling effect of current targeted therapies, encouraging identification of new druggable targets and corresponding drug design to tackle the refractory form of disease. In this study, polarization-inclusive force field approach has been used to model protein solvation and ligand binding for 'Mitogen-activated protein kinase' (MAP3K8), a regulatory node of notable pharmacological relevance in RA synovial biology. For MAP3K8 inhibitors belonging to different scaffold series, the calculations illustrated differential electrostatic contribution to their relative binding affinities and successfully explained examples from available structure-activity relationship studies. Results from this study exemplified i) the advantage of this approach in reliably ranking inhibitors having close nanomolar range activities for the same target; and ii) its prospective application in lead molecule identification aiding drug discovery efforts in RA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurvisha Sandhu
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- LeadInvent Technologies Private Limited, Biotech Centre, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Surojit Bose
- LeadInvent Technologies Private Limited, Biotech Centre, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - B K Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Davalos V, Lovell CD, Von Itter R, Dolgalev I, Agrawal P, Baptiste G, Kahler DJ, Sokolova E, Moran S, Piqué L, Vega-Saenz de Miera E, Fontanals-Cirera B, Karz A, Tsirigos A, Yun C, Darvishian F, Etchevers HC, Osman I, Esteller M, Schober M, Hernando E. An epigenetic switch controls an alternative NR2F2 isoform that unleashes a metastatic program in melanoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1867. [PMID: 37015919 PMCID: PMC10073109 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma develops once transformed melanocytic cells begin to de-differentiate into migratory and invasive melanoma cells with neural crest cell (NCC)-like and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like features. However, it is still unclear how transformed melanocytes assume a metastatic melanoma cell state. Here, we define DNA methylation changes that accompany metastatic progression in melanoma patients and discover Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F, Member 2 - isoform 2 (NR2F2-Iso2) as an epigenetically regulated metastasis driver. NR2F2-Iso2 is transcribed from an alternative transcriptional start site (TSS) and it is truncated at the N-terminal end which encodes the NR2F2 DNA-binding domain. We find that NR2F2-Iso2 expression is turned off by DNA methylation when NCCs differentiate into melanocytes. Conversely, this process is reversed during metastatic melanoma progression, when NR2F2-Iso2 becomes increasingly hypomethylated and re-expressed. Our functional and molecular studies suggest that NR2F2-Iso2 drives metastatic melanoma progression by modulating the activity of full-length NR2F2 (Isoform 1) over EMT- and NCC-associated target genes. Our findings indicate that DNA methylation changes play a crucial role during metastatic melanoma progression, and their control of NR2F2 activity allows transformed melanocytes to acquire NCC-like and EMT-like features. This epigenetically regulated transcriptional plasticity facilitates cell state transitions and metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Davalos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Claudia D Lovell
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Richard Von Itter
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/ Montefiore, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gillian Baptiste
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - David J Kahler
- High Throughput Biology Core, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Elena Sokolova
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laia Piqué
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eleazar Vega-Saenz de Miera
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Barbara Fontanals-Cirera
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Alcida Karz
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Chi Yun
- High Throughput Biology Core, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Farbod Darvishian
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Iman Osman
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Schober
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York Grossman University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Agrawal P, Agrawal A, Patel AK. Community Level Physiological Profiling of Microbial Communities Influencing Mine Spoil Genesis in Chronosequence Coal Mine Overburden Spoil. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological restoration through mine spoil genesis should be dogmatic and the strategies involved a holistic approach, which emphasizes the role of microbial community composition that varies in accordance with the physiological and nutritional status of mine spoil profiles. This is because the patterns observed aboveground is being driven by the belowground diversity and processes. Thus, the relationship between microbial community structure and mine spoil genesis in chronosequence coal mine spoil has attracted considerable research attention. The occurrence of higher microbial diversity and difficulties in culturing microbes necessitate the use of a culture-independent approach through community-level physiological profiling based on the patterns of carbon source utilization using BIOLOG Ecoplate and thereby the functional diversity of microbial communities in different age series coal mine spoil was determined. The average well-color development exhibited an increasing trend with a minimum in OB0 (0.0640) and a maximum in OB15 (0.5060) over time. The patterns of substrate utilization (carbohydrates, carboxylic and ketonic acids, amino acids, polymers, amines, and amides) reflect the shift in microbial community composition in different age series coal mine spoil over time. Gradual increase in species richness and Shannon diversity index with the increase in age of mine spoil substantiated relatively higher microbial diversity reflecting the sign of mine spoil genesis. Principal component analysis and redundancy analysis based on the differential patterns of substrate utilization discriminate different age series coal mine spoil into independent clusters, which evaluated the broad-scale patterns of microbial community dynamics influencing the pace and progress of mine spoil genesis.
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Marttila M, Birsoy Ö, Gupta V, Amr S, Funke B, Hynes H, Genetti C, Swanson L, Agrawal P, Rehm H, Beggs A. VP.04 Ryanodine receptor - related disorders. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Leff R, Agrawal P, Tibbetts C, Smith M, Cordone A, Brackett A, Moran T, Smith R, Zeidan A. 120 Inclusion of Non-English Language Preference Patients in Trauma and Emergency Medicine Related Motor Vehicle Collision Research. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kohn T, Dumas K, Kohn J, Agrawal P, Clifton M. Characteristics of Systemic Testosterone Therapy for Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder – A Claims Database Analysis. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Biermann J, Melms JC, Amin AD, Wang Y, Caprio LA, Karz A, Tagore S, Barrera I, Ibarra-Arellano MA, Andreatta M, Fullerton BT, Gretarsson KH, Sahu V, Mangipudy VS, Nguyen TTT, Nair A, Rogava M, Ho P, Koch PD, Banu M, Humala N, Mahajan A, Walsh ZH, Shah SB, Vaccaro DH, Caldwell B, Mu M, Wünnemann F, Chazotte M, Berhe S, Luoma AM, Driver J, Ingham M, Khan SA, Rapisuwon S, Slingluff CL, Eigentler T, Röcken M, Carvajal R, Atkins MB, Davies MA, Agustinus A, Bakhoum SF, Azizi E, Siegelin M, Lu C, Carmona SJ, Hibshoosh H, Ribas A, Canoll P, Bruce JN, Bi WL, Agrawal P, Schapiro D, Hernando E, Macosko EZ, Chen F, Schwartz GK, Izar B. Dissecting the treatment-naive ecosystem of human melanoma brain metastasis. Cell 2022; 185:2591-2608.e30. [PMID: 35803246 PMCID: PMC9677434 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) frequently occurs in patients with advanced melanoma; yet, our understanding of the underlying salient biology is rudimentary. Here, we performed single-cell/nucleus RNA-seq in 22 treatment-naive MBMs and 10 extracranial melanoma metastases (ECMs) and matched spatial single-cell transcriptomics and T cell receptor (TCR)-seq. Cancer cells from MBM were more chromosomally unstable, adopted a neuronal-like cell state, and enriched for spatially variably expressed metabolic pathways. Key observations were validated in independent patient cohorts, patient-derived MBM/ECM xenograft models, RNA/ATAC-seq, proteomics, and multiplexed imaging. Integrated spatial analyses revealed distinct geography of putative cancer immune evasion and evidence for more abundant intra-tumoral B to plasma cell differentiation in lymphoid aggregates in MBM. MBM harbored larger fractions of monocyte-derived macrophages and dysfunctional TOX+CD8+ T cells with distinct expression of immune checkpoints. This work provides comprehensive insights into MBM biology and serves as a foundational resource for further discovery and therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Biermann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Johannes C Melms
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Amit Dipak Amin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lindsay A Caprio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alcida Karz
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Somnath Tagore
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Irving Barrera
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Miguel A Ibarra-Arellano
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Andreatta
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, CHUV and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin T Fullerton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kristjan H Gretarsson
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Varun Sahu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Vaibhav S Mangipudy
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Trang T T Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ajay Nair
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Meri Rogava
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Patricia Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter D Koch
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matei Banu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nelson Humala
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Aayushi Mahajan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zachary H Walsh
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shivem B Shah
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Daniel H Vaccaro
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Blake Caldwell
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael Mu
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Florian Wünnemann
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margot Chazotte
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Berhe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Adrienne M Luoma
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joseph Driver
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Ingham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shaheer A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Suthee Rapisuwon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Medstar Washington Cancer Institute, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Richard Carvajal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael B Atkins
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Albert Agustinus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samuel F Bakhoum
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elham Azizi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Markus Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Santiago J Carmona
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, CHUV and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Denis Schapiro
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Evan Z Macosko
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Fei Chen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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11
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Chen S, Agrawal P, Hernando‐Monge E, Mahal L. High‐throughput Assay and In Vivo Screen Identify
α
‐2,3‐sialylation of CD98 by ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 as Essential to Melanoma Survival. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.l7667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY
| | | | - Lara Mahal
- ChemistryNew York UniversityNew YorkNY
- ChemistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB
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12
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Shadaloey AAS, Karz A, Moubarak RS, Agrawal P, Levinson G, Kleffman K, Aristizabal O, Osman I, Wadghiri YZ, Hernando E. A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis. J Vis Exp 2022. [DOI: 10.3791/63186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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13
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Jain AK, Singh SK, Jain S, Agrawal P. Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Pancreatic Pseudocyst Drainage in Children: A Case Series. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022; 27:478-480. [PMID: 36238330 PMCID: PMC9552647 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_102_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last one-decade, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage has evolved as a preferred modality for treating pseudocyst over conventional surgical or radiological procedures among adults using plastic stents or lumen opposing stents; however, studies on EUS-guided pancreatic of pseudocyst among children are mainly in the form of case reports or small case series. Therefore, we aimed to describe four pediatric cases of the pseudo-pancreatic cyst treated successfully with EUS-guided cysto-gastrostomy using plastic stents. In all four cases, EUS-guided drainage was successful using plastic stent with no major complications, and none of them required any follow-up endoscopic or surgical intervention. EUS-guided cysto-gastrostomy offers an excellent and safe alternative to surgery for treating pancreatic pseudocysts in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ajay Kumar Jain, Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Manik Bagh Road, Indore - 452 014, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | - Sumit K. Singh
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Suchita Jain
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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14
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Häuser K, Azmi R, Agrawal P, Jakoby R, Maune H, Hoffmann M, Binder J. Sintering behavior and electrical properties of the paraelectric/dielectric composite system BST/MBO. Ann Ital Chir 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Kurz E, Chen S, Vucic E, Baptiste G, Loomis C, Agrawal P, Hajdu C, Bar-Sagi D, Mahal LK. Integrated Systems Analysis of the Murine and Human Pancreatic Cancer Glycomes Reveals a Tumor-Promoting Role for ST6GAL1. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100160. [PMID: 34634466 PMCID: PMC8604807 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Glycans, such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9, are biomarkers of PDAC and are emerging as important modulators of cancer phenotypes. Herein, we used a systems-based approach integrating glycomic analysis of the well-established KC mouse, which models early events in transformation, and analysis of samples from human pancreatic cancer patients to identify glycans with potential roles in cancer formation. We observed both common and distinct patterns of glycosylation in pancreatic cancer across species. Common alterations included increased levels of α-2,3-sialic acid and α-2,6-sialic acid, bisecting GlcNAc and poly-N-acetyllactosamine. However, core fucose, which was increased in human PDAC, was not seen in the mouse, indicating that not all human glycomic changes are observed in the KC mouse model. In silico analysis of bulk and single-cell sequencing data identified ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1, which underlies α-2,6-sialic acid, as overexpressed in human PDAC, concordant with histological data showing higher levels of this enzyme at the earliest stages. To test whether ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 promotes pancreatic cancer, we created a novel mouse in which a pancreas-specific genetic deletion of this enzyme overlays the KC mouse model. The analysis of our new model showed delayed cancer formation and a significant reduction in fibrosis. Our results highlight the importance of a strategic systems approach to identifying glycans whose functions can be modeled in mouse, a crucial step in the development of therapeutics targeting glycosylation in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kurz
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Research Institute, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emily Vucic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gillian Baptiste
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia Loomis
- Office of Science and Research, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cristina Hajdu
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dafna Bar-Sagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Research Institute, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
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16
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Marttila M, Gupta V, Birsoy Ö, Amr S, Funke B, Hynes H, Genetti C, Swanson L, Agrawal P, Rehm H, Beggs A. CONGENITAL MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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David KA, Sundaram S, Kim S, Vaca R, Lin Y, Singer S, Malecek M, Carter J, Zayac A, Kim MS, Reddy N, Ney D, Habib A, Strouse C, Graber J, Bachanova V, Salman S, Vendiola JA, Hossain N, Tsang M, Major A, Bond DB, Agrawal P, Mier‐Hicks A, Torka P, Rajakumar P, Venugopal P, Berg S, Glantz M, Goldlust S, Kumar P, Ollila T, Cai J, Spurgeon S, Sieg A, Cleveland J, Epperla N, Karmali R, Naik S, Martin P, Smith SM, Rubenstein J, Kahl B, Evens AM. OLDER PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LYMPHOMA (PCNSL): REAL WORLD (RW) OUTCOMES OF POST‐INDUCTION THERAPY IN THE MODERN ERA. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.69_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Munir M, Khan M, Agrawal P, Benjamin M, Syed M, Farjo P, Patel K, Ghaffar Y, Khan M, Khan S, Balla S. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with reduced systolic function: a national perspective. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Randomized trials have shown improvement in hard clinical end points when catheter ablation (CA) was employed as a management strategy for certain atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We sought to determine real world data on mortality and complications after utilization of CA in such patients.
Methods and results
Data were derived from National Inpatient Sample from January 2008 to August 2015. Patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared among AF and HFrEF patients undergoing CA or not. Propensity matching was done to mitigate selection bias and balance confounding variables. Various CA related complications were assessed. Logistic regression was done to determine predictors of mortality in our study cohort. A total of 2,569,919 patients were enrolled and out of these approximately 7773 patients underwent CA. Mortality was significantly better in CA group in both unmatched (1.2% vs. 4.9%, p<0.01) and propensity matched cohorts (1.2% vs. 3.6%, p<0.01). Overall complication rate was 10.2% in CA cohort and were primarily cardiac and neurological in origin. In regression analysis, CA remains a strong predictor of reduced mortality (OR 0.301, 95% CI 0.184–0.494).
Conclusion
CA is associated with improved mortality in admitted AF patients with concomitant HFrEF. Overall complication rate after CA was modest at 10.2%.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- M Munir
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States of America
| | - M.Z Khan
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - P Agrawal
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - M.M Benjamin
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - M Syed
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - P Farjo
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - K Patel
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - Y.A Ghaffar
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - M.U Khan
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - S Khan
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - S Balla
- West Virginia Institute Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, United States of America
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19
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Marothiya S, Jain U, Bharti C, Polke P, Agrawal P, Shah R, Mishra P. Evaluation of Changes in Microbiology and Periodontal Parameters During and After Fixed Orthodontic Appliances. Mymensingh Med J 2020; 29:983-990. [PMID: 33116106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the changes in microbiology through quantitative analysis of aerobic and anaerobic colonies and periodontal measurements during and after 1 month of removal of fixed orthodontic appliances. This prospective study comprised 30 patients, aged 12-30 years seeking orthodontic treatment in the department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics of People's College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal from May 2016 to November 2017. Microbiological samples (supra- and subgingival plaque) and periodontal measurements like bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) with oral hygiene assessment indices {plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI)} were used at 2 time interval: when patient undergoing orthodontic treatment >12 month (baseline, T₁) and 1 month after the removal of appliance (T₂). Bacterial culture method used to detect aerobic and anaerobic colony forming units (CFU) and their ratio (aerobic/anaerobic). Data analyzed using paired t-test and chi-square test. There was a significant decrease in an aerobic and anaerobic CFU (both supra- and subgingivally) and increase in CFU ratio (relatively less anaerobes) (p≤0.05) at T₂. Supragingival plaque sampling showed greater diminution in the CFU count as compared to the subgingival CFU, as these sites are more accessible for maintaining hygiene. Also, periodontal measurements showed significant decrement (PI, GI, PPD and BOP) at T₂ (p≤0.05). Fixed orthodontic treatment has transient effect on periodontium as supra- and subgingival CFU count decreases and periodontal health was ameliorated after removal of appliances which was accompanied with periodontopathic bacteria and clinical periodontal signs of inflammation during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marothiya
- Dr Sunita Marothiya, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore (MP), India; E-mail:
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20
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Dadheech PK, Agrawal P, Mebarek-Oudina F, Abu-Hamdeh NH, Sharma A. Comparative Heat Transfer Analysis of MoS2/C2H6O2 and SiO2-MoS2/C2H6O2 Nanofluids with Natural Convection and Inclined Magnetic Field. j nanofluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2020.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the comparative analysis of MoS2/C2H6O2 nanofluid and SiO2-MoS2/C2H6O2 hybrid nanofluid natural convective boundary layer flow through a stretching area. Uniform
inclined magnetic field is applied together with viscous dissipation. The governing model of the flow is solved by Runga-Kutta fourth orde method using appropriate similarity transformations. Temperature and velocity field are presented for various flow pertinent parameters. It is conclude
that if we give an increment in the convection parameter the velocity profile increases and opposite effect is noticed for the temperature profile for both fluids. Also with increased volume fraction parameter Φ2, we get increased velocity and temperature profiles for
both nanofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Dadheech
- Department of Mathematics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P. Agrawal
- Department of Mathematics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - F. Mebarek-Oudina
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of 20 Août 1955-Skikda, Skikda 21000, Algeria
| | - N. H. Abu-Hamdeh
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
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21
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Esmail S, Agrawal P, Aly S. A novel analytical approach for advection diffusion equation for radionuclide release from an area source. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Agrawal P, Nada R, Ramachandran R, Rayat CS, Kumar A, Kohli HS. Loss of Subpodocytic Space Predicts Poor Response to Tacrolimus in Steroid-Resistant Calcineurin Inhibitor-Naïve Adult-Onset Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. Indian J Nephrol 2019; 29:90-94. [PMID: 30983748 PMCID: PMC6440328 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_422_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the most common cause of adult-onset nephrotic syndrome, but its pathophysiology is poorly understood. The question as to why only a subset of patients responds to treatment in unanswered. In the past few years, change of podocytic phenotype from stationary type in health to migratory type in disease has been described, of which loss of subpodocytic space is a surrogate marker. Diagnostic biopsies of adult-onset steroid-resistant calcineurin inhibitor-naïve primary FSGS cases, which were subsequently treated with tacrolimus were included in this retrospective study conducted from 2011 to 2013. The ultrastructure of all cases was studied in detail, especially in context to the presence or absence of subpodocytic space. In the present study, we have compared presence or absence of subpodocytic space in tacrolimus-responsive versus tacrolimus-resistant cases to identify potential electron microscopic features predictive of response to treatment, of which loss of subpodocytic space indicating migratory phenotype is the most important and consistent feature. The present series included 7 tacrolimus responsive cases (includes two cases with partial response) and seven tacrolimus-resistant cases. The tacrolimus-resistant patients were of older age, had a longer duration of illness, and a lower eGFR as compared to tacrolimus responsive cases. The subpodocytic space was preserved in patients on tacrolimus with complete remission and lost in patients with partial response and tacrolimus-resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agrawal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Nada
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Ramachandran
- Department of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - C S Rayat
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - H S Kohli
- Department of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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23
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Shukla S, Cyrta J, Murphy D, Walczak E, Ran L, Agrawal P, Xie Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhan Y, Wong WPE, Sboner A, Beltran H, Mosquera JM, Sher J, Cao Z, Wongvipat J, Koche RP, Gopalan A, Zheng D, Rubin M, Scher HI, Chi P, Chen Y. Abstract A074: Aberrant activation of a gastrointestinal transcriptional circuit in prostate cancer mediates castration resistance. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.prca2017-a074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Prostate cancer exhibits a remarkable lineage-specific dependence on androgen signaling. Lineage-directed therapy using androgen deprivation has been the mainstay of prostate cancer treatment for 70 years. Castration resistance involves reactivation of androgen signaling or activation of alternative lineage programs to bypass androgen requirement. Our studies found that an aberrant gastrointestinal lineage transcriptome is expressed in ~5% of primary prostate cancer that is characterized by abbreviated response to androgen deprivation therapy and in ~30% of castration-resistant prostate cancer. This program is governed by a transcriptional circuit consisting of HNF4G and HNF1A. Cistrome and chromatin analyses revealed that HNF4G is a pioneer factor that generates and maintains enhancer landscape at gastrointestinal lineage genes, independent of AR signaling. In HNF4G/1A-negative prostate cancer, exogenous expression of HNF4G at physiologic levels recapitulates the GI transcriptome, chromatin landscape and leads to relative castration resistance.
Citation Format: Shipra Shukla, Joanna Cyrta, Devan Murphy, Edward Walczak, Leili Ran, Praveen Agrawal, Yuanyuan Xie, Yuedan Chen, Shangqian Wang, Yu Zhan, Wai Pung E. Wong, Andrea Sboner, Himisha Beltran, Juan-Miguel Mosquera, Jessica Sher, Zhen Cao, John Wongvipat, Richard P. Koche, Anuradha Gopalan, Deyou Zheng, Mark Rubin, Howard I. Scher, Ping Chi, Yu Chen. Aberrant activation of a gastrointestinal transcriptional circuit in prostate cancer mediates castration resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Prostate Cancer: Advances in Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research; 2017 Dec 2-5; Orlando, Florida. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(16 Suppl):Abstract nr A074.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Shukla
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | - Devan Murphy
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | - Leili Ran
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | - Yuanyuan Xie
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Yuedan Chen
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | - Yu Zhan
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | | | | | | | - Jessica Sher
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Zhen Cao
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | | | | | - Deyou Zheng
- 4Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Ping Chi
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Yu Chen
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
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24
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Abstract
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance does not have end organ damage, but a proportion of cases manifest with renal injury when it is called monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS). Herein, we describe a case of acute hepatitis E infection, which precipitated the development of MGRS. The patient underwent kidney biopsy for elevated creatinine with clinical suspicion of drug-induced interstitial nephritis. On light microscopy, there were periodic acid–Schiff negative-fractured casts in tubules with giant cell reaction around them. The tubular epithelial cells showed intracytoplasmic bile pigment. On direct immunofluorescence, casts showed kappa restriction. A diagnosis of bilirubin proximal tubulopathy and light chain cast nephropathy was made, and possibility of myeloma was suggested. On further evaluation, κ:λ ratio was 27, β2 microglobulin was 8036 ng/ml, and bone marrow examination showed 5% plasma cells. There were no bony lesions, and serum calcium was 8.6 mg/dl. The present case is unique in two aspects. First, the patient developed MGRS triggered by acute hepatitis E in less than a month. Second, the MGRS lesion was manifested in the form of light chain cast nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agrawal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Kumar
- Department of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - M U S Sachdeva
- Department of Hematopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Malhotra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Nada
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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25
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Shukla S, Cyrta J, Murphy DA, Walczak EG, Ran L, Agrawal P, Xie Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhan Y, Li D, Wong EWP, Sboner A, Beltran H, Mosquera JM, Sher J, Cao Z, Wongvipat J, Koche RP, Gopalan A, Zheng D, Rubin MA, Scher HI, Chi P, Chen Y. Aberrant Activation of a Gastrointestinal Transcriptional Circuit in Prostate Cancer Mediates Castration Resistance. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:792-806.e7. [PMID: 29153843 PMCID: PMC5728174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer exhibits a lineage-specific dependence on androgen signaling. Castration resistance involves reactivation of androgen signaling or activation of alternative lineage programs to bypass androgen requirement. We describe an aberrant gastrointestinal-lineage transcriptome expressed in ∼5% of primary prostate cancer that is characterized by abbreviated response to androgen-deprivation therapy and in ∼30% of castration-resistant prostate cancer. This program is governed by a transcriptional circuit consisting of HNF4G and HNF1A. Cistrome and chromatin analyses revealed that HNF4G is a pioneer factor that generates and maintains enhancer landscape at gastrointestinal-lineage genes, independent of androgen-receptor signaling. In HNF4G/HNF1A-double-negative prostate cancer, exogenous expression of HNF4G at physiologic levels recapitulates the gastrointestinal transcriptome, chromatin landscape, and leads to relative castration resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Shukla
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joanna Cyrta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Devan A Murphy
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Edward G Walczak
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Leili Ran
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yuedan Chen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shangqian Wang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yu Zhan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Elissa W P Wong
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrea Sboner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY 10065, USA; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Juan Miguel Mosquera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jessica Sher
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhen Cao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John Wongvipat
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard P Koche
- Center of Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Departments of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Departments of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Howard I Scher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ping Chi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Yu Chen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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26
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Fontanals-Cirera B, Hasson D, Vardabasso C, Di Micco R, Agrawal P, Chowdhury A, Gantz M, de Pablos-Aragoneses A, Morgenstern A, Wu P, Filipescu D, Valle-Garcia D, Darvishian F, Roe JS, Davies MA, Vakoc CR, Hernando E, Bernstein E. Harnessing BET Inhibitor Sensitivity Reveals AMIGO2 as a Melanoma Survival Gene. Mol Cell 2017; 68:731-744.e9. [PMID: 29149598 PMCID: PMC5993436 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bromodomain and extraterminal domain inhibitors (BETi) represent promising therapeutic agents for metastatic melanoma, yet their mechanism of action remains unclear. Here we interrogated the transcriptional effects of BETi and identified AMIGO2, a transmembrane molecule, as a BET target gene essential for melanoma cell survival. AMIGO2 is upregulated in melanoma cells and tissues compared to human melanocytes and nevi, and AMIGO2 silencing in melanoma cells induces G1/S arrest followed by apoptosis. We identified the pseudokinase PTK7 as an AMIGO2 interactor whose function is regulated by AMIGO2. Epigenomic profiling and genome editing revealed that AMIGO2 is regulated by a melanoma-specific BRD2/4-bound promoter and super-enhancer configuration. Upon BETi treatment, BETs are evicted from these regulatory elements, resulting in AMIGO2 silencing and changes in PTK7 proteolytic processing. Collectively, this study uncovers mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of BETi in melanoma and reveals the AMIGO2-PTK7 axis as a targetable pathway for metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fontanals-Cirera
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan Hasson
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Vardabasso
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Asif Chowdhury
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madeleine Gantz
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana de Pablos-Aragoneses
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Morgenstern
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pamela Wu
- Institute of Systems Genetics, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan Filipescu
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Valle-Garcia
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Farbod Darvishian
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Emily Bernstein
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, 1470 Madison Avenue, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Huntoon V, Widrick J, Sanchez C, Kutchukian C, Cao S, Beggs A, Jacquemond V, Agrawal P. SPEG deficiency is associated with muscle weakness, triad defect, abnormal calcium handling and EC coupling. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Agrawal P, Fontanals-Cirera B, Sokolova E, Jacob S, Vaiana CA, Argibay D, Davalos V, McDermott M, Nayak S, Darvishian F, Castillo M, Ueberheide B, Osman I, Fenyö D, Mahal LK, Hernando E. A Systems Biology Approach Identifies FUT8 as a Driver of Melanoma Metastasis. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:804-819.e7. [PMID: 28609658 PMCID: PMC5649440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Association of aberrant glycosylation with melanoma progression is based mainly on analyses of cell lines. Here we present a systems-based study of glycomic changes and corresponding enzymes associated with melanoma metastasis in patient samples. Upregulation of core fucosylation (FUT8) and downregulation of α-1,2 fucosylation (FUT1, FUT2) were identified as features of metastatic melanoma. Using both in vitro and in vivo studies, we demonstrate FUT8 is a driver of melanoma metastasis which, when silenced, suppresses invasion and tumor dissemination. Glycoprotein targets of FUT8 were enriched in cell migration proteins including the adhesion molecule L1CAM. Core fucosylation impacted L1CAM cleavage and the ability of L1CAM to support melanoma invasion. FUT8 and its targets represent therapeutic targets in melanoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Barbara Fontanals-Cirera
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Elena Sokolova
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Samson Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Christopher A Vaiana
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Diana Argibay
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Veronica Davalos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Meagan McDermott
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Shruti Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Farbod Darvishian
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mireia Castillo
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Beatrix Ueberheide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Iman Osman
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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29
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Agrawal P, Ganeriwal V. Dexmedetomidine as anesthetic adjuvant in moyamoya patients for EDAS procedure: Our institutional experience. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/2348-0548-199956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Agrawal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V. Ganeriwal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- M Razmi T
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Agrawal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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31
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Garg R, Singh S, Dhiman S, Agrawal P, Prakash P. Novel Bio-Markers for Prediction of Preeclampsia. Nepal j obstet gynaecol 2016. [DOI: 10.3126/njog.v11i1.16237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy related disorder. It is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two to eight percent of pregnancies were affected by PE. It is characterized by de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease is unknown, but recent studies have revealed that placenta is the place of origin of this disorder and widespread maternal endothelial dysfunction is the characteristic feature of the disease. Some biochemical molecules are identified recently which are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, which may help in early identification of patients at risk and help in providing proper prenatal care. Several promising biomarkers have been proposed, alone or in combination. Maternal serum concentrations of these biomarkers either increase or decrease in PE during gestation. This review focuses on the various biomarkers available and their utility in prediction and diagnosis of pre-eclampsia.
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33
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Rao JP, Agrawal P, Mohammad R, Rao SK, Reddy GR, Dechamma HJ, S Suryanarayana VV. Expression of VP1 protein of serotype A and O of foot-and-mouth disease virus in transgenic sunnhemp plants and its immunogenicity for guinea pigs. Acta Virol 2016; 56:91-9. [PMID: 22720698 DOI: 10.4149/av_2012_02_91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recently, transgenic plants expressing immunogenic proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have been used as oral or parenteral vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). They exhibit advantages like cost effectiveness, absence of processing, thermostability, and easy oral application. FMDV VP1 protein of single serotype has been mostly used as immunogen. Here we report the development of a bivalent vaccine with tandem-linked VP1 proteins of two serotypes, A and O, present in transgenic forage crop Crotalaria juncea. The expression of the bivalent protein in the transgenic plants was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Guinea pig reacted to orally or parenterally applied vaccine by humoral as well as cell-mediated immune responses including serum antibodies and stimulated lymphocytes, respectively. The vaccine protected the animals against a challenge with the virus of serotype A as well as O. This is the first report on the development of a bivalent FMD vaccine using a forage crop. KEYWORDS foot-and-mouth disease; sunnhemp; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; FMDV-VP1 gene; serotype O and A; in planta transformation; transgenic plants; bivalent vaccine.
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34
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Rodricks D, Gupta A, Phulambrikar T, Singh SK, Sharma BK, Agrawal P. Anatomical and Morphological Characterization of the Nasopalatine Canal: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study. Mymensingh Med J 2016; 25:349-356. [PMID: 27277370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The anterior maxilla, also called pre-maxilla, is an area frequently requiring surgical interventions. Rehabilitation of this area remains a complex restorative challenge. The most prominent anatomical structure within the anterior maxilla is the Nasopalatine Canal. Thorough knowledge about this anatomical structure plays an important role in the successful outcomes of surgical procedures. This retrospective study was done to evaluate the anatomy and morphology of the Nasopalatine Canal using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The study included 125 subjects aged between 15 and 78 years who were divided into the following 5 groups: i) 15-30 years, ii) 30-45 years, iii) 45-60 years, iv) 60-75 years, v) ≥75 years in the Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India from January 2012 to January 2015. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed using a standard exposure and patient positioning protocol. The data of the CBCT images were sliced in three dimensions. Image planes on the three axes (X, Y, and Z) were sequentially analyzed for the location, morphology and dimensions of the Nasopalatine Canal. The correlation of age and gender with all the variables were evaluated. ANOVA and Z-test was used. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Males and females showed significant differences in the length of the canal and anterior bone width in the sagittal sections. Inverted L was identified as a new dimension to the morphological shape of Nasopalatine Canal in central Madhya Pradesh population. The present study highlighted important variability observed in the anatomy and morphology of the Nasopalatine Canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rodricks
- Dr Deepshikha Rodricks, Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; E-mail: deepshikha.rodricks@ gmail.com
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35
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Vishnoi J, Gupta S, Kumar V, Jamal N, Agrawal P, Misra S, Kori C, Rajan S, Dontula P. 2847 Importance of tumor thickness using intraoral ultrasound in predicting nodal metastasis in early oral cancer. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Agrawal P, George R, Thomas M, Has C, Pas H, Schmidt E, Leverkus M. A childhood subepidermal autoimmune bullous disease resembling mechanobullous epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:871-4. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Christian Medical College and Hospital; Vellore 632004 India
| | - R. George
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Christian Medical College and Hospital; Vellore 632004 India
| | - M. Thomas
- Department of Pathology; Christian Medical College and Hospital; Vellore 632004 India
| | - C. Has
- Department of Dermatology; University of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | - H. Pas
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - E. Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160 Lübeck 23538 Germany
| | - M. Leverkus
- Section of Molecular Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; University Hospital Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3 Mannheim 68167 Germany
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37
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Agrawal P. Re: widespread non-adherence to evidence-based maternity care guidelines: a population-based cluster randomised household survey. BJOG 2015; 122:883-884. [PMID: 25892470 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Agrawal
- MSD for Mothers, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
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38
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Abstract
Lectin microarray technology has been used to profile the glycosylation of a multitude of biological and clinical samples, leading to new clinical biomarkers and advances in glycobiology. Lectin microarrays, which include >90 plant lectins, recombinant lectins, and selected antibodies, are used to profile N-linked, O-linked, and glycolipid glycans. The specificity and depth of glycan profiling depends upon the carbohydrate-binding proteins arrayed. The current set targets mammalian carbohydrates including fucose, high mannose, branched and complex N-linked, α- and β-galactose and GalNAc, α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialic acid, LacNAc, and Lewis X epitopes. Previous protocols have described the use of a contact microarray printer for lectin microarray production. Here, an updated protocol that uses a non-contact, piezoelectric printer, which leads to increased lectin activity on the array, is presented. Optimization of print and sample hybridization conditions and methods of analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanoelani T Pilobello
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Chemistry Institute, New York University, New York, USA
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39
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Soni S, Agrawal P, Kumar N, Mittal G, Nishad DK, Chaudhury NK, Bhatnagar A, Basu M, Chhillar N. Salivary biochemical markers as potential acute toxicity parameters for acute radiation injury: A study on small experimental animals. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:221-8. [PMID: 25813962 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115579433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have been evaluating several biodosimetric/screening approaches to assess acute radiation injury, related to mass causality. Keeping in mind this background, we hypothesized that effect of whole-body irradiation in single fraction in graded doses can affect the secretion of various salivary components that could be used as acute radiation injury/toxicity marker, which can be used in screening of large population at the time of nuclear accidents/disaster. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats treated with whole-body cobalt-60 gamma irradiation of dose 1-5 Gy (dose rate: 0.95 Gy/min) were included in this study. Whole mixed saliva was collected from all animals before and after radiation up to 72 h postradiation. Saliva was analyzed for electrolytes, total protein, urea, and amylase. Intragroup comparison of salivary parameters at different radiation doses showed significant differences. Potassium was significantly increased as the dose increased from 1 Gy to 5 Gy (p < 0.01) with effect size of difference (r > 0.5). Sodium was significantly altered after 3-5 Gy (p < 0.01, r > 0.5), except 1 and 2 Gy, whereas changes in sodium level were nonsignificant (p > 0.5). Urea, total protein, and amylase levels were also significantly increased as the radiation dose increased (p < 0.01) with large effect size of difference (r > 0.5). This study suggests that salivary parameters were sensitive toward radiation even at low radiation dose which can be used as a predictor of radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - P Agrawal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - N Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - G Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - D K Nishad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - N K Chaudhury
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - A Bhatnagar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - M Basu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - N Chhillar
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is recognized as a major cause of blindness among children in India. OBJECTIVE To find out the prevalence of VAD in rural children of Uttar Pradesh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was undertaken amongst children (0-15 years) in a rural area of Bareilly (Uttar Pradesh) where the study population was selected by simple random sampling out of villages under a Primary Health Centre. Out of 844 children, 802 participated in the study. The WHO classification of xerophthalmia was used. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of xerophthalmia was 5.4 %. The prevalence of Bitot's spots was 0.9 % in children under six years of age and 3.3 % in children above six years. The prevalence of xerophthalmia was significantly more in older children. Overall, the prevalence of anemia was found to be 11.8 % in the study population. A significantly high prevalence of xerophthalmia (OR= 5.7; 95 % CI = 2.8 - 11.5) was observed in children suffering from anemia. CONCLUSION The presence of a milder manifestation of xerophthalmia and a 0.9 % prevalence of Bitot's spot in children under six years of age in the present study shows a declining trend of VAD although it is still a public health problem. The higher prevalence in children above six years of age shows that apart from strengthening of Vitamin A prophylaxis programs, health education is needed for dietary diversification to include vegetables and fruits in the diet for long-term sustainability in improving the vitamin A status of children of all age groups.
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Agrawal P, Venkatesh AK. Impact of the Affordable Care Act on health insurance access, coverage, and cost for refugees resettled in the USA. The Lancet Global Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(15)70128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Agrawal P, Vegda R, Laddha K. Simultaneous Estimation of Withaferin A and Z-Guggulsterone in Marketed Formulation by RP-HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:940-4. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rajeshkumar B, Agrawal P, Rashighi M, Saidi RF. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Co-stimulation Blockade Enhance Bone Marrow Engraftment and Induce Immunological Tolerance. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2015; 6:55-60. [PMID: 26082829 PMCID: PMC4464279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organ transplantation currently requires long-term immunosuppression. This is associated with multiple complications including infection, malignancy and other toxicities. Immunologic tolerance is considered the optimal solution to these limitations. OBJECTIVE To develop a simple and non-toxic regimen to induce mixed chimerism and tolerance using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) in a murine model. METHODS Wild type C57BL6 (H2D(k)) and Bal/C (H2D(d)) mice were used as donors and recipients, respectively. We studied to achieve tolerance to skin grafts (SG) through mixed chimerism (MC) by simultaneous skin graft and non-myeloablative donor bone marrow transplantation (DBMT) +/- MSC. All recipients received rapamycin and CTLA-4 Ig without radiation. RESULTS DBMT+MSC combined with co-stimulation blockage and rapamycin led to stable mixed chimerism, expansion of Tregs population and donor-specific skin graft tolerance. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that recipient mice developed 15%-85% chimerism. The skin allografts survived for a long time. Elimination of MSC failed to induce mixed chimerism and tolerance. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that donor-specific immune tolerance can be effectively induced by non-myeloablative DBMT-MSC combination without any additional cytoreductive treatment. This approach provides a promising and non-toxic allograft tolerance strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Rajeshkumar
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - P. Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - M. Rashighi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - R. F. Saidi
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Correspondence:Reza F. Saidi, MD, FICS, FACS, Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA Tel: +98-401-444-4861, Fax: +98-401-444-3283, E-mail:
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Maruthappu M, Ng KYB, Williams C, Atun R, Agrawal P, Zeltner T. The association between government healthcare spending and maternal mortality in the European Union, 1981-2010: a retrospective study. BJOG 2014; 122:1216-24. [PMID: 25492692 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between reductions in government healthcare spending (GHS) on maternal mortality in 24 countries in the European Union (EU) over a 30-year period, 1981-2010. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING AND POPULATION Twenty-four EU countries (a total population of 419 million as of 2010). METHODS We used multivariate regression analysis, controlling for country-specific differences in healthcare, infrastructure, population size and demographic structure. GHS was measured as a percentage of gross domestic product. Five-year lag-time analyses were performed to estimate longer standing effects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Maternal mortality rates. RESULTS An annual 1% decrease in GHS is associated with significant rises in maternal mortality rates [regression coefficient [R] 0.0177, P = 0.0021, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.0065-0.0289]. For every annual 1% decrease in GHS, we estimate 89 excess maternal deaths in the EU, a 10.6% annual increase in maternal mortality. The impact on maternal mortality was sustained for up to 1 year (R 0.0150, P = 0.0034, 95% CI 0.0050-0.0250). The associations remained significant after accounting for economic, infrastructure and hospital resource controls, in addition to out-of-pocket expenditure, private health spending and total fertility rate. However, accounting for births attended by skilled staff removed the significance of these effects. CONCLUSIONS Reductions in GHS were significantly associated with increased maternal mortality rates, which may occur through changes in the provision of skilled health professionals attending births. Examples of reduced GHS such as the implementation of austerity measures and budgetary reductions are likely to worsen maternal mortality in the EU.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Y B Ng
- Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Williams
- The Economist, London, UK.,Faculty of History, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Atun
- Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Agrawal
- Women and Health Initiative, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Zeltner
- Special Envoy for Financing to the Director General of the World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.,University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Jalota A, Scarabelli TM, Saravolatz L, Bakhsh MU, Agrawal P, Jalota R, Chen-Scarabelli C, Fuster V, Halperin J. Novel Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2014; 28:247-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-014-6524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Zhang Y, Kurcon T, Agrawal P, Mahal L. Synthesis of glucose‐β‐1,3‐fucose‐α‐O‐threonine/serine to identify critical epitope in Peters‐plus syndrome (792.1). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.792.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- ChemistryNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUnited States
| | | | | | - Lara Mahal
- ChemistryNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUnited States
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Kurcon T, Agrawal P, Koppolu S, Pilobello K, Mahal L. microRNA define the glycocode: identification of critical glycogenes that shape the cell (788.6). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.788.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lara Mahal
- ChemistryNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUnited States
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Agrawal P, Pandey A, Sompura S, Khandelwal G, Yadav S. A rare case report showing direct association between hepatitis B and bulbar palsy. J Assoc Physicians India 2014; 62:267-268. [PMID: 25327074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bulbar Palsy is B/L impairment of function of cranial N. 9, 10, 11, 12 at lower motor neuron level either at nuclear or fascicular level in medulla or B/L lesion of lower cranial N. outside brainstem. We present case of viral hepatitis who initially presented with classical signs and symptoms of hepatitis B followed by characteristic features of bulbar palsy in form of difficulty in swallowing and slurring of speech reduced gag reflex, weak palatal movement. Other causes for bulbar palsy were excluded and indirect laryngoscopy confirmed presence of bulbar palsy. Patient had no previous neurological abnormality, there are many studies in the past for association of hepatitis B and bulbar palsy but no one confirmed about a direct association between hepatitis B and bulbar palsy. To best of knowledge this is the first case report which shows direct association between hepatitis B and bulbar palsy.
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Kalra N, Agrawal P, Mittal V, Kochhar R, Gupta V, Nada R, Singh R, Khandelwal N. Spectrum of imaging findings on MDCT enterography in patients with small bowel tuberculosis. Clin Radiol 2013; 69:315-22. [PMID: 24290774 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is the sixth most common extrapulmonary site of involvement. The sites of involvement in abdominal tuberculosis, in descending order of frequency, are lymph nodes, genitourinary tract, peritoneal cavity, and gastrointestinal tract. The radiological armamentarium for evaluating tuberculosis of the small bowel (SBTB) includes barium studies (small bowel follow-through, SBFT), CT (multidetector CT, CT enterography, and CT enteroclysis), ultrasound (sonoenteroclysis), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; enterography and enteroclysis). In this review, we illustrate the abnormalities at MDCT enterography in 20 consecutive patients with SB TB and also describe extraluminal findings in these patients. MDCT enterography allows non-invasive good-quality assessment of well-distended bowel loops and the adjacent soft tissues. It displays the thickness and enhancement of the entire bowel wall in all three planes and allows examination of all bowel loops, especially the ileal loops, which are mostly superimposed. The terminal ileum and ileocaecal junction are the most common sites of small bowel involvement in intestinal TB. The most common abnormality is short-segment strictures with symmetrical concentric mural thickening and homogeneous mural enhancement. Other findings include lymphadenopathy, ascites, enteroliths, peritoneal thickening, and enhancement. In conclusion, MDCT enterography is a comprehensive technique for the evaluation of SB TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - P Agrawal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Mittal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Kochhar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Nada
- Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Singh
- Department of Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Khandelwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Agrawal P, Pandey A, Sompura S, Pursnani ML. Role of blood C - reactive protein levels in upper urinary tract infection and lower urinary tract infection in adult patients (>16 years). J Assoc Physicians India 2013; 61:462-463. [PMID: 24772749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Role of blood C - reactive protein levels in upper urinary tract infection and lower urinary tract infection in adult patients (>16 years). MATERIAL AND METHODS Study included 2 groups of patients -Test group (n=58). Control group (n=28).Test group further classified into 2 groups- a). Patients having upper urinary tract infection b). Patients having lower urinary tract infection. Patients were subjected to following tests - complete hemogram, blood C-reactive protein levels, urinalysis. RESULTS The mean value of C-reactive protein in the cases of upper urinary tract infection 127.33 mg/L which is statistically significantly raised when compared to control(t-value 12.370 and p-value<0.01). C-reactive protein was significantly raised in upper urinary tract infection in comparison to control group( p<0.01), while in lower urinary tract infection this difference was insignificant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION C-reactive protein has a good diagnostic role in differentiating upper and lower urinary tract infection. The simple size of our study is very small to say these authentically, hence, further studies of large number of cases is required.
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