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Anbalagan S, Gordon L, Blechman J, Matsuoka RL, Rajamannar P, Wircer E, Biran J, Reuveny A, Leshkowitz D, Stainier DYR, Levkowitz G. Pituicyte Cues Regulate the Development of Permeable Neuro-Vascular Interfaces. Dev Cell 2018; 47:711-726.e5. [PMID: 30449506 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (HNS) regulates homeostasis through the passage of neurohormones and blood-borne proteins via permeable blood capillaries that lack the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Why neurohypophyseal capillaries become permeable while the neighboring vasculature of the brain forms BBB remains unclear. We show that pituicytes, the resident astroglial cells of the neurohypophysis, express genes that are associated with BBB breakdown during neuroinflammation. Pituicyte-enriched factors provide a local microenvironment that instructs a permeable neurovascular conduit. Thus, genetic and pharmacological perturbations of Vegfa and Tgfβ3 affected HNS vascular morphogenesis and permeability and impaired the expression of the fenestral marker plvap. The anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone decreased HNS permeability and downregulated the pituicyte-specific cyp26b gene, encoding a retinoic acid catabolic enzyme. Inhibition of Cyp26b activity led to upregulation of tight junction protein Claudin-5 and decreased permeability. We conclude that pituicyte-derived factors regulate the "decision" of endothelial cells to adopt a permeable endothelial fate instead of forming a BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savani Anbalagan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ludmila Gordon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Janna Blechman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ryota L Matsuoka
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Preethi Rajamannar
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Einav Wircer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jakob Biran
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Letziyon 7528809, Israel
| | - Adriana Reuveny
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Dena Leshkowitz
- Bioinformatics Unit, LSCF Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Gil Levkowitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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