Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide, Propolis, and Glycyrrhiza glabra as Intracanal Medicaments in Root Canal Treatment

AIM

To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of Ca(OH)₂, 25% propolis, and 25% Glycyrrhiza glabra as intracanal medicaments in root canal treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Total 60 freshly extracted permanent incisors were decoronated and chemomechanical preparation of root canal was performed. Samples were inoculated with a pure culture of Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 21 days. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were recorded before medication. Incubated samples were randomly categorized into three groups, namely, Ca(OH)₂, propolis, and G. glabra, with 20 samples in each group. Antibacterial activity was assessed by evaluating the variance in the CFUs on Day 7. Paired "t" test and Post-hoc Tukey's test were applied to analyze the data.

RESULTS

Reduction of CFUs was noticed in all the groups (p <0.001), however the reduction was more predominant in the propolis group.

CONCLUSION

Propolis is more effective against E. faecalis, when compared to G. glabra and Ca(OH)₂.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Propolis could be used as an effective medicament in root canal treatment.

Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Diode Laser, Ultrasonic Activated and Conventional Irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl during RCT: An Interventional Study

AIM AND OBJECTIVE

The aim and objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of a diode laser irradiation, ultrasonic activated and conventional irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl on obligatory and facultative anaerobic bacteria in single-rooted canals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Total of 60 permanent maxillary and mandibular single-rooted (single canal) anterior teeth were selected. First microbial sample (S1) was collected after access opening and working length determination, using a sterile paper point. Cleaning and shaping were performed, with each instrument change accompanied by irrigation using 2 mL 2.5% NaOCl. After cleaning and shaping, disinfection protocol using diode laser (group1), ultrasonic activated irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl (group 2) and conventional irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl (group 3) was performed and second microbial sample (S2) was obtained. The colony characters of each type of growth on each media were noted and the organisms were identified using standard biochemical reactions.

RESULT

Gram-positive and gram-negative facultative anaerobe were predominantly isolated from the culture, and the highest reduction of the microbial count was seen in diode laser group with 60.92% followed by the ultrasonic group with 47.22% reduction and least reduction was observed in conventional irrigation with the ultrasonic group with 37.97%. The results were statistically significant with p-value <0.05.

CONCLUSION

Diode laser disinfection showed the highest reduction of microbial count compared to ultrasonic activated and conventional needle irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl group.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

This study will help us to choose wisely between various irrigating methods and protocols. Diode laser in our study has shown superior disinfection of the root canals compared to others.

Reattachment of an Autogenous Tooth Fragment in Complicated Crown Fracture

The occurrence of dental traumas in children is on the rise, according to the literature, and require correct and adequate treatment specific to each fracture in order to preserve the remaining tooth. This article reports a case of a complicated crown fracture of maxillary right central incisor. It describes the reattachment of the original tooth fragment to the fractured tooth, provides benefits of maintaining the tooth's shape, color texture and translucency of the restoration.