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Das Sarkar S, Naskar M, Sahu SK, Bera AK, Manna SK, Swain PR, Majhi P, Saha K, Banerjee S, Vanniaraj SK, Sarkar DJ, Nag SK, Samanta S, Das BK, Mohanty BP. Trophic transfer patterns of arsenic in freshwater ecosystem layers in arsenic-endemic Ganges Delta and its potential human health risk. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:126178-126194. [PMID: 38008832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30969-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic environmental contaminant with global public health concern. In aquatic ecosystems, the quantification of total As is restricted chiefly to the individual organisms. The present study has quantified the total As in different trophic layers (sediment-water-phytoplankton-periphyton-zooplankton-fish-gastropod-hydrophytes) of lentic freshwater ecosystems. As transfer pathways quantifying the transmission rate across trophic-level compartmental route were delineated using a novel model-based approach along with its potential contamination risk to humans. Lentic water bodies from Indo-Gangetic region, a core area of groundwater As, were selected for the present investigation. The study revealed that among the lower biota, zooplankton were the highest accumulator of total As (5554-11,564 µg kg-1) with magnification (rate = 1.129) of the metalloid, followed by phytoplankton (2579-6865 µg kg-1) and periphytic biofilm (1075 to 4382 µg kg -1). Muscle tissue of zooplanktivore Labeo catla is found to store higher As (80-115 µg kg-1 w.w.) compared to bottom-dwelling omnivore Cirrhinus mrigala (58-92 µg kg-1 w.w.). Whereas, Amblypharyngodon mola has accumulated higher As (203-319 µg kg-1 w.w.) than Puntius sophore (30-98 µg kg-1 w.w.) that raised further concern. The hepatic concentration indicated arsenic-mediated stress based on As stress index (threshold value = 1). Mrigal and Mola showed significant biomagnification among fishes while biodiminution was observed in Catla, Bata, Rohu and Punti. All the studied fishes were under the arsenic mediated stress. In the 'sediment-water-periphytic biofilm-gastropod' compartment, the direct grazing accumulation was higher (rate = 0.618) than the indirect path (rate = 0.587). Stems of edible freshwater macrophytes accumulated lesser As (32-190 µg kg-1 d.w.) than roots (292-946 µg kg-1 d.w.) and leaves (62-231 µg kg-1 d.w.). The target cancer risk (TCR) revealed a greater concern for adults consuming edible macrophyte regularly. Similarly, the varied level of target hazard quotient and TCR for adults consuming fishes from these waterbodies further speculated significant health concerns. The trophic transfer rate of environmental As in soil-water-biota level at an increasing trophic guild and consumer risk analysis have been unravelled for the first time in the Indo-Gangetic plains, which will be helpful for the strategic mitigation of As contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Das Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Malay Naskar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Asit Kumar Bera
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sanjib Kumar Manna
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Prajna Ritambhara Swain
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritijyoti Majhi
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Keya Saha
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudarshan Banerjee
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Santhana Kumar Vanniaraj
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Dhruba Jyoti Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Subir Kumar Nag
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Srikanta Samanta
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Bimal Prasanna Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Fisheries Science Division, Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan II, Pusa, New Delhi, 110 012, India
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Zagozdzon-Wosik W, Rusakova I, Darne C, Zhang ZH, Van Der Heide P, Majhi P. Microstructure and electrical properties of diborides modified by rapid thermal annealing. J Microsc 2006; 223:227-30. [PMID: 17059536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2006.01626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diborides of Ti, Hf and Zr are thermally, mechanically and chemically stable with good thermal and electrical conductivity. We tested their properties in front-end processes used in Si integrated circuits (IC). Films were deposited by e-beam evaporation either on Si, for the formation of contacts to the source/drain (S/D) regions, or on Si oxides, for the formation of metal gates in p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) transistors. We focused on their crystallization caused by rapid thermal processing (RTP) at temperatures up to 1100 degrees C. Transmission electron microscopy was used for identification of nanocrystallites of TiB(2), ZrB(2), and HfB(2). The grain growth was correlated with temperature and time of RTP. Of all borides, HfB(2) resulted in the most complete crystallization with little amorphous phase left. There was no crystallographic degradation of the interface with Si or dielectrics, except for extreme thermal budgets. Complementary techniques were used for monitoring chemical stability and electrical parameters of test structures to assess the role of recrystallization in device behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zagozdzon-Wosik
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Najdoski MZ, Majhi P, Grozdanov IS. A simple chemical method for preparation of hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti6Al4V substrate. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2001; 12:479-483. [PMID: 15348261 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011255210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple and economical chemical bath method for deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite coating has been developed. The coatings were prepared from EDTA solutions in alkaline media on Ti6Al4V substrates. The method is based on thermal dissociation of the Ca(EDTA)2- complex at 65-95 degrees C. Two chemical baths with and without presence of Na+ and Cl- were used for the deposition. The Rutherford back scattering study shows that the coating material from bath which contained sodium and chlorine ions have their presence in the coated material. The bath which has been prepared with potassium substituting sodium and nitrate substituting chlorine produced coatings with better stoichiometry, with Ca/P=1,67. The X-ray analysis revealed that the calcium hydroxyapatite coatings have preferred crystal orientation in the 002 direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Najdoski
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Sts. Cyril and Methodius University, POB 162, Arhimedova 5, 91000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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