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Mubeen M, Bakhtawar F, Iftikhar Y, Shakeel Q, Sajid A, Iqbal R, Aljowaie RM, Chaudhary T. Biological and molecular characterization of citrus bent leaf viroid. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28209. [PMID: 38586335 PMCID: PMC10998147 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) is one of the emerging and widely distributed viroids in citrus-growing areas of the world, including Pakistan. Previously, CBLVd has been reported in Pakistan for the first time in 2009. Therefore, characterization of CBLVd is required to monitor the viroid status in the citrus orchards concerning citrus decline. Methods Biological and molecular characterization of CBLVd was studied through biological indexing and confirmation through RT-PCR, followed by phylogenetic analysis of selected CBLVd isolates. Among four citrus cultivars viz., Kinnow (Citrus nobilis × Citrus deliciosa), Mosambi (C. sinensis), Futrell's Early (C. reticulata) and Lemon (C. medica) used as indicator plants for two transmission trials viz., graft inoculation and mechanical inoculation. Graft inoculation was more efficient than mechanical inoculation. Results Symptoms such as mild mosaic, slight backward leaf bending, and leaf curling were observed after eight months' post-inoculation. Citrus nobilis × Citrus deliciosa, C. reticulata and C. sinensis were more sensitive to CBLVd as compared to C. medica. Inoculated plants were reconfirmed through RT-PCR amplicons of 233 bp. The phylogenetic tree of submitted sequences showed more than 90% relevance of CBLVd in Pakistan compared to the rest of the world. Conclusions There was slight genetic variability, but more than 90% relevance was found among the submitted and already reported CBLVd isolate from Pakistan. Scanty literature is available regarding the biological and molecular studies of CBLVd in Pakistan. Therefore, the transmission and molecular characterization of CBLVd in Pakistan were studied for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustansar Mubeen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Faheema Bakhtawar
- Pest Warning & Quality Control of Pesticides, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Iftikhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ashara Sajid
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Reem M. Aljowaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Chaudhary
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences 2100, Godollo, Hungary
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Ahmed W, Dai Z, Zhang J, Shakeel Q, Kamaruzzaman M, Nosheen S, Mohany M, Ahmed A, Cai S, Wang Y, Gao Y, Ahmad M, Munir S, Wang X. Ralstonia solanacearum differentially modulates soil physicochemical properties and rhizospheric bacteriome of resistant and susceptible tobacco cultivars. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127604. [PMID: 38280370 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating soilborne pathogen which poses significant yield and economic losses to tobacco production globally. The impact of R. solanacearum on rhizosphere bacteriome and soil physicochemical characteristics in resistant and susceptible tobacco cultivars is poorly understood. This study aims to determine the effect of R. solanacearum on soil physicochemical parameters and rhizosphere bacteriome of resistant (K326) and susceptible (Hongda) tobacco cultivars at various growth stages. Results demonstrated that the contents of available potassium and phosphorus, as well as soil pH were significantly increased in K326 soils (CK and T2) compared with Hongda (T1) after 21, 42, and 63 days post-inoculation (dpi) of R. solanacearum except for available nitrogen which showed an opposite trend. The qPCR results showed a significant decrease in R. solanacearum population in rhizosphere of K326 (T2) compared to the Hongda (T1) at 21 and 63 dpi than that after 42 dpi. The rhizosphere bacteriome analysis through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that rhizosphere bacterial community composition was significantly different between two tobacco cultivars (Hongda and K326) and this effect was more prominent after 63 dpi (93 days after post-transplantation), suggesting that each cultivar recruits a unique set of bacterial communities. There was no obvious difference observed in the rhizosphere bacteriome of CK (K326) and T2 (K326), which might be attributed to the same genetic makeup and inherent resistance of K326 to bacterial wilt infection. Analysis of co-occurrence networks revealed that the microbial network in T1 (Hongda) was more complex than those in T2 (K326) and CK (K326), while the networks in CK and T2 were almost identical. The present research highlights the time-course relationship between environmental factors and rhizosphere bacteriome of tobacco cultivars showing different levels of resistance against R. solanacearum. Conclusively, studying the plant-soil-microbe interaction system in susceptible and resistant tobacco cultivars may enable us to develop effective integrated disease control plans for the healthy production of tobacco crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmed
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenlin Dai
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinhao Zhang
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Md Kamaruzzaman
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaista Nosheen
- School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Ahmed
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Shujing Cai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Munir Ahmad
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Shahzad Munir
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Qureshi AK, Farooq U, Shakeel Q, Ali S, Ashiq S, Shahzad S, Tariq M, Seleiman MF, Jamal A, Saeed MF, Manachini B. The Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Avena fatua Extract: Antifungal Activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Pathogens 2023; 12:1247. [PMID: 37887762 PMCID: PMC10609796 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Using plant extracts as eco-friendly reducing and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of nanoparticles has gained significant attention in recent years. The current study explores the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Avena fatua extract and evaluates their antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol), a fungal plant pathogen. A green and sustainable approach was adopted to synthesize silver nanoparticles before these nanoparticles were employed for anti-fungal activity. The primary indication that AgNPs had formed was performed using UV-vis spectroscopy, where a strong peak at 425 nm indicated the effective formation of these nanoparticles. The indication of important functional groups acting as reducing and stabilizing agents was conducted using the FTIR study. Additionally, morphological studies were executed via SEM and AFM, which assisted with more effectively analyzing AgNPs. Crystalline behavior and size were estimated using powder XRD, and it was found that AgNPs were highly crystalline, and their size ranged from 5 to 25 nm. Synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antifungal activity against Fol at a concentration of 40 ppm. Furthermore, the inhibitory index confirmed a positive correlation between increasing AgNPs concentration and exposure duration. This study suggests that the combined phytochemical mycotoxic effect of the plant extract and the smaller size of synthesized AgNPs were responsible for the highest penetrating power to inhibit Fol growth. Moreover, this study highlights the potential of using plant extracts as reducing and capping agents for the green synthesis of AgNPs with antifungal properties. The study concludes that A. fatua extract can synthesize antifungal AgNPs as a sustainable approach with robust antifungal efficacy against Fol, underscoring their promising potential for integration into plant protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Kaleem Qureshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan;
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (U.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (U.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Sarfraz Ashiq
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (U.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Sohail Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Mahmoud F. Seleiman
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aftab Jamal
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Farhan Saeed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan;
| | - Barbara Manachini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Umer M, Mubeen M, Shakeel Q, Ali S, Iftikhar Y, Bajwa RT, Anwar N, Rao MJ, He Y. Mycoviruses: Antagonistic Potential, Fungal Pathogenesis, and Their Interaction with Rhizoctonia solani. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2515. [PMID: 37894173 PMCID: PMC10609472 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoviruses, or fungal viruses, are prevalent in all significant fungal kingdoms and genera. These low-virulence viruses can be used as biocontrol agents to manage fungal diseases. These viruses are divided into 19 officially recognized families and 1 unclassified genus. Mycoviruses alter sexual reproduction, pigmentation, and development. Spores and fungal hypha spread mycoviruses. Isometric particles mostly encapsulate dsRNA mycoviruses. The widespread plant-pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani, which has caused a rice sheath blight, has hosted many viruses with different morphologies. It causes significant crop diseases that adversely affect agriculture and the economy. Rice sheath blight threatens the 40% of the global population that relies on rice for food and nutrition. This article reviews mycovirology research on Rhizoctonia solani to demonstrate scientific advances. Mycoviruses control rice sheath blight. Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses are needed to control R. solani since no cultivars are resistant. Mycoviruses are usually cryptic, but they can benefit the host fungus. Phytopathologists may use hypovirulent viruses as biological control agents. New tools are being developed based on host genome studies to overcome the intellectual challenge of comprehending the interactions between viruses and fungi and the practical challenge of influencing these interactions to develop biocontrol agents against significant plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umer
- Forestry College, Research Centre of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mustansar Mubeen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (M.M.); (Y.I.)
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Q.S.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Yasir Iftikhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (M.M.); (Y.I.)
| | - Rabia Tahir Bajwa
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Q.S.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Naureen Anwar
- Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Junaid Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuejun He
- Forestry College, Research Centre of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Shakeel Q, Mubeen M, Sohail MA, Ali S, Iftikhar Y, Tahir Bajwa R, Aqueel MA, Upadhyay SK, Divvela PK, Zhou L. An explanation of the mystifying bakanae disease narrative for tomorrow's rice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153437. [PMID: 37143531 PMCID: PMC10151534 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice production is severely hampered by the bakanae disease (Fusarium fujikuroi), formerly recognized as Fusarium moniliforme. F. moniliforme was called the F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) because it was later discovered that it had some separate species. The FFSC's constituents are also well recognized for producing phytohormones, which include auxins, cytokinin, and gibberellins (GAs). The normal symptoms of bakanae disease in rice are exacerbated by GAs. The members of the FFSC are responsible for the production of fumonisin (FUM), fusarins, fusaric acid, moniliformin, and beauvericin. These are harmful to both human and animal health. This disease is common around the world and causes significant yield losses. Numerous secondary metabolites, including the plant hormone gibberellin, which causes classic bakanae symptoms, are produced by F. fujikuroi. The strategies for managing bakanae, including the utilization of host resistance, chemical compounds, biocontrol agents, natural goods, and physical approaches, have been reviewed in this study. Bakanae disease is still not entirely preventable, despite the adoption of many different tactics that have been used to manage it. The benefits and drawbacks of these diverse approaches are discussed by the authors. The mechanisms of action of the main fungicides as well as the strategies for resistance to them are outlined. The information compiled in this study will contribute to a better understanding of the bakanae disease and the development of a more effective management plan for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Shakeel
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mustansar Mubeen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir Sohail
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Iftikhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Yasir Iftikhar
| | - Rabia Tahir Bajwa
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Anjum Aqueel
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sudhir K. Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhou
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Ali S, Sajjad A, Shakeel Q, Farooqi MA, Aqueel MA, Tariq K, Ullah MI, Iqbal A, Jamal A, Saeed MF, Manachini B. Influence of Bacterial Secondary Symbionts in Sitobion avenae on Its Survival Fitness against Entomopathogenic Fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum. Insects 2022; 13:insects13111037. [PMID: 36354861 PMCID: PMC9696637 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The research was focused on the ability of wheat aphids Sitobion avenae, harboring bacterial secondary symbionts (BSS) Hamiltonella defensa or Regiella insecticola, to withstand exposure to fungal isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum. In comparison to aphids lacking bacterial secondary symbionts, BSS considerably increased the lifespan of wheat aphids exposed to B. bassiana strains (Bb1022, EABb04/01-Tip) and M. brunneum strains (ART 2825 and BIPESCO 5) and also reduced the aphids' mortality. The wheat aphid clones lacking bacterial secondary symbionts were shown to be particularly vulnerable to M. brunneum strain BIPESCO 5. As opposed to wheat aphids carrying bacterial symbionts, fungal pathogens infected the wheat aphids lacking H. defensa and R. insecticola more quickly. When treated with fungal pathogens, bacterial endosymbionts had a favorable effect on the fecundity of their host aphids compared to the aphids lacking these symbionts, but there was no change in fungal sporulation on the deceased aphids. By defending their insect hosts against natural enemies, BSS increase the population of their host society and may have a significant impact on the development of their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ali
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Asif Sajjad
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - M. Aslam Farooqi
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - M. Anjum Aqueel
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Tariq
- Department of Agriculture Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Aamir Iqbal
- Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Aftab Jamal
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhan Saeed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.F.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Barbara Manachini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.S.); (B.M.)
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Abbas A, Mubeen M, Zheng H, Sohail MA, Shakeel Q, Solanki MK, Iftikhar Y, Sharma S, Kashyap BK, Hussain S, del Carmen Zuñiga Romano M, Moya-Elizondo EA, Zhou L. Trichoderma spp. Genes Involved in the Biocontrol Activity Against Rhizoctonia solani. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:884469. [PMID: 35694310 PMCID: PMC9174946 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.884469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a pathogen that causes considerable harm to plants worldwide. In the absence of hosts, R. solani survives in the soil by forming sclerotia, and management methods, such as cultivar breeding, crop rotations, and fungicide sprays, are insufficient and/or inefficient in controlling R. solani. One of the most challenging problems facing agriculture in the twenty-first century besides with the impact of global warming. Environmentally friendly techniques of crop production and improved agricultural practices are essential for long-term food security. Trichoderma spp. could serve as an excellent example of a model fungus to enhance crop productivity in a sustainable way. Among biocontrol mechanisms, mycoparasitism, competition, and antibiosis are the fundamental mechanisms by which Trichoderma spp. defend against R. solani, thereby preventing or obstructing its proliferation. Additionally, Trichoderma spp. induce a mixed induced systemic resistance (ISR) or systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants against R. solani, known as Trichoderma-ISR. Stimulation of every biocontrol mechanism involves Trichoderma spp. genes responsible for encoding secondary metabolites, siderophores, signaling molecules, enzymes for cell wall degradation, and plant growth regulators. Rhizoctonia solani biological control through genes of Trichoderma spp. is summarized in this paper. It also gives information on the Trichoderma-ISR in plants against R. solani. Nonetheless, fast-paced current research on Trichoderma spp. is required to properly utilize their true potential against diseases caused by R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqleem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mustansar Mubeen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hongxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Aamir Sohail
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Yasir Iftikhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Yasir Iftikhar,
| | - Sagar Sharma
- Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India
| | - Sarfaraz Hussain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Lei Zhou,
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Ahsan M, Younis A, Nafees M, Tufail A, Shakeel Q, Raheel M, Nawaz F, Jaskani MJ, Amin M, Sajid M, Akhtar G, Bukhsh A, Siddiqua UH, Raza MA, Schwinghamer T, Zulfiqar H. Marginal quality water arbitrated essential oil contents in metal hoarded flower petals of scented roses. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 226:112853. [PMID: 34619475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and the consequent alteration in agricultural circumstances enhance the susceptibility of fresh water use particularly in water-scarce regions. Marginal quality water reuse is a common alternative practice but possible perils of metal accretion in plant parts are mostly ignored. The present research aimed to probe the impact of treated wastewater (TWW) and untreated wastewater (UTWW) on metal accumulation in flower petals and their influence on essential oil contents of fragrant Rosa species (R. Gruss-an-teplitz, R. bourboniana, R. centifolia, R. damascena) in a peri-urban area of Faisalabad, Pakistan during January, 2017 to December, 2018. The mineral and chemical contents in canal water (CW) and TWW were less than recommended levels of national environmental quality standards (NEQS) for wastewater of Pakistan. The experimentally UTWW possessed higher electrical conductivity (EC), biological and chemical oxygen demand (BOD and COD), and some metals (Pb, Co, Cr) that were above the permissible levels. The experimental data revealed that except Cr other metals contents in the flower petals were less than the WHO recommended limits (for medicinal plants) under experimental irrigation regimes. Rosa centifolia and R. damascena possessed higher metal i.e. Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Co contents while Fe and Ni contents were higher in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz and R. bourboniana respectively. There were twelve constituents which were detected in essential oil by gas chromatography. Major constituents were phenyl ethyl alcohol, citronellol, geranyl acetate, γ- undelactone, methyl eugenol, and limonene whose share was 48.17%, 41.11%, 8.46%, 4.82%, 4.44%, and 4.15% respectively whereas concentrations of other 06 constituents were less than 3.7%. Phenyl ethyl alcohol, lion shared constituent of essential oil was found highest (48.17%) in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz whereas minimum level was recorded in R. damascena (28.84%) under CW. In contrast, citronellol (chief component of fragrance) was highest in R. damascena (41.11%) in UTWW while the lowest level was found in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz (17.41%) in CW. This study confirmed the variations in metal concentrations of Rosa species due to different absorbability of each metal in flower petals. It also indicates that wastewater did not affect the composition but there were quantitative differences in aroma constituents and chemical composition of essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Younis
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Aasma Tufail
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raheel
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Nawaz
- Department of Agronomy, MNS, University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan; Institute of Crop Sciences (340h), University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Muhammad Jafar Jaskani
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amin
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mateen Sajid
- Department of Horticulture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Akhtar
- Department of Horticulture, MNS, University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bukhsh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Umme Habiba Siddiqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Sub-campus Toba, Faisalabad 36050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar Raza
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | | | - Hira Zulfiqar
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Aslam HMU, Naveed K, Hussain SI, Shakeel Q, Ashraf W, Anwaar HA, Raza MM, Sarfraz S, Tariq I. First report of brown leaf spot of rice caused by Bipolaris zeicola in Pakistan. Plant Dis 2020; 105:212. [PMID: 32804040 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-20-0838-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the highly consumed cereal grain crops in Pakistan. In September 2017, leaf samples of cultivar Basmati-385 showing brown to dark brown spots (5 to 9 mm in diameter) that were oval or cylindrical in shape with a chlorotic yellow halo and grayish tan centers were collected from fields near the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (31.43633 N 73.05981 E). Average disease incidence was 69% in six rice fields that were sampled for diseased plants with visible symptoms. To isolate the pathogen, from 20 diseased leaves, 5 mm2 segments from the margins of lesions were cut, rinsed with sterile distilled water (SDW), surface disinfected by 70% ethanol and again rinsed with SDW. The samples were dried on sterilized filter paper discs, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 27°C for 5 to 7 days. Twelve isolates were sub-cultured and single-sporing was performed to obtain pure cultures. Fungal isolates with light to dark gray in color, thick or fluffy aerial mycelium, circular and smooth margins were obtained after 7 days of incubation. Conidia were 47-83 μm × 10-17 μm (n=100), with 4 to 10 distosepta, dark or olivaceous brown, straight or moderately curved, and the cells at the ends occasionally looked paler than those in the middle. Conidiophore of the fungus were simple, smooth, cylindrical, septate, and straight to flexuous. These characteristics resembled those of Bipolaris zeicola (Stout) Shoemaker (Manamgoda et al. 2014). For molecular identification, genomic DNA (isolate SU-11) was extracted and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA, translation elongation factor (tef), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) genes were amplified and sequenced by using the primers ITS1-F/ITS4-R (White et al. 1990), LROR-F/LR5-R (Schoch et al. 2012), EF1-983F/EF1-2218R (Rehner and Buckley 2005), GPD1F/GPD2R (Berbee et al. 1999), and 5F2/7CR (O'Donnell et al. 2007), respectively. BLASTn searches showed 100% homology with the LSU and rpb2 sequences of B. zeicola (GenBank Accession Nos. MH876201 and HF934842) and 98-99% similarity with ITS, tef, and gpd sequences of B. zeicola (GenBank Accession Nos. KM230398, KM093752 and KM034815). The sequences of ITS, LSU, tef, gpd, and rpb2 were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers MN871712, MN877767, MN867685, MN904511 and MT349837, respectively. To fulfill Koch's postulates, 25 greenhouse-grown rice plants (cv. Basmati-385) at 2- to 3-leaf stage were spray inoculated with a spore suspension (105 spores/ml; isolate SU-11) prepared in SDW. Plants were covered with plastic wraps to maintain humid conditions for 24 hours and incubated at 27°C for one week. Similarly, ten non-inoculated plants sprayed with SDW served as controls. After one week, observed symptoms were similar to those from natural infections and no disease symptoms were observed on the non-inoculated plants. The experiment was repeated twice and the pathogen was re-isolated from the infected leaves and characterized morphologically. Globally, B. zeicola has also been reported to cause the leaf spot of rice and maize plants (Sivanesan 1987; Kang et al. 2018). To our information, this is the first report of B. zeicola causing brown leaf spot of rice in Pakistan. The increasing risk of this fungal pathogen in the rice-growing areas of Pakistan need a rigorous exploration and outreach effort to develop effective management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 66724, Plant Pathology, House No. 120, Daewoo Road, Ismail City, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan, 38000;
| | - Khalid Naveed
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 66724, Plant Pathology, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Syed Ismat Hussain
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, 119691, Pest warning and quality control of pesticides, Office of Director, PWQCP, Agri. Farms, Old Shujabad Road Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan, 66000
- Government of Punjab Department of Agriculture, 119690, Pest Warning & Quality Control of Pesticides, Talha & Hanzla House, Main Street, Ahbab Colony,, Near Bahadarpur Ch, Bosan Road, Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan, 660000;
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan Faculty of Science, 529975, Plant Pathology, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Waqas Ashraf
- Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 54735, Plant Pathology, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | | | - Muhammad Mohsin Raza
- Iowa State University, 1177, Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 2331 ATRB, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States, 50011;
| | - Sohaib Sarfraz
- University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Plant Pathology, 145 G block gulistan colony, Faisalabad, Plant Pathology, Faisalabad, [Select a State/Province], Pakistan, 38000
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad;
| | - Imran Tariq
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 66724, Entomology, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan;
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Saeed N, Wakil W, Farooq M, Shakeel M, Arain MS, Shakeel Q. Evaluating the combination of Metarhizium anisopliae and an enhanced form of diatomaceous earth (Grain-Guard) for the environmentally friendly control of stored grain pests. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:210. [PMID: 32128628 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stored grain pests cause great damage to various grain products, and protection against these pests is currently based on synthetic insecticides and fumigants. As a result, these chemicals cause problems, including grain contamination with chemical residues and the development of resistance by insect pests to these chemicals. Therefore, to combat this issue, in the present study, an enhanced form of diatomaceous earth (DE), Grain-Guard, and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Ascomycota: Sordariomycetes) were evaluated alone and in combination against adults of Liposcelis paeta (Pearman) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). M. anisopliae was used at a rate of 1.7 × 104 conidia kg-1 grain alone as well as with two doses of DE (25 and 50 ppm) on wheat under different exposure time courses (4, 7, and 14 days). It is worth mentioning that the combination of M. anisopliae and DE was highly effective against the adults of L. paeta, C. ferrugineus, R. dominica, and T. castaneum after 14 days of exposure. When DE and M. anisopliae were applied alone, DE showed more effectiveness than fungal conidia. Progeny emergence was decreased when modified DE was applied at a high dose rate with the fungus and suppressed at a low dose. The cadavers of all species in the trials showed a maximum percentage of mycosis, and sporulation (conidia/ml) also showed the same result when the fungus was tested alone, while low mycosis and sporulation were achieved under the application of a mixture with a high dose of modified DE. Our findings indicate the best possible combination of DE (at low dose rates) along with a fungus that might contribute to lowering health and environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Saeed
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Agripolis Viale dell'Universita, 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Muhammad Shahid Arain
- Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Ali S, Ullah MI, Sajjad A, Majeed MZ, Farooqi MA, Rizwan MS, Shakeel Q, Akhter S, Raheel M, Arshad M. Physicomorphic Response of Polyphagous Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Towards Different Host Plants. PAK J ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20180413130416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Imtiaz M, Mushtaq MA, Nawaz MA, Ashraf M, Rizwan MS, Mehmood S, Aziz O, Rizwan M, Virk MS, Shakeel Q, Ijaz R, Androutsopoulos VP, Tsatsakis AM, Coleman MD. Physiological and anthocyanin biosynthesis genes response induced by vanadium stress in mustard genotypes with distinct photosynthetic activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 62:20-29. [PMID: 29935434 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to elucidate the photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, anthocyanin contents, anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression, and vanadium uptake in mustard genotypes (purple and green) that differ in photosynthetic capacity under vanadium stress. The results indicated that vanadium significantly reduced photosynthetic activity in both genotypes. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes were increased significantly in response to vanadium in both genotypes, although the purple exhibited higher. The anthocyanin contents were also reduced under vanadium stress. The anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were highly expressed in the purple genotype, notably the genes TT8, F3H, and MYBL2 under vanadium stress. The results indicate that induction of TT8, F3H, and MYBL2 genes was associated with upregulation of the biosynthetic genes required for higher anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple compared with the green mustard. The roots accumulated higher vanadium than shoots in both mustard genotypes. The results indicate that the purple mustard had higher vanadium tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imtiaz
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Soil and Environmental Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Adnan Mushtaq
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Muhammad Amjad Nawaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Chonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahid Rizwan
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Omar Aziz
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Muhammad Safiullah Virk
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- Discipline of Plant Pathology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Raina Ijaz
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
| | - Vasilis P Androutsopoulos
- Department of Toxicology and Foresnsics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Herakion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Toxicology and Foresnsics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Herakion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Michael D Coleman
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Shakeel Q, Lyu A, Zhang J, Wu M, Li G, Hsiang T, Yang L. Biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus on Peanut Kernels Using Streptomyces yanglinensis 3-10. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1049. [PMID: 29875755 PMCID: PMC5974058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterium, Streptomyces yanglinensis 3-10, shows promise in the control of many phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, S. yanglinensis and its antifungal substances, culture filtrate (CF3-10) and crude extracts (CE3-10), were evaluated for their activity in reducing growth and aflatoxin AFB1 production by Aspergillus flavus, both in vitro and in vivo on peanut kernels. The results showed that in dual culture conditions, S. yanglinensis reduced the mycelial growth of A. flavus about 41% as compared to control. The mycelial growth of A. flavus was completely inhibited on potato dextrose agar amended with CF3-10 at 3% (v/v) or CE3-10 at 2.5 μg/ml. In liquid culture experiments, growth inhibition ranged from 32.3 to 91.9% with reduction in AFB1 production ranging from 46.4 to 93.4% using different concentrations of CF3-10 or CE3-10. For in vivo assays, CF3-10 at 0.133 ml/g (v/w) or CE3-10 at 13.3 μg/g (w/w) reduced the postharvest decay of peanut kernels by inhibiting visible growth of A. flavus leading to an 89.4 or 88.1% reduction in AFB1 detected, respectively. Compared with the controls, CF3-10 and CE3-10 in A. flavus shake culture significantly reduced expression levels of two AFB1 biosynthesis genes, aflR and aflS. Furthermore, electron microscopy observation showed that CF3-10 (2%, v/v) caused hyphae growth to be abnormal and shriveled, cell organelles to degenerate and collapse, large vacuoles to appear. These results suggest that S. yanglinensis 3-10 has potential as an alternative to chemical fungicides in protecting peanut kernels and other agricultural commodities against postharvest decay from A. flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Shakeel
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingde Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tom Hsiang
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Arain MS, Shakeel M, Elzaki MEA, Farooq M, Hafeez M, Shahid MR, Shah SAH, Khan FZA, Shakeel Q, Salim AMA, Li GQ. Association of detoxification enzymes with butene-fipronil in larvae and adults of Drosophila melanogaster. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:10006-10013. [PMID: 29380196 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1202-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is a major challenge in successful insect pest control as the insects have the ability to develop resistance to various widely used insecticides. Butene-fipronil is a novel compound with high toxicity to insects and less toxicity to the non-target organisms. In the present study, the effect of butene-fipronil alone and in combination with three enzyme inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), diethyl maleate (DEM), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP), was carried out on larvae and adults of Drosophilia melanogaster. Our results indicated that the co-toxicity indices of butene-fipronil + PBO, butene-fipronil + TPP, and butene-fipronil + DEM mixtures were 437.3, 335.0, and 210.3, respectively, in the second-instar larvae, while 186.6, 256.2, and 238.5, respectively, in the adults, indicating synergistic effects. Interestingly, butene-fipronil increased the expression of CYP28A5 in the larvae; CYP9F2, CYP304A1, CYP28A5, and CYP318A1 in the female adults; and CYP303A1 and CYP28A5 in the male adults. Furthermore, high-level expression of Est-7 was observed in the female adults compared to larvae and male adults. Our results suggest that there is no difference in butene-fipronil metabolism in larvae and male and female adults of D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Arain
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, 105 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Esmail Abdalla Elzaki
- Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, 105 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | - Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan
- Department of Entomology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Guo-Qing Li
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Ashraf M, Farooq M, Shakeel M, Din N, Hussain S, Saeed N, Shakeel Q, Rajput NA. Influence of entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth and thiamethoxam on mortality, progeny production, mycosis, and sporulation of the stored grain insect pests. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:28165-28174. [PMID: 29019087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The stored grain insects cause great damage to grains under storage conditions. Synthetic insecticides and fumigants are considered as key measures to control these stored grain insect pests. However, the major issue with these chemicals is grain contamination with chemical residues and development of resistance by insect pests to these chemicals. Biological control is considered as a potential alternative to chemical control especially with the use of pathogens, alone or in combination with selective insecticides. The present study was conducted to evaluate the synergism of Metarhizium anisopliae with diatomaceous earth (DE) and thiamethoxam against four insect pests on the stored wheat grains. In the first bioassay, the M. anisopliae was applied at 1.4 × 104 and 1.4 × 106conidia/ml alone and in integration with two concentrations (250 and 500 ppm) of tested DE. The tested fungus when combined with DE and thiamethoxam possessed synergistic impact as compared to their individual efficacy. Adult mortality increased with respect to increased exposure interval and doses. In the second bioassay, M. anisopliae was applied at 1.4 × 104 conidia/ml individually and in combination with three concentrations (0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 ppm) of thiamethoxam. Results concluded that M. anisopliae integrated with DE and thiamethoxam provides more effective control of stored grain insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Ashraf
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute|, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute|, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Naima Din
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute|, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Nadia Saeed
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute|, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Shakeel
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Yousaf A, Wu J, Shakeel Q, Iftikhar Y, Ullah MIU, Tahira UT, Mubeen M, Dong W. Evaluation of Resistance of Capsicum annum against Meloidogyne incognita and Sclerotium rolfsii and their Integrated Management. PAK J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.5.1671.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Haq AU, Iftikhar Y, Ullah MI, Mubeen M, Shakeel Q, Bakhtawar F, Bilqees I. Disease progression in potato germplasm from different reaction groups against potato virus Y in relation to environmental factors. Trop Plant Res 2016. [DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2016.v3.i3.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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