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Alkhayat N, Alshahrani M, Elyamany G, Sedick Q, Ibrahim W, Hamzi H, Binhassan A, Othman M, Alshieban S, Aljabry MS, Asiri S, Alzouman M, Alsuhaibani O, Alabbas F, Alsharif O, Elborai Y. Clinicopathologic features and therapy outcome in childhood Hodgkin's lymphoma: a report from tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:21. [PMID: 34396456 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is lymphoid neoplasm usually affecting lymphatic system; it accounts 3.6% of cancers in Saudi Arabia. Modern treatment protocols had shown particular success rates in overall-survival (OS) and event-free-survival (EFS). In our study, we reviewed the medical records of 80 pediatric and young adolescent patients diagnosed HL from January 2006 to July 2020, treated at tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Demographic, clinical, and pathological data were explored. First line therapy was ABVD, COG, COPP, R-CHOP, or radiotherapy alone in 53/80 (66.4%), 24/80 (30%), 1/80 (1.2%), 1/80 (1.2%), or 1/80 (1.2%) patients; respectively. Response assessment was done by CT + / - PET scan after first 2 cycles then every 2 cycle and end of therapy. Another assessment was done if any clinical suspicion of recurrence. RESULTS Median age 11 (range 3-16) years. Males to females 1.3:1. Seventy-two out of eighty (90%) patients showed first complete remission (CR1) and maintained remission for median 40 (range 7-136) months. Eight out of eighty (10%) patients showed refractory disease. Nineteen patients received salvage therapy (ICE or ESHAP/brentuximab vedotin or gemcitabine/brentuximab vedotin), 14/19 (73.7%) had 2nd complete remission (CR2) for median time 24 (ranged 9-78) months, while 5/19 (26.3%) did not show any response. Five-year OS and EFS were 95% and 75%. Two patients had 2ry malignant neoplasms, one had AML and died, the other had malignant fibrous histocytoma and still alive. None of our patients had fertility problem. Also, they did not experience chronic pulmonary or cardiotoxicity. Classic Hodgkin's lymphoma: nodular sclerosis subtype was more prominent (55%) than mixed cellularity subtype (22.5%), which is similar to several European and US studies, lymphocyte rich (11.25%) and lymphocyte depleted (0%), while nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma (11.25%). CONCLUSIONS Our study provided unique descriptive study of childhood HL, in Saudi Arabia, with valuable insight into the long-term outcome and late toxicity. Our results are comparable to other studies in the Middle East and European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf Alkhayat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghaleb Elyamany
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qanita Sedick
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasna Hamzi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Binhassan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Othman
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshieban
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour S Aljabry
- Pathology Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuaa Asiri
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneerah Alzouman
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsuhaibani
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alabbas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsharif
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Elborai
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Sedick Q, Elyamany G, Hawsawi H, Alotaibi S, Alabbas F, Almohammadi M, Alahmari HA, Aljasem H, Ferrer AG, Alzahrani AS, AlMoshary M, Alsuhaibani O. Diagnostic accuracy of reticulocyte parameters on the sysmex XN 1000 for discriminating iron deficiency anaemia and thalassaemia in Saudi Arabia. Am J Blood Res 2021; 11:172-179. [PMID: 34079632 PMCID: PMC8165718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iron deficient erythropoiesis and Thalassaemia are both associated with microcytic erythropoiesis albeit from different pathological mechanisms. Given the high prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies in the Mediterranean region, discriminating these two conditions is important. Several algorithms using conventional red cell indices have been developed to facilitate diagnosis, however, their diagnostic accuracy is low. The new generation haematology analyzers enabled the use of more innovative parameters such as reticulocyte parameters. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the reticulocyte parameters on the Sysmex XN 1000 to distinguish between IDA and Thalassemia in our population. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of blood samples sent to our laboratory for haemoglobin electrophoresis screening. We categorized our cohort into Thalassemia and Iron Deficient patients based on known diagnostic criteria. We analyzed the reticulocyte parameters using receiver operator curve analysis (ROC) and determined the cut off value for each parameter. RESULTS Reticulocyte parameters most accurate for discriminating IDA from Thalassemia patients was: RET, RET-HE and IRF. The RET-HE had the best statistical significance for IDA patients with AUC = 0.69 for cut off 22.25. The RET-HE for dual positive patients was more accurate with AUC = 0.78 for cut off 21.25. The IRF had the best statistical significance for Alpha Thalassemia with AUC = 0.66 for cut off value 18. CONCLUSION An IRF cut off below 15.5 and RET-HE cut off below 22.25 was the most accurate variable in predicting IDA with a sensitivity of 59.4% and 68.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qanita Sedick
- Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaleb Elyamany
- Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Hawsawi
- Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alotaibi
- Department of Adult Hematology, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alabbas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almohammadi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alahmari
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Aljasem
- Department of Adult Hematology, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnel G Ferrer
- Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Alzahrani
- Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - May AlMoshary
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsuhaibani
- Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alshahrani M, Elyamany G, Sedick Q, Ibrahim W, Mohamed A, Othman M, Al Thibani N, Alsuhaibani O, Al Amro M, Gharawi A, Al Sharif O, Elborai Y, Alabbas F, Binhassan A, AlMoshary M, Al Mussaed E, Alkhayat N. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Children With Cancer: A Report From Saudi Arabia. Health Serv Insights 2020; 13:1178632920984161. [PMID: 33447044 PMCID: PMC7780198 DOI: 10.1177/1178632920984161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In January 2020, the WHO declared the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern. Due to the rapid spread of 2019-nCoV, all countries started preventive and precautionary measures to prevent COVID-19 infection spread. These measures limited the population mobility and services provided, which subsequently Impact of on children with cancer and cancer care delivery in the many health centers in Saudi Arabia. We did a cross-sectional study to assess the impact of this outbreak on children with cancer concerning all aspects of life including medical services provided, the specific precautions to prevent spread in cancer patients, mental, psychological effects, and its effect on the quality of life. We collected 204 responses during a survey that assessed the impact on the treatment of cancer children at a tertiary institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of patients were receiving ongoing chemotherapy for leukemia/lymphoma. The majority of these patients (60.5%) reported a delay in treatment received due to hospital cancellation of appointments due to the pandemic. Although the majority of patients in our cohort complained of delayed treatment, fortunately, none of the delays led to fatalities. In the context of global lockdowns and physical distancing to help flatten the COVID-19 curve, telemedicine has proved fundamental to keeping patients and their healthcare providers connected and safe. Children also faced multiple other difficulties such as psychosocial issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our long-term goals are to develop new programs that will enable children with cancer to emerge successfully during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaleb Elyamany
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qanita Sedick
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Mohamed
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Othman
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Al Thibani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsuhaibani
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Al Amro
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Gharawi
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al Sharif
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Elborai
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad Alabbas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Binhassan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - May AlMoshary
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Al Mussaed
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alkhayat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alkhayat N, Elyamany G, Elborai Y, Sedick Q, Alshahrani M, Al Sharif O, Alenezy A, Hammdan A, Elghezal H, Alsuhaibani O, Aljabry MS, AlMoshary M, Al Mussaed E. Rare cytogenetic abnormalities and their clinical relevance in pediatric acute leukemia of Saudi Arabian population. Mol Cytogenet 2019; 12:42. [PMID: 31632455 PMCID: PMC6788108 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-019-0454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood Acute Leukemia (AL) is characterized by recurrent genetic aberrations in 60% of AML cases and 90% of ALL cases. Insufficient data exists of rare cytogenetic abnormalities in AL. Therefore, we tested rare cytogenetic abnormalities occurring in childhood AL and its effect on clinical prognosis in patients diagnosed at our institution from 2010 to 2017. Results Among 150 cases of AL, we detected 9 cases with rare chromosomal abnormalities. We found two hypodiploid (2n-) cases: 2n-,t (5;14)(q31;q32) and t (3;11;19)(q21;q23;q13.1) in ALL patients. AML patients showed t (7;14)(q22;q32), t (11;17)(p15;q21), t (11;20) (p15;q11), t (12;17)(q15;q23) and t (11;20)(p15;q11). Both t (1;15)(q10;q10) and t (17;19)(q21;p13.3) occurred in a case with biphenotypic AL. Complete remission (CR) status was attained in 3 patients and 6 patients never attained CR or relapsed/demised. Conclusion The study highlighted that rare cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with a poor prognosis. This finding is not well reported in the literature suggesting that ongoing cytogenetic studies for rare abnormalities associated with pediatric leukaemia are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf Alkhayat
- 1Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaleb Elyamany
- 2Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Elborai
- 1Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,3Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Qanita Sedick
- 2Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alshahrani
- 1Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al Sharif
- 1Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik Alenezy
- 2Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Hammdan
- 2Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Elghezal
- 2Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsuhaibani
- 2Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour S Aljabry
- Department of Pathology, Hematology unit, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - May AlMoshary
- 5Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Al Mussaed
- 5Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alzahrani A, Othman N, Bin-Ali T, Elfaraidi H, Al Mussaed E, Alabbas F, Sedick Q, Albatniji F, Alshahrani Z, Asiri M, Alsuhaibani O, Elyamany G. Routine Preoperative Coagulation Tests in Children Undergoing Elective Surgery or Invasive Procedures: Are They Still Necessary? Clin Med Insights Blood Disord 2019; 12:1179545X18821158. [PMID: 30643477 PMCID: PMC6322095 DOI: 10.1177/1179545x18821158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Preoperative coagulation screening tests in pediatric patients was once routine clinical practice globally and still used as standard practice in some countries before surgical procedures to assess of perioperative bleeding risk. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate unselected routine preoperative coagulation testing in children undergoing elective or invasive surgery to predict abnormal perioperative bleeding. The study also aimed to provide a rational approach of determining bleeding and family history of coagulation disorders as a predictive risk for bleeding. Methods: This retrospective study conducted between 2014 and 2015 (1 year) on normal healthy children aged under 15 years admitted to the hospitals for elective mild to intermediate surgery or invasive procedures. We reviewed and collected the details of the clinical history, previous surgery, trauma, family history, detail of anti-thrombotic medication and coagulation tests performed (prothrombin time (PT), the activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), and international normalized ratio (INR)) at the time of admission. Results: Among 2078 cases, 1940 cases had normal coagulation tests (93.4%), 77 cases had abnormal coagulation results (3.7%), and 61 patients underwent surgery without preoperative coagulation screening (2.9%). In 15 of 77 patients, coagulation tests were normal on repeat testing. A total of 52 were confirmed to have abnormal screening testing. Among these 52 cases, 45 had normal factors assay; where seven patients had abnormal factors assay. Postoperative bleeding occurred only in three cases (0.14%), two cases due to surgical procedures with normal preoperative testing and one due to hemophilia A which was detected postoperatively as no preoperative testing was performed. Conclusions: Routine coagulation screening before surgery or invasive procedures to predict perioperative bleeding in unselected patients is not recommended. Our study emphasizes that selective preoperative testing is more appropriate. Selective criteria for consideration of the latter includes physical examination, type of surgery, family and bleeding history, and concomitant use of antiplatelet and anti-thrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzah Alzahrani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Othman
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Bin-Ali
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Elfaraidi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Al Mussaed
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alabbas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qanita Sedick
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Albatniji
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Asiri
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsuhaibani
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaleb Elyamany
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sedick Q, Alotaibi S, Alshieban S, Naheet KB, Elyamany G. Natural Killer Cell Lymphoblastic Leukaemia/Lymphoma: Case Report and Review of the Recent Literature. Case Rep Oncol 2017; 10:588-595. [PMID: 28868017 PMCID: PMC5567073 DOI: 10.1159/000477843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma is a rare haemopoietic tumour currently defined in the 2008 WHO classification under the category of acute leukaemias of ambiguous lineage. A diagnosis of this type of leukaemia is considered in cases expressing CD56 along with immature T-cell-associated markers such as CD2 and CD7 with absence of B-cell and myeloid markers; in addition, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukaemia should be excluded. Prior to 2008, these precursor NK cell lymphoblastic leukaemias/lymphomas were categorized as myeloid/NK cell acute leukaemia with a phenotype identical to acute myeloid leukaemia with minimal differentiation. While the new classification has merit in having excluded myeloid expression, there is still persistent confusion in the literature and on a practical level with regard to precursor NK cell neoplasms. There is a paucity of recent case reports in the literature after the new WHO classification of this neoplasm. Due to the rarity of this neoplasm, an accurate pathological diagnosis is often difficult. In this article, we describe a case of precursor NK cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma presenting with unique morphological features and conflicting immunophenotypes. We also review all case reports of this neoplasm after the WHO 2008 classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qanita Sedick
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alotaibi
- Department of Adult Hematology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshieban
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ben Naheet
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaleb Elyamany
- Department of Central Military Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Vaughan J, Alli N, Mannaru K, Sedick Q. Refining peripheral blood smear review rules for neonatal inpatients in a South African academic laboratory. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:347-51. [PMID: 27087063 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral blood smear review (PBSR) is a labour-intensive test, and skilled morphologists are in short supply. It is therefore helpful for laboratories to establish rules for PBSR to improve laboratory efficiency. Previously published guidelines in this regard are useful, but make few recommendations specific to neonates. Neonatal blood is characterized by several peculiarities which would be considered pathological if present in adults. Consequently, smear review rules (SRR) are often triggered in neonates without significant value being added on review. This study aimed to assess and fine-tune the SRR triggered in neonatal samples in order to improve laboratory efficiency. METHODS Full blood counts collected from 188 neonatal inpatients of the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in South Africa were retrospectively reviewed, the triggered rules documented, and the value added on PBSR determined. RESULTS Smear review rules were triggered in 148 (78.7%) samples, with significant morphological abnormalities identified in 84 (54.4%), and a false-positive rate of 34.0%. In patients with unhelpful review, the commonest rules triggered were the flags querying the presence of abnormal lymphocytes, blasts or nucleated red blood cells. When one or more of these flags were triggered in the absence of any other SRR, PBSR was always noncontributory. Disregarding these flags in the current cohort would reduce both the review and the false-positive rates by >20% without increasing the false-negative rate. CONCLUSION False-positive smear review is common in neonates, and minor modifications to SRR can substantially reduce the smear review rate without increasing the false-negative rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vaughan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Haematology, National Health Laboratory Services, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N Alli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Haematology, National Health Laboratory Services, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - K Mannaru
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Q Sedick
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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