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Ayres R, Baldissera JLC, Brolo KCQ, Velho SV. TRANSPLANTE AUTÓLOGO DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO HEMATOPOIÉTICAS PARA O TRATAMENTO DE MIELOMA MÚLTIPLO: EXPERIÊNCIA DO SETOR DE PROCESSAMENTO CELULAR DO CENTRO DE HEMATOLOGIA E HEMOTERAPIA DE SANTA CATARINA. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Vieira PF, Duarte CD, Santos CGD, Ayres R. ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO ENTRE CAPTAÇÃO DE DOADORES E ESTOQUE DO CENTRO DE HEMATOLOGIA E HEMOTERAPIA DE SANTA CATARINA (HEMOSC) NO PERÍODO DE 2017 A 2020. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Tonkin Z, Sharley J, Fanson B, Raymond S, Ayres R, Lyon J, Balcombe S, Bond N. Climate variability regulates population dynamics of a threatened freshwater fish. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Vyas A, Rodrigues VC, Ayres R, Myles PR, Hothersall EJ, Thomas H. Public health matters: Innovative approaches for engaging medical students. Med Teach 2017; 39:402-408. [PMID: 28379091 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2017.1294753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health faces the paradox of being increasingly emphasized by the key health and social care regulators and stakeholders, while remaining a largely under-represented discipline in the context of medical curricula. Enhancing medical student engagement in public health teaching is one way to address this concern. METHODS We discuss four key solutions to the challenges faced by public health educators in medical schools, and present five case studies which demonstrate innovative approaches to engaging medical students in our discipline. RESULTS Four different approaches have been piloted by members of the Public Health Educators in Medical Schools (PHEMS) network: (i) ensuring social accountability, (ii) demonstrating clinical relevance, (iii) mapping the core curriculum, and (iv) using technology enhanced learning. Preliminary student feedback suggests that these approaches can be used to position public health as an enabler of modern medical practice, and promote a more holistic understanding of medicine by linking patient-centred care to the population level. CONCLUSIONS The zeitgeist in both academia and the healthcare system supports the teaching of public health within the medical curriculum; there is also consensus at the political and pedagogical level. The challenge of ensuring engagement now needs to be met at the student-teacher interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vyas
- a Public Health , Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich , UK
| | - V C Rodrigues
- b Public Health and Medical Education , Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich , UK
| | - R Ayres
- c Population Health , Plymouth Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry , Plymouth , UK
| | - P R Myles
- d Health Protection and Epidemiology, Epidemiology and Public Health , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK
| | - E J Hothersall
- e Public Health Medicine, Systems in Practice Convenor , Dundee Medical School and NHS Tayside , Dundee , UK
| | - H Thomas
- f Public Health and Primary Care , St George's, University of London , London , UK
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Thompson TP, Greaves CJ, Ayres R, Aveyard P, Warren FC, Byng R, Taylor RS, Campbell JL, Ussher M, Michie S, West R, Taylor AH. Factors associated with study attrition in a pilot randomised controlled trial to explore the role of exercise-assisted reduction to stop (EARS) smoking in disadvantaged groups. Trials 2016; 17:524. [PMID: 27788686 PMCID: PMC5084338 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1641-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Study attrition has the potential to compromise a trial’s internal and external validity. The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with participant attrition in a pilot trial of the effectiveness of a novel behavioural support intervention focused on increasing physical activity to reduce smoking, to inform the methods to reduce attrition in a definitive trial. Methods Disadvantaged smokers who wanted to reduce but not quit were randomised (N = 99), of whom 61 (62 %) completed follow-up assessments at 16 weeks. Univariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the effects of intervention arm, method of recruitment, and participant characteristics (sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle, behavioural and attitudinal characteristics) on attrition, followed by multivariable logistic regression on those factors found to be related to attrition. Results Participants with low confidence to quit, and who were undertaking less than 150 mins of moderate and vigorous physical activity per week at baseline were less likely to complete the 16-week follow-up assessment. Exploratory analysis revealed that those who were lost to follow-up early in the trial (i.e., by 4 weeks), compared with those completing the study, were younger, had smoked for fewer years and had lower confidence to quit in the next 6 months. Participants who recorded a higher expired air carbon monoxide reading at baseline were more likely to drop out late in the study, as were those recruited via follow-up telephone calls. Multivariable analyses showed that only completing less than 150 mins of physical activity retained any confidence in predicting attrition in the presence of other variables. Conclusions The findings indicate that those who take more effort to be recruited, are younger, are heavier smokers, have less confidence to quit, and are less physically active are more likely to withdraw or be lost to follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Thompson
- Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK.
| | - C J Greaves
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - R Ayres
- Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | - P Aveyard
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - F C Warren
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - R Byng
- Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | - R S Taylor
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | | - M Ussher
- Institute of Population Health Research, St George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK
| | - S Michie
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - R West
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - A H Taylor
- Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
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Hiskey S, Ayres R, Andrews L, Troop N. Support for the location of negative posttraumatic cognitions in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Personality and Individual Differences 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Beattie AM, Barber M, Marques E, Greenwood R, Ingram J, Ayres R, Neale J, Rees A, Coleman B, Hickman M. OR09-4 * SCRIPT IN A DAY (SCID) INTERVENTION FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE INJECTING OPIATES: RESULTS FROM A MIXED METHODS FEASIBILITY RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL. Alcohol Alcohol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu053.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Cottrell A, Warren K, Ayres R, Weinstock P, Gillatt D. 197 THE RELATIONSHIP OF CHRONIC RECREATIONAL KETAMINE USE AND SEVERE BLADDER PATHOLOGY: PRESENTATION, MANAGEMENT OF SYMPTOMS AND PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERNS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(09)60202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Garside R, Ayres R, Owen M, Pearson VA, Roizen J. "They never tell you about the consequences": young people's awareness of sexually transmitted infections. Int J STD AIDS 2001; 12:582-8. [PMID: 11516367 DOI: 10.1258/0956462011923750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Young people are at risk from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)--the incidence of chlamydia in the UK is highest among young women aged 16-19. Despite this, young people lack knowledge about STIs and are more aware of the risks of unwanted pregnancy than their risk of acquiring an STI. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods to examine what teenagers know about STIs, their prevention, symptoms, treatment and services. Only one-third of respondents recognized chlamydia as an STI. The little knowledge of STIs that was revealed was superficial. Few were aware that special services existed for STIs. Condoms were seen as contraception, not as a method of preventing infection transmission. High teenage pregnancy rates have received much publicity but less attention has been paid to rising STI incidence. Programmes aimed at decreasing pregnancy rates through adoption of effective hormonal contraception not only fail to address STIs but may be detrimental to prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Garside
- Reproductive Health, School of Postgraduate Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Church Lane, Exeter EX2 5SQ, UK
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Abstract
In the UK, under-sixteen-year-olds with some exceptions can be provided with contraceptive care even if unwilling to inform their parents. Nonetheless, many teenagers express doubts about confidentiality in these circumstances, as well as fear of being judged. The attitudes of general practitioners in North and East Devon towards the Gillick ruling regarding the treatment of under sixteens for sexual health matters were assessed. They were asked to indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. 235 (73%) responded, and only 15 (6.5%) rejected the notion that the same duty of confidentiality applies to under-sixteens as to older patients. 76% did, however, prefer parents to know they had been consulted about contraception. Only 7 GPs believed that provision of contraception encourages under-age sex. Despite GPs' general acknowledgment of the importance of confidentiality in relation to sexual activity, teenagers may well be discouraged from seeking advice if they expect strong pressure to tell their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Garside
- Institute of Population Studies, School of Postgraduate Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, 101 Pennsylvania Road, Exeter EX4 6DT, UK
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Abstract
The largest series of patients (n = 10) with dissecting intramural haematoma of the oesophagus is described. The typical features, chest pain with odynophagia or dysphagia and minor haematemesis are usually present but not always elicited at presentation. If elicited, these symptoms should suggest the diagnosis and avoid mistaken attribution to a cardiac origin for the pain. Precipitating factors such as a forced Valsalva manoeuvre cannot be identified in at least half the cases. Early endoscopy is safe, and confirms the diagnosis when an haematoma within the oesophageal wall or the later appearances of a longitudinal ulcer are seen. Dissecting intramural haematoma of the oesophagus has an excellent prognosis when managed conservatively.
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Hall GH, Daneshmend TK, Round AP, Ayres R. Cost effectiveness of screening for and eradication of Helicobacter pylori in young patients with dyspepsia. Analysis is easier with spreadsheets than decision trees. BMJ 1996; 313:622; author reply 623. [PMID: 8806259 PMCID: PMC2352015 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.313.7057.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Ayres R. Laboured relations. Interview by Daloni Carlisle. Nurs Times 1995; 91:16. [PMID: 8559674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Chen N, Lu Z, Land M, Ayres R, Crane DI. Peroxisomal membrane protein PMP68 of mouse liver: cloning of a cDNA encompassing the nucleotide binding fold and epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies to the expressed protein. Arch Biochem Biophys 1995; 321:526-30. [PMID: 7544098 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1995.1426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated and sequenced a cDNA which encodes 376 amino acids toward the carboxy-terminus, and encompassing the putative nucleotide binding fold, of PMP68 (mouse liver peroxisomal integral membrane protein of 68 kDa) the major integral membrane protein of mouse liver peroxisomes. The protein sequence predicted from this cDNA shows 97.9% amino acid identity to this same region of rat liver PMP70, a member of the ATP-binding cassette protein superfamily (K. Kamijo, S. Taketani, S. Yokota, T. Osumi, and T. Hashimoto, 1990, J. Biol. Chem. 265, 4534-4540). The section of the cDNA encoding the hydrophilic and putative cytoplasmic domain of PMP68 was expressed as a recombinant fusion protein in bacteria. Two monoclonal antibodies raised against this protein have been epitope-mapped to peptides generated by cyanogen bromide cleavage of the fusion protein. Antibody 1A4 recognizes a peptide whose sequence contains the first motif of the putative nucleotide binding fold of PMP68, and antibody 8F11 recognizes a carboxy-terminal peptide which includes the second motif of this nucleotide binding fold. These antibodies are expected to be useful in the elucidation of the biological function of this putative membrane transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chen
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Australia
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Ayres R, Pocock E. Exercise on prescription. Br J Gen Pract 1995; 45:325-6. [PMID: 7619591 PMCID: PMC1239271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Joplin R, Hishida T, Tsubouchi H, Daikuhara Y, Ayres R, Neuberger JM, Strain AJ. Human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells proliferate in vitro in response to human hepatocyte growth factor. J Clin Invest 1992; 90:1284-9. [PMID: 1401065 PMCID: PMC443171 DOI: 10.1172/jci115992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, intrahepatic human biliary epithelial cells (BEC) were isolated in high purity. However, these cells demonstrated only limited growth responses. Here we report that human BEC proliferate in response to human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), retain BEC-specific phenotype, and can be serially passaged. BEC showed dose-dependent growth in response to 0.01-100 ng/ml hHGF. The maximum S-phase labeling index reached 40% with half-maximal stimulation at 1 ng/ml. The response of cells from normal and primary biliary cirrhotic liver to hHGF was similar. Cultures were immunostained with specific antibodies and then processed for [3H]thymidine autoradiography. Proliferating cells expressed BEC-specific markers (HEA125 and CK-19), but were negative for desmin and factor VIII-related antigen. Occasional vimentin-positive cells were observed, but these were nonproliferative. In conclusion, cells responding to hHGF were clearly BEC in origin. The observation that HGF is mitogenic for BEC as well as hepatocytes has important implications. First, greater yields of intrahepatic BEC are available for subsequent studies of the pathogenesis and etiology of diseases of the biliary epithelium. Secondly, some means of regulating the cellular response to HGF in vivo must operate, in that HGF levels rise early after partial hepatectomy and yet BEC proliferate 24 h later than hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Joplin
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The leucocyte adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is induced on bile ducts in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis and may be involved in targeting immune damage to these structures. It has recently been reported that, when activated, in vitro lymphocytes release a soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 that can also be detected in human serum. Because it is functionally active, this circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 might play a role in regulating inflammation by blocking adhesion. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Levels of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were markedly elevated in primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis when compared with other chronic liver diseases. Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is probably derived from activated lymphocytes rather than from bile ducts because biliary epithelial cells from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis did not release circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 when stimulated to express the membrane-bound molecule in vitro. These studies are the first to demonstrate circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in chronic inflammatory diseases that are characterized by strong tissue expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and as such suggest a potential immunoregulatory role for circulating adhesion molecules. The very high levels detected in primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis probably reflect lymphocyte activation, which is further evidence of immune pathogeneses for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Adams
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Ayres R, Ismail T, Angrisani L, Buckels J, Elias E, McMaster P, Neuberger J. Long-term renal function in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 1991; 23:1469-70. [PMID: 1989268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Ayres
- Liver Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Robertson DA, Ayres R, Hacking CN, Shepherd H, Birch S, Wright R. Experience with a combined percutaneous and endoscopic approach to stent insertion in malignant obstructive jaundice. Lancet 1987; 2:1449-52. [PMID: 2447457 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A non-operative method of palliation in malignant obstructive jaundice was used in 14 patients in whom a biliary stent could not be placed endoscopically. A guide wire was manipulated through the obstructing lesion through the percutaneous transhepatic route and retrieved through an endoscope. The stent was then fed through the endoscope over the guide wire and across the biliary stricture. There were no early complications, and worth-while palliation was obtained in most cases. The success rate for placing an endoscopic stent increased in this unit from 69 to 97% with the introduction of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Robertson
- Department of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital
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Abstract
A clinically and radiographically unsuspected ossified renal metastasis from a primary osteogenic sarcoma was identified by computed tomography (CT) and radionuclide bone scan. These imaging modalities play an important adjunctive role in the evaluation and follow-up of patients with primary osteogenic sarcoma.
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