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Damen AHA, van Donkelaar CC, Sharma PK, Wan H, Cardinaels R, Schmidt TA, Ito K. Friction reducing ability of a poly-l-lysine and dopamine modified hyaluronan coating for polycaprolactone cartilage resurfacing implants. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023. [PMID: 36959715 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Frictional properties of cartilage resurfacing implants should be sufficiently low to limit damaging of the opposing cartilage during articulation. The present study determines if native lubricious molecule proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) can adsorb onto a layer-by-layer bioinspired coating composed of poly-l-lysine (PLL) and dopamine modified hyaluronic acid (HADN) and thereby can reduce the friction between implant and articular cartilage. An ELISA was developed to quantify the amount of immobilized human recombinant (rh)PRG4 after exposure to the PLL-HADN coating. The effect on lubrication was evaluated by comparing the coefficient of friction (CoF) of bare polycaprolactone (PCL) disks to that of PLL-HADN coated PCL disks while articulated against cartilage using a ring-on-disk geometry and a lubricant solution consisting of native synovial fluid components including rhPRG4. The PLL-HADN coating effectively immobilized rhPRG4. The surface roughness of PCL disks significantly increased while the water contact angle significantly decreased after application of the coating. The average CoF measured during the first minute of bare PCL against cartilage exceeded twice the CoF of the PLL-HADN coated PCL against cartilage. After 60 min, the CoF reached equilibrium values which were still significantly higher for bare PCL compared to coated PCL. The present study demonstrated that PCL can effectively be coated with PLL-HADN. Additionally, this coating reduces the friction between PCL and cartilage when a PRG4-rich lubricant is used, similar to the lubricating surface of native cartilage. This makes PLL-HADN coating a promising application to improve the clinical success of PCL-based cartilage resurfacing implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H A Damen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - C C van Donkelaar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - P K Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Cardinaels
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - T A Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - K Ito
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Haeldermans T, Samyn P, Cardinaels R, Vandamme D, Vanreppelen K, Cuypers A, Schreurs S. Poly(lactic acid) bio-composites containing biochar particles: Effects of fillers and plasticizer on crystallization and thermal properties. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2021.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Petisco-Ferrero S, Cardinaels R, van Breemen L. Miniaturized characterization of polymers: From synthesis to rheological and mechanical properties in 30 mg. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Anastasio R, Peerbooms W, Cardinaels R, van Breemen LCA. Characterization of Ultraviolet-Cured Methacrylate Networks: From Photopolymerization to Ultimate Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2019; 52:9220-9231. [PMID: 31866693 PMCID: PMC6906930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
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In this study, the effect of different process conditions
on the
material properties of a single UV-cured layer of methacrylate resin,
typically used in the stereolithography (SLA) process, is assessed.
This simplified approach of the SLA process gives the opportunity
to study the link between process conditions and mechanical properties
without complicated interactions between different layers. Fourier-transform
infrared analysis is performed to study the effect of light intensity,
curing time, and initiator concentration on the monomer conversion.
A model is developed based on the reaction kinetics of photopolymerization
that describes and predicts the experimental data. The effect of curing
time and light intensity on the glass-transition temperature is studied.
A unique relation exists between conversion and glass-transition temperature,
independent of the light intensity and curing time. Tensile tests
on UV-cured resin show an increase in yield stress with increasing
curing time and a linear relation between glass-transition temperature
and yield stress. However, a lower light intensity leads to a different
network structure characterized by a lower yield stress and glass-transition
temperature. The correlations between process conditions and the mechanical
properties of UV-cured methacrylate systems are established to better
understand the role of the processing parameters involved in the SLA
process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Anastasio
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Technology, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Brightlands Materials Center (BMC), P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - W Peerbooms
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Technology, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R Cardinaels
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Technology, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - L C A van Breemen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Technology, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Huang J, Zhu Y, Jiang W, Cardinaels R, Moldenaers P, Shi D. Morphology Control and Stabilization in Immiscible Polypropylene and Polyamide 6 Blends with Organoclay. INT POLYM PROC 2014. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the current study, 70/30 (w/w) polypropylene (PP)/polyamide 6 (PA6)/organoclay ternary blends were prepared by melt mixing in three different blending sequences, i. e., organoclay premixed with PA6 and then mixed with PP (S1 blending sequence), organoclay premixed with PP and then mixed with PA6 (S2 blending sequence), and organoclay, PA6 and PP mixed simultaneously (S3 blending sequence). The effects of organoclay on the phase morphologies, rheological properties and mechanical properties of the blends are examined to reveal the role of organoclay in these immiscible blends. First of all, the dispersion and distribution of organoclay is investigated using XRD and TEM techniques. The organoclay is exfoliated and distributed in the dispersed PA6 phase as well as at the interface between PA6 and PP. Interestingly, more organoclay sheets are observed at the interface when the S2 or S3 blending sequences are utilized. From the SEM images, it is clear that the domain size of the PA6 phase decreases remarkably after introducing organoclay into the PP/PA6 blends. Two different rheological protocols are applied to probe the effect of organoclay on the morphology of the blend by in-situ monitoring the morphological evolution. The rheological results reveal that the phase morphology of the PP/PA6 blends remains relatively stable during shear for a wide range of shear rates when 1.0 wt% organoclay has been added. For the blends with a relatively high clay loading (5.0 wt%), a characteristic and pronounced “plateau” is observed in the low frequency range of the G′-ω curves, which indicates the presence of a percolating network of clay nanosheets. From the mechanical measurements, we find that the tensile strength of the blends increases slightly first and then declines dramatically with increasing organoclay content. Moreover, the elongation at break drops sharply as the organoclay content increases. In summary, it is clear that the organoclay can effectively reduce the domain size of the dispersed PA6 phase and stabilize the phase morphology in shear flow. However, the mechanical properties of the blends are not really improved by clay addition, even though a cocontinuous morphology with a percolated clay network was generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun , PRC
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , PRC
| | - Y. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun , PRC
| | - W. Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun , PRC
| | - R. Cardinaels
- Department of Chemical Engineering , KU Leuven, Leuven (Heverlee) , Belgium
| | - P. Moldenaers
- Department of Chemical Engineering , KU Leuven, Leuven (Heverlee) , Belgium
| | - D. Shi
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials , Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan , PRC
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Verriussen TAJ, Vanierschot M, Ongena SIM, Cardinaels R, Van Den Bulck E, Van Loey AM, Hendrickx ME, Van Buggenhout S. Role of mechanical forces in the stomach phase on the in vitro bioaccessibility of B-carotene. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2014; 79:3-8. [PMID: 25864305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Cardinaels R, Moldenaers P. Relaxation of fibrils in blends with one viscoelastic component: From bulk to confined conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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