Health professionals' perspectives on bereavement following loss from a twin pregnancy: a qualitative study

OBJECTIVE

To provide an in-depth understanding of the perspectives of health professionals caring for parents who have lost a baby from a twin pregnancy, either during pregnancy or in the neonatal period.

STUDY DESIGN

A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews. Twenty-six health professionals were interviewed from maternity and neonatal departments in one hospital. Data were analyzed using a generative thematic approach.

RESULTS

Three main themes were identified from the data: health professionals' lack of confidence in their interactions with bereaved parents; their desire to learn more about bereavement; and a consideration of sensitive health-care practices for bereaved parents.

CONCLUSIONS

Health professionals acknowledged that parents who experience the loss of a twin have specific needs, some of which can be addressed by relatively small changes to clinical practices and behaviors. They felt, however, that they needed education about bereavement in order to react more effectively to bereaved parents' needs.

Qualitative methods in a randomised controlled trial: the role of an integrated qualitative process evaluation in providing evidence to discontinue the intervention in one arm of a trial of a decision support tool

OBJECTIVE

To understand participants' experiences and understandings of the interventions in the trial of a computerised decision support tool in patients with atrial fibrillation being considered for anti-coagulation treatment.

DESIGN

Qualitative process evaluation carried out alongside the trial: non-participant observation and semistructured interviews.

PARTICIPANTS

30 participants aged >60 years taking part in the trial of a computerised decision support tool.

RESULTS

Qualitative evidence provided the rationale to undertake a decision to discontinue one arm of the trial on the basis that the intervention in that arm, a standard gamble values elicitation exercise was causing confusion and was unlikely to produce valid data on participant values.

CONCLUSIONS

Qualitative methods used alongside a trial allow an understanding of the process and progress of a trial, and provide evidence to intervene in the trial if necessary, including evidence for the rationale to discontinue an intervention arm of the trial.

Impact of coaching certification on coaching attitudes

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the impact of coaching certification upon coaching attitudes toward important social psychological correlates of involvement in sport. Specifically, 249 coaches with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 levels of certification in the National Coaching Certification Program for Hockey were compared on attitudes toward important social psychological correlates of athletic involvement. As a consequence of anomalies in the sample, the six levels of certification were collapsed to form a factorial design comprising 2 levels of certification (coaches with 0.1 and 2 levels versus coaches with 3, 4, and 5 levels) and 2 levels of competition (house league versus competitive league coaches). The results revealed that coaches with greater certification were older and more experienced. Also, coaches in competitive leagues were more experienced, attached more importance to setting realistic objectives and playing well, but less importance to providing a recreational experience for players than house league coaches. Also, with increasing certification, coaches in competitive leagues attached increased importance to beating an opponent and having a winning team while house league coaches showed a decrease. Finally, the emphasis planed upon providing equal ice time for all players remained low over the two levels of certification in the competitive league coaches; it showed a decrease with greater certification in the house league coaches.