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Itchins M, Hudson A, Hayes S, Harvie R, Wei G, Buckland M, Clarke S, Howell V, Pavlakis N. P1.01-129 Preclinical Genetic Evaluation of Alternating ALK TKI Therapy Versus Continuous Dosing in ALK NSCLC to Inform the ALKternate Clinical Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Itchins M, Hudson A, Harvie R, Zaw T, Mckay M, Clarke S, Howell V, Pavlakis N, Hayes S. P1.01-24 Preclinical Proteomic Evaluation of Alternating ALK TKI Therapy Versus Continuous Dosing in ALK NSCLC to Inform the ALKternate Clinical Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Davis ID, Long A, Yip S, Espinoza D, Thompson JF, Kichenadasse G, Harrison M, Lowenthal RM, Pavlakis N, Azad A, Kannourakis G, Steer C, Goldstein D, Shapiro J, Harvie R, Jovanovic L, Hudson AL, Nelson CC, Stockler MR, Martin A. EVERSUN: a phase 2 trial of alternating sunitinib and everolimus as first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1118-1123. [PMID: 25701452 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesised that alternating inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways would delay the development of resistance in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A single-arm, two-stage, multicentre, phase 2 trial to determine the activity, feasibility, and safety of 12-week cycles of sunitinib 50 mg daily 4 weeks on / 2 weeks off, alternating with everolimus 10 mg daily for 5 weeks on / 1 week off, until disease progression or prohibitive toxicity in favourable or intermediate-risk aRCC. The primary end point was proportion alive and progression-free at 6 months (PFS6m). The secondary end points were feasibility, tumour response, overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs). The correlative objective was to assess biomarkers and correlate with clinical outcome. RESULTS We recruited 55 eligible participants from September 2010 to August 2012. DEMOGRAPHICS mean age 61, 71% male, favourable risk 16%, intermediate risk 84%. Cycle 2 commenced within 14 weeks for 80% of participants; 64% received ≥22 weeks of alternating therapy; 78% received ≥22 weeks of any treatment. PFS6m was 29/55 (53%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 40% to 66%). Tumour response rate was 7/55 (13%; 95% CI 4% to 22%, all partial responses). After median follow-up of 20 months, 47 of 55 (86%) had progressed with a median progression-free survival of 8 months (95% CI 5-10), and 30 of 55 (55%) had died with a median OS of 17 months (95% CI 12-undefined). AEs were consistent with those expected for each single agent. No convincing prognostic biomarkers were identified. CONCLUSIONS The EVERSUN regimen was feasible and safe, but its activity did not meet pre-specified values to warrant further research. This supports the current approach of continuing anti-VEGF therapy until progression or prohibitive toxicity before changing treatment. AUSTRALIAN NEW ZEALAND CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY ACTRN12609000643279.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D Davis
- Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne; ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney.
| | - A Long
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney; Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - S Yip
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney; Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - D Espinoza
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney; Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - J F Thompson
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - G Kichenadasse
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide
| | - M Harrison
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney; Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool
| | - R M Lowenthal
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Royal Hobart Hospital and Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart
| | - N Pavlakis
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - A Azad
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Austin Health, Melbourne
| | - G Kannourakis
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Ballarat Oncology & Haematology Services and Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat; Federation University, Ballarat
| | - C Steer
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Border Medical Oncology, Wodonga
| | - D Goldstein
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Prince of Wales Clinical School and Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney
| | - J Shapiro
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Cabrini Hospital, Melbourne
| | - R Harvie
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute, Sydney
| | - L Jovanovic
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane
| | - A L Hudson
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute, Sydney
| | - C C Nelson
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane
| | - M R Stockler
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney; Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney; Concord Cancer Centre, Concord, Australia
| | - A Martin
- ANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Sydney; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney; Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney
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Bromley R, Oliver L, Davey R, Harvie R, Baldock C. SU-DD-A2-03: Can the Linear Quadratic (LQ) Model Predict the Biological Response of Cells to Simple Dose Heterogeneity for Single and Multiple Fraction Irradiation? Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3467990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Khasraw M, Pavlakis N, McCowatt S, Underhill C, Begbie S, de Souza P, Boyce A, Parnis F, Lim V, Harvie R, Marx G. Multicentre phase I/II study of PI-88, a heparanase inhibitor in combination with docetaxel in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2009; 21:1302-1307. [PMID: 19917571 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdp524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel (Taxotere) improve survival and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rates in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We studied the combination of PI-88, an inhibitor of angiogenesis and heparanase activity, and docetaxel in chemotherapy-naive CRPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a multicentre open-label phase I/II trial of PI-88 in combination with docetaxel. The primary end point was PSA response. Secondary end points included toxicity, radiologic response and overall survival. Doses of PI-88 were escalated to the maximum tolerated dose; whereas docetaxel was given at a fixed 75 mg/m(2) dose every three weeks RESULTS Twenty-one patients were enrolled in the dose-escalation component. A further 35 patients were randomly allocated to the study to evaluate the two schedules in phase II trial. The trial was stopped early by the Safety Data Review Board due to a higher-than-expected febrile neutropenia of 27%. In the pooled population, the PSA response (50% reduction) was 70%, median survival was 61 weeks (6-99 weeks) and 1-year survival was 71%. CONCLUSIONS The regimen of docetaxel and PI-88 is active in CRPC but associated with significant haematologic toxicity. Further evaluation of different scheduling and dosing of PI-88 and docetaxel may be warranted to optimise efficacy with a more manageable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khasraw
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital.
| | - N Pavlakis
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital
| | - S McCowatt
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Haematology and Oncology Clinics, Sydney, New South Wales
| | | | - S Begbie
- Department of Oncology, Port Macquarie Base Hospital, Port Macquarie
| | - P de Souza
- UNSW, St George Hospital Clinical School, Sydney
| | - A Boyce
- Department of Oncology, Lismore Base Hospital, Lismore, New South Wales
| | - F Parnis
- Ashford Cancer Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - V Lim
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital
| | - R Harvie
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital
| | - G Marx
- Department of Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Haematology and Oncology Clinics, Sydney, New South Wales
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Farquharson MA, Harvie R, Kennedy A, McNicol AM. Detection of mRNA by in situ hybridisation and in northern blot analysis using oligodeoxynucleotide probes labelled with alkaline phosphatase. J Clin Pathol 1993; 45:999-1002. [PMID: 1360478 PMCID: PMC495032 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.45.11.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess whether a reduction in intensity of signal observed using an alkaline phosphatase labelled oligodeoxynucleotide probe could be explained on the basis of procedural steps rather than reduced sensitivity. METHOD Signal intensity was assessed on in situ hybridisation for pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in rat pituitary and for somatostatin mRNA in human pancreas and in northern blot analysis for POMC mRNA in the presence and absence of formamide. The direct effects of formamide on the alkaline phosphatase detection step were assessed using histochemical enzyme detection in rat kidney. RESULTS All signals were reduced in systems containing formamide. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of formamide clear, strong signals for specific mRNAs can be obtained by in situ hybridisation and northern blot analysis using oligodeoxynucleotide probes directly labelled with alkaline phosphatase. Formamide seems to inhibit the activity of alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Farquharson
- University Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
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Harvie R, Elvin P, McArdle C, Morten JE, McNicol AM. Detection of mRNA for ribosomal phosphoprotein P2 in normal colon and colonic tumours by in situ hybridization. J Pathol 1991; 164:67-73. [PMID: 2056390 DOI: 10.1002/path.1711640112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have localized the mRNA for the ribosomal phosphoprotein P2, a putative metastasis-related sequence, in normal colon and colonic carcinomas by in situ hybridization, using an oligonucleotide probe end-labelled with digoxigenin. The mRNA was identified in normal colonic epithelial cells, the intensity of the signal being greater in cells at the base of the crypts compared with those on the surface. A strong positive signal was also seen in plasma cells, in fibroblasts in granulation tissue, in ganglion cells, and in hepatocytes. A positive signal was identified in all 16 primary colonic tumours studied and in 7 hepatic metastases. In contrast to previous studies based on Northern blot analysis, we were unable to demonstrate increased expression in metastases as compared with primary tumours, nor could we demonstrate any increased expression in primary tumours which were associated with distant metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Harvie
- University Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, U.K
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Abstract
A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide sequence complementary to the mRNA for the adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) precursor pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) was end labelled using digoxigenin. The probe was used to detect POMC mRNA both on nitrocellulose filters and by non-isotopic in situ hybridisation (NISH) in tissue sections. Digoxigenin was identified using anti-digoxigenin alkaline phosphatase. The model system examined was the rat pituitary gland. Removal of both adrenal glands and dexamethasone administration were used to change the concentrations of POMC mRNA in the rat anterior lobe. The labelled probe reacted with a single band of appropriate molecular weight in Northern blot analysis. The distribution of signal in tissue sections and the changes induced by experimental manipulation were as predicted. The results indicate that this method of NISH will prove useful in the detection of specific messenger RNAs in tissue sections of buffered, formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded material.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farquharson
- University Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow
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Abstract
The level of galactosyltransferase activity was measured in the serum of 220 patients with a variety of solid tumours. There was a significantly greater proportion of patients with elevated galactosyltransferase in the group with metastatic disease (43%) than for the group with localised disease (16%). Galactosyltransferase was elevated in 69% of patients with liver metastasis compared to 32% of patients with metastatic disease at sites other than liver and this difference was also significant. High resolution agarose isoelectric-focusing was used to determine the 'isoenzyme' pattern of serum galactosyltransferase of 6 patients with liver metastasis and 2 patients with primary hepatoma and these were compared to those of 6 patients with similar primary tumours without liver involvement. There were no qualitative differences in the patterns from the two groups. The average peak height for each of the 19 peaks of activity identified was generally higher in the group with liver involvement, except for those peaks known to contain little or no attached sialic acid. Liver involvement appears not to contribute in any specific way to the altered pattern of serum galactosyltransferase often seen in patients with solid tumours. The tumour rather than the liver is therefore the most likely source of these alterations.
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Davey R, Harvie R, Cahill J. The heterogeneity and acceptor specificity of human serum galactosyltransferase. Biochem Int 1984; 8:687-96. [PMID: 6433936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human serum was fractionated by high resolution agarose isoelectricfocusing and the galactosyltransferase activity profile was determined using the ovalbumin, mucin, glucose and N-acetylglucosamine acceptor assays. The four acceptors gave very similar activity profiles. There were minor quantitative differences in some of the 12 or more peaks of activity detected and the only qualitative difference between them was a minor peak at pH 3.90 (2% of the total activity) which reacted only with the mucin acceptor. This suggests that most of the isoenzymes of human serum galactosyltransferase have broad and similar acceptor specificities and that the heterogeneity seen in serum cannot be accounted for by acceptor-specific forms of the enzyme.
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