1
|
Finlay CM, Stefanska AM, Coleman MM, Jahns H, Cassidy JP, McLoughlin RM, Mills KHG. Secreted products of Fasciola hepatica inhibit the induction of T cell responses that mediate allergy. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [PMID: 28815724 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence from epidemiology studies of a negative association between infection with helminth parasites and the development of allergy and asthma. Here, we demonstrate that the excretory/secretory products of the helminth Fasciola hepatica (FHES) protected mice against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma when administered at time of allergen sensitization. FHES reduced the accumulation of mucus, eosinophils and lymphocytes into the airways of allergen-challenged mice. Furthermore, FHES treatment suppressed Th2 responses in the airways. Interestingly, systemic administration of FHES at allergen challenge had no effect on airway inflammation, demonstrating that alum-induced Th2 response is set following initial allergen sensitization. Our findings highlight the immunomodulatory potential of molecules secreted by F. hepatica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Finlay
- Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - A M Stefanska
- Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M M Coleman
- Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - H Jahns
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Science Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J P Cassidy
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Science Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R M McLoughlin
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Group School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - K H G Mills
- Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mulcahy ME, Leech JM, Renauld JC, Mills KH, McLoughlin RM. Interleukin-22 regulates antimicrobial peptide expression and keratinocyte differentiation to control Staphylococcus aureus colonization of the nasal mucosa. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:1429-1441. [PMID: 27007677 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The local immune response occurring during Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization remains ill-defined. Studies have highlighted the importance of T-cell immunity in controlling S. aureus colonization of the nasal mucosa. We extend these observations, identifying a critical role for interleukin (IL)-22 in this process. IL-22 is basally expressed within the nasal mucosa and is induced upon S. aureus colonization. IL-22 is produced by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes at this site, with innate-like lymphocytes also contributing. IL-22-/- mice demonstrate significantly elevated levels of S. aureus nasal colonization as compared with wild-type (WT) mice. This was associated with reduced expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the nose. Furthermore, expression of staphylococcal ligands loricrin and cytokeratin 10 was higher in the noses of IL-22-/- as compared with WT mice. IL-17 has been shown to regulate S. aureus nasal colonization by controlling local neutrophil responses; however, IL-17 expression and neutrophil responses were comparable in the noses of IL-22-/- and WT mice during S. aureus colonization. We conclude that IL-22 has an important role in controlling S. aureus nasal colonization through distinct mechanisms, with IL-22 mediating its effect exclusively by inducing AMP expression and controlling availability of staphylococcal ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Mulcahy
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J M Leech
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J-C Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Experimental Medicine Unit, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Hg Mills
- Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R M McLoughlin
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McLoughlin RM, Calatroni A, Visness CM, Wallace PK, Cruikshank WW, Tuzova M, Ly NP, Ruiz-Perez B, Kattan M, Bloomberg GR, Lederman H, Gern JE, Gold DR. Longitudinal relationship of early life immunomodulatory T cell phenotype and function to development of allergic sensitization in an urban cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 42:392-404. [PMID: 22092655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulatory T cells are thought to influence development of allergy and asthma, but early life longitudinal data on their phenotype and function are lacking. OBJECTIVES As part of the Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma (URECA) study, we investigated the development of immunomodulatory T cell phenotype and function, and characterized their relation to allergic disease progression from birth through to 2 years of age. METHODS Immunomodulatory T cell phenotype and function in cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) at 1 and 2 years of age were characterized by analysing CD25(bright) and FoxP3(+) expression, proliferative responses and cytokine production. The relation of immunomodulatory T cell characteristics to allergic sensitization and disease at 1- and 2-years of age was investigated. RESULTS The proportion of CD4(+)CD25(bright) and CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)T cells (n = 114, 83, 82 at birth, 1- and 2-years respectively) increased significantly, whereas there were no significant changes in the suppressive function of CD25(+)T cells (n = 78, 71, 81 at birth, 1- and 2-years respectively). Birth immunomodulatory T cell characteristics were not related to subsequent allergic sensitization or disease. However, increases in the numbers of CD4(+)CD25(bright) cells and their ability to suppress lymphoproliferative responses at 1 year of age were associated with reduced allergic sensitization at 1 (P = 0.03) and 2 (P = 0.02) years of age. Production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by CD25(+)T cells appeared to mediate this protective suppressive function. In contrast, by 2 years of age, we observed the emergence of a positive association of CD4(+)CD25(+) FoxP3(+) T cell numbers with allergic sensitization (P = 0.05) and eczema (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest that the relationship between immunomodulatory T cell subsets, allergic sensitization and eczema is developmentally regulated. In the first year of life, CD4(+)CD25(+) IL-10 producing T cells are associated with a reduced incidence of allergic sensitization. Once allergic sensitization or eczema is established, CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)T-reg cells expand to potentially counteract the allergic inflammatory response. Understanding the relationship between development of immunoregulatory T cells and early onset atopy could lead to new preventive strategies for allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M McLoughlin
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brophy K, Ryan AW, Thornton JM, Abuzakouk M, Fitzgerald AP, McLoughlin RM, O'morain C, Kennedy NP, Stevens FM, Feighery C, Kelleher D, McManus R. Haplotypes in the CTLA4 region are associated with coeliac disease in the Irish population. Genes Immun 2005; 7:19-26. [PMID: 16237465 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal region 2q33 encodes the immune regulatory genes, CTLA4, ICOS and CD28, which are involved in regulation of T-cell activity and has been studied as a candidate gene locus in autoimmune diseases, including coeliac disease (CD). We have investigated whether an association exists between this region and CD in the Irish population using a comprehensive analysis for genetic variation. Using a haplotype-tagging approach, this gene cluster was investigated for disease association in a case-control study comprising 394 CD patients and 421 ethnically matched healthy controls. Several SNPs, including CTLA4_CT60, showed association with disease; however, after correction for multiple-testing, CTLA4-658C/T was the only polymorphism found to show significant association with disease when allele, genotype, or carrier status frequency were analysed (carrier status (Allele C), P = 0.0016). Haplotype analysis revealed a haplotype incorporating the CD28/CTLA4 and two 5' ICOS polymorphisms to be significantly associated with disease (patients 24.1%; controls 31.5%; P = 0.035), as was a shorter haplotype composed of the CTLA4 markers only (30.9 vs 34.9%; P = 0.042). The extended haplotype incorporating CD28/CTLA4 and 5' ICOS is more strongly associated with disease than haplotypes of individual genes. This suggests a causal variant associated with this haplotype may be associated with disease in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Brophy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
McLoughlin RM, O'Connor HJ. Diarrhoea developing in hospital patients. Ir J Med Sci 2005; 174:5-7. [PMID: 15868883 DOI: 10.1007/bf03168512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
6
|
Ryan AW, Thornton JM, Brophy K, Daly JS, McLoughlin RM, O'Morain C, Abuzakouk M, Kennedy NP, Stevens FM, Feighery C, Kelleher D, McManus R. Chromosome 5q candidate genes in coeliac disease: Genetic variation at IL4, IL5, IL9, IL13, IL17B and NR3C1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 65:150-5. [PMID: 15713213 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition to coeliac disease (CD) is determined primarily by alleles at the HLA-DQB locus, and evidence exists implicating other major histocompatibility complex-linked genes (6p21) and the CTLA4 locus on chromosome 2q33. In addition, extensive family studies have provided strong, reproducible evidence for a susceptibility locus on chromosome 5q (CELIAC2). However, the gene responsible has not been identified. We have assayed genetic variation at the IL4, IL5, IL9, IL13, IL17B and NR3C1 (GR) loci, all of which are present on chromosome 5q and have potential or demonstrated involvement in autoimmune and/or inflammatory disease, in a sample of 409 CD cases and 355 controls. Thirteen single nucleotide polymorphisms were chosen on the basis of functional relevance, prior disease association and, where possible, prior knowledge of the haplotype variation present in European populations. There were no statistically significant allele or haplotype frequency differences between cases and controls. Therefore, these results provide no evidence that these loci are associated with CD in this sample population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A W Ryan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ryan AW, Thornton JM, Brophy K, Daly JS, O'Morain C, McLoughlin RM, Kennedy NP, Abuzakouk M, Stevens FM, Feighery C, Kelleher D, McManus R. Haplotype variation at the IBD5/SLC22A4 locus (5q31) in coeliac disease in the Irish population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 64:195-8. [PMID: 15245375 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2004.00251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the well-established association of coeliac disease (CD) with HLA-DQ (6p21) and possibly CTLA4 (2q33), there is considerable evidence for a susceptibility locus on chromosome 5q, which contains many potential candidates for inflammatory disease, including a cluster of cytokine genes in 5q31. CD cases and controls were genotyped for four single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that together characterize >90% of the haplotype variation at the IBD5 locus encoding, among others, the SLC22A4 gene. IBD5 and SLC22A4 map to 5q31 and have recently been associated with Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Haplotype frequencies do not differ significantly between CD cases and controls in the Irish population, and therefore the chromosome 5 CD susceptibility locus most likely lies elsewhere on 5q.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A W Ryan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Trinity Center for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Robson RL, McLoughlin RM, Witowski J, Loetscher P, Wilkinson TS, Jones SA, Topley N. Differential regulation of chemokine production in human peritoneal mesothelial cells: IFN-gamma controls neutrophil migration across the mesothelium in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol 2001; 167:1028-38. [PMID: 11441112 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.2.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment into the infected peritoneal cavity consists of an early, predominant polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) influx and subsequent, prolonged mononuclear cell migration phase. Although chemokine secretion by resident peritoneal cells plays a primary role in mediating this migration, the mechanisms involved in controlling the switch in phenotype of cell infiltrate remain unclear. The present study investigates a potential role for the Th1-type cytokine IFN-gamma in the process of leukocyte recruitment into the peritoneal cavity. Stimulation of cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells with IFN-gamma (1-100 U/ml) alone or in combination with IL-1beta (100 pg/ml) or TNF-alpha (1000 pg/ml) resulted in significant up-regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and RANTES protein secretion. In contrast, IFN-gamma inhibited basal and IL-1beta-, and TNF-alpha-induced production of IL-8. The modulating effects of IFN-gamma on chemokine production occurred at the level of gene expression, and the degree of regulation observed was dependent on the doses of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha used. Analysis of the functional effects of IFN-gamma on IL-1beta-induced transmesothelial PMN migration with an in vitro human transmigration system and an in vivo murine model of peritoneal inflammation demonstrated that IFN-gamma was able to down-regulate PMN migration induced by optimal doses of IL-1beta. These effects were mediated in vivo via down-regulation of CXC chemokine synthesis. These findings suggest that IFN-gamma may play a role in controlling the phenotype of infiltrating leukocyte during the course of an inflammatory response, in part via regulation of resident cell chemokine synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R L Robson
- Institute of Nephrology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hurst SM, Wilkinson TS, McLoughlin RM, Jones S, Horiuchi S, Yamamoto N, Rose-John S, Fuller GM, Topley N, Jones SA. Il-6 and its soluble receptor orchestrate a temporal switch in the pattern of leukocyte recruitment seen during acute inflammation. Immunity 2001; 14:705-14. [PMID: 11420041 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 620] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
During acute inflammation, leukocyte recruitment is characterized by an initial infiltration of neutrophils, which are later replaced by a more sustained population of mononuclear cells. Based on both clinical and experimental evidence, we present a role for IL-6 and its soluble receptor (sIL-6R) in controlling this pattern of leukocyte recruitment during peritoneal inflammation. Liberation of sIL-6R from the initial neutrophil infiltrate acts as a regulator of CXC and CC chemokine expression, which contributes to a suppression of neutrophil recruitment and the concurrent attraction of mononuclear leukocytes. Soluble IL-6R-mediated signaling is therefore an important intermediary in the resolution of inflammation and supports transition between the early predominantly neutrophilic stage of an infection and the more sustained mononuclear cell influx.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Ascitic Fluid
- Cell Migration Inhibition
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/biosynthesis
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelium
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/immunology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Peritoneum/cytology
- Peritonitis/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/immunology
- Solubility
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hurst
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US, Wales, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|