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Wanek M, Hodges K, Persaud R, Moazami N. Low-dose Prothrombin Complex Concentrates for Warfarin Reversal Prior to Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Introduction In 2011 The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS) set out best practice standards for emergency surgery. This national pilot audit aimed to determine the compliance of otolaryngology departments in England with these published guidelines. Methods A 26-item online questionnaire was devised that encompassed all the 36 best practices as set out by the RCS for ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery. This was sent to ENT trainees and consultants based at units in England providing emergency ENT services. Results Data were obtained from 55 of the 102 units (response rate: 54%). A mean compliance of 71% was achieved (range: 25-94%). No units achieved all of the best practices. The standards with the highest compliance included 24-hour availability of blood transfusion and haematology opinion for patients with epistaxis, availability of a consultant or ST3/equivalent for immediate discussion of severe post-tonsillectomy bleeding, 24-hour access to blood transfusion for arrest of haemorrhage and immediate theatre access for arrest of haemorrhage. The areas with the lowest compliance were provision of a pathway for angiography/embolisation for epistaxis and provision of an equipped ENT room on a paediatric ward. Conclusions This audit has highlighted that the majority of departments in England are providing a good standard of ENT emergency care. There is room for improvement in certain areas, such as the provision of an embolisation pathway in the context of refractory epistaxis. We hope that this audit will encourage ENT departments to evaluate their current provision of emergency care and institute changes (where necessary) to maintain and improve their practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharma
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust , UK
| | - A Yao
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | | | - R Persaud
- Al Zahra Hospital, Sharjah and Dubai , United Arab Emirates
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Gupta S, Yao A, Mahalingam S, Persaud R. ENT emergency surgery – Are we complying with the royal college of surgeons of England standards? A national pilot audit. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Varadharajan K, Persaud R, Al-Reefy H, Rennie C, Narula A. A pilot audit of paediatric ENT standards in London and Greater London: are we delivering a first class service? Clin Otolaryngol 2011; 36:406-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2011.02362.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
ABSTRACTWe have previously shown the growth mode of Ag on Fe(110) to be Stranski-Krastanov with Ag islands growing on top of two intermediate Ag layers. In the present studies, Fe was deposited on thin annealed Ag layers on Fe(110). The growth and interdiffusion of these layers were monitored by reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). For deposition at room temperature (RT), Fe islands grow in a (HO) orientation on the Ag/Fe(110) substrate. These islands form facets similar to those obtained at an equivalent coverage for the Fe/Fe(110) system. AES indicates that there is some intermixing between the deposited Fe atoms and underlying Ag layers at RT. During annealing, or for deposition at 250°C, Ag floats to the top while the Fe islands flatten to form layers at the Ag/Fe(110) interface.
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Abstract
AbstractThe growth of Au on TiO2 (110) has been examined by high resolution fielc emission scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) in combination with electror backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The Au was evaporated under UHV conditions onto stoichiometric TiO2 (110) surfaces in the temperature range from 300 to 475 K. At 300 K and for low coverages (<1.5 nm), Au grows as discrete particles. For thicker coverages (>1.5 nm), the particles coalesce to form a network, but percolation is absent even aftel deposition of 5 nm Au. Upon annealing or deposition (≥ 5 nm) at 475 K, the particles, appear clearly faceted and are oriented along specific crystallographic directions. EBSE patterns taken from individual particles reveal two equivalent domain orientations rotated by 180° with epitaxial orientation relationships corresponding to (111)Au//(110)TiO and [110] // [001]TiO2 (Orientation I) and [110] // [001]TiO2.(Orientation II)
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Mehta N, Persaud R, Narula A. Re: Passive restraint: a technique for the examination of the uncooperative child. Clin Otolaryngol 2009; 34:264. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2009.01901.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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O'Flynn P, Silva S, Kothari P, Persaud R. A multicentre audit of single-use surgical instruments (SUSI) for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2008; 89:616-23. [PMID: 18201478 DOI: 10.1308/003588407x205350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prions are resistant to conventional sterilisation procedures and, therefore, could be transmitted iatrogenically through re-usable adenoid and tonsil surgical instruments. Using disposable instruments would avoid the risk of transmission. We present the results of a complete audit loop using BBraun single-use surgical instruments (SUSI). PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a prospective multicentre audit. Surgeons were asked to fill in a standardised questionnaire recording details including postoperative complications, and evaluation of each piece of equipment compared with their own experience of conventional re-usable instruments. In the first cycle, constructive criticisms of the instruments were noted and the manufacturers modified the instruments accordingly. A second cycle of audit was subsequently undertaken. RESULTS A total of 86 patients were audited in the first cycle and 97 in the second cycle. Postoperative haemorrhage rate for both cycles was well within acceptable range. In the first audit cycle, surgeons generally found the Draffin rods, Boyle-Davis gag and bipolar diathermy forceps of poor quality and difficult to use. These were redesigned and, on repeat evaluation during the second audit cycle, were found to be just as good, if not better, than the re-usable instruments. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that SUSI may be just as good as re-usable instruments. Furthermore, they may be more cost effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- P O'Flynn
- UCLH Head & Neck Centre, London, UK.
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Persaud R, Hajioff D, Trinidade A, Khemani S, Bhattacharyya MN, Papadimitriou N, Kalan A, Bhattacharyya AK. Evidence-based review of aetiopathogenic theories of congenital and acquired cholesteatoma. J Laryngol Otol 2007; 121:1013-9. [PMID: 17697435 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215107000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is a non-neoplastic, keratinising lesion which has two forms: congenital and acquired. Congenital cholesteatoma develops behind a normal, intact tympanic membrane, whilst acquired cholesteatoma is associated with a defect in the tympanic membrane. The pathological substrate of cholesteatoma is keratinising stratified squamous epithelium, but the origin of this epidermal tissue in the middle ear is controversial. Here, we review the most relevant and recent evidence for the principal aetiopathogenic theories of both forms of cholesteatoma, in the light of recent otopathological findings. Congenital cholesteatoma is most plausibly explained by the persistence of fetal epidermoid formation. Conclusive 'proof' awaits the unambiguous demonstration of the metamorphosis of an epidermoid nidus into a lesion in vivo. Acquired cholesteatoma may develop by various mechanisms: immigration, basal hyperplasia, retraction pocket and/or trauma (iatrogenic or non-iatrogenic). However, squamous metaplasia of the normal cuboidal epithelium of the middle ear is a highly unlikely explanation. Chronic inflammation seems to play a fundamental role in multiple aetiopathogenic mechanisms of acquired cholesteatoma. Therefore early treatment of inflammatory conditions might reduce their sequelae, perhaps by preventing the development of hyperplastic papillary protrusions. Continued otopathological, cellular and molecular research would enhance our limited understanding of cholesteatoma and may lead to new therapeutic strategies for this erosive disease, which often defies surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK.
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Persaud R. Violence and psychiatric morbidity. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 190:177; author reply 177-8. [PMID: 17267941 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.190.2.177a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mehrzad H, Persaud R, Papadimitriou N, Kaniyur S, Mochloulis G. Schwannoma of tongue base treated with transoral carbon dioxide laser. Lasers Med Sci 2006; 21:235-7. [PMID: 17003956 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-006-0402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Schwannomas are benign slow growing solitary tumours of nerve sheath origin and can arise from any myelinated nerve. They have been reported to occur in most parts of the body with the highest incidence (25%) in the head and neck region, although tongue base lesions are rare. The tumour is resistant to radiotherapy, and therefore, the treatment of choice is surgery. We present a case of a tongue base schwannoma which was completely extirpated with a carbon dioxide laser via the transoral approach. The patient experienced virtually no morbidity from the use of the laser. Whilst tongue base schwannoma has been documented, we could not find an earlier report in the English literature describing our method of treatment. We conclude that transoral carbon dioxide laser can be added to the surgical armamentarium for the management of other similar cases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mehrzad
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, Herts, UK.
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Persaud R, Hajioff D, Georgalas C, Bentley M, Silva S, Narula A. How we do it: an audit of Action on ENT baseline standards in otolaryngology departments in England, UK. Clin Otolaryngol 2006; 31:334-8. [PMID: 16911658 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2006.01194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An internet-based audit was conducted to determine how well English otolaryngology departments apply Action on ENT baseline clinical and administrative standards. A total of 91% (97 of 107) departments responded. Only 8% of 97 departments met all 23 standards but the majority complied with most standards. Microsuction and outpatient endoscopy were almost universally available (99% and 97% respectively) and 98% monitored in-patient and day surgery activity. Compliance was poor (<60%) for three standards: common waiting lists for common conditions (51%), facilities to elicit patient feedback (56%) and the inclusion of a treatment plan in the notes (46%). More than one in four departments lacked dedicated facilities to treat children or a lead clinician for paediatric audiology, despite the Children Acts of 1989 and 2004. It is hoped that this audit will help sub-optimal units to correct their deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Department of Otolaryngology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK.
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Persaud R. How to stay sane while practising medicine (a summary). Trans Med Soc Lond 2006; 118:90-1. [PMID: 16116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, London
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- The Maudsley Hospital, Westways Clinic, Croydon, UK.
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Persaud R, Krahé D, Georgalas C, Kaniyur S, Das S, Alusi G. Authors' Response. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1308/003588405x51047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
A granular cell tumour is a rare lesion of probable nerve sheath origin. It is typically benign but up to seven per cent may be malignant. Since its original description in the tongue in 1926, the tumour has been reported to occur at many other sites in the body. The authors report a case of a 49-year-old African woman with an oro-naso-parapharyngeal granular cell neoplasm causing mild dysphagia. The location of this tumour, which has not been reported previously, posed a unique surgical challenge. An initial attempt to remove the lesion transorally was only partially successful because it was too tough and adherent for conventional surgical dissecting instruments. Complete resection, however, was achieved with a carbon dioxide laser via the same approach. This information may be helpful in the management of other similar cases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, Gray's Inn Road, London, UK.
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Persaud R. How to win wars and influence people. Postgrad Med J 2005; 81:115-6. [PMID: 15701744 PMCID: PMC1743211 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2004.029934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Albarzangi L, Persaud R, Beale T. Radiology quiz case 3. X-linked congenital mixed deafness syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 130:1444, 1449. [PMID: 15611413 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.130.12.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Albarzangi
- Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, England
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Persaud R, Krahé D, Georgalas C, Kaniyur S, Das S, Alusi G. Life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis of the neck: an unusual consequence of a sore throat. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2004; 86:253-7. [PMID: 15239865 PMCID: PMC1964218 DOI: 10.1308/147870804533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis is life-threatening bacterial infection which spreads with frightening speed along the fascial planes resulting in extensive tissue necrosis and often death. The infection is caused by either Group A streptococci or a combination of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Necrotizing fasciitis of the neck is rare and commonly has a dental origin. CASE REPORT Here we present a unique case of the condition that was preceded by a sore throat in a young immunocompetent woman. We also describe, for the first time, a successful outcome involving primary skin closure and daily irrigation of the wound with hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Maudsley Hospital, Westways Clinic, Croydon, UK.
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Persaud R. Ten things I wish I'd known when I was 25. Postgrad Med J 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2003.012195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Persaud R. Therapy Culture: Cultivating Vulnerability in an Uncertain Age. West J Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.327.7426.1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
We report the otological effects of the April 1999 Soho Nail Bomb on 17 patients. Twenty-one (62%) tympanic membranes were perforated (pars tensa only); 78% closed spontaneously within 6 months. The mean size of the perforation in the tympanic membrane nearer to the blast was significantly larger than the opposite side [33% +/- 8.3 (mean +/- SD) and 13% +/- 4.1 respectively; P = 0.02]. All patients reported hearing losses that were mixed conductive and sensorineural but mainly high-frequency sensorineural (4, 6 and 8 kHz, pure tone average 42.3 dB +/- 20.5). The sensorineural hearing loss correlated inversely with the distance from the explosion but not with the size of perforation. There was no significant difference in the hearing loss between the ear facing the blast and the opposite ear. Fifteen patients (88%) had temporary tinnitus. No patient complained of any vestibular symptoms. The otological effects of a nail bomb in an enclosed space have not been previously reported. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between hearing loss and distance from the explosion and a significant difference in perforation size facing the blast, compared with the opposite side, are also presented for the first time. The high spontaneous closure rate of perforations and minimal ongoing disability from sensorineural losses favour conservative management in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Department of Otolaryngology, West Middlesex University Hospital, UK.
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Persaud R. Book: Hidden Depths: The Story of Hypnosis. West J Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.325.7354.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
The ability of superglue (a cyanoacrylate adhesive) to bond strongly and quickly to skin presents considerable problems when it is inserted into the ear. A case of a patient who inadvertently self-administered Bostik superglue into her left external auditory meatus is reported. The superglue was removed successfully, in the form of a cast, with warm three per cent hydrogen peroxide without damaging the meatus or the typanic membrane. The use of hydrogen peroxide to remove superglue from the ear has not been described previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- Department of ENT Surgery, Guy's and Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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Persaud R. Book: Houdini's Box: On the Arts of Escape. West J Med 2001. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.323.7317.873a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fogden M, Whitehorn K, Starr D, Persaud R, Hannaford R, Barbara J, Love E, Robinson A, Ferguson E, Turner G, Wallington T, Klein H, Franklin I, Fry R. Panel Discussion. Millennium Festival of Medicine--Transfusion 2020--18 October 2000. Transfus Med 2001; 11:136-45. [PMID: 11583001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Persaud R. Bully for you ... or is it? Nurs Times 2001; 97:22. [PMID: 11954079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- R Persaud
- consultant psychiatrist, Maudsley Hospital, London
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Persaud R. Video: The Testimony Archive. West J Med 2000. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7274.1476/a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Persaud R. Suicides rise after Diana's death. BMJ 2000; 321:1243. [PMID: 11082078 PMCID: PMC1119006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Persaud R. Dialog on depression. Science 2000; 288:975. [PMID: 10841715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Persaud R. Nocturnal sweating and temperature in depression'. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000; 101:251. [PMID: 10721876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Persaud R. Race, sex, and referral for cardiac catheterization. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:2021-2. [PMID: 10617404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Persaud R. The Media Doctor - Time for a New Speciality in Medicine? J R Coll Physicians Edinb 1999. [DOI: 10.1177/147827159902900207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Persaud R. Book: When She Was Bad: How Women Get Away with Murder. West J Med 1999. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.318.7181.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Persaud R. Prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder. J R Soc Med 1999; 92:52. [PMID: 10319042 PMCID: PMC1297048 DOI: 10.1177/014107689909200122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Persaud R. Coping without a counsellor. Practitioner 1998; 242:542-5. [PMID: 10492932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Lai PF, Hubbling D, Persaud R. Non-directive psychotherapy versus routine general practitioner care. Lancet 1998; 351:750; author reply 751-2. [PMID: 9504537 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)26010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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