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Maya L, Puentes R, Reolón E, Acuña P, Riet F, Rivero R, Cristina J, Colina R. Molecular diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in uruguay. Arch Virol 2015; 161:529-35. [PMID: 26597189 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) affects bovine production and reproduction causing significant economic losses all over the world. Two viral species has been recognized: BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, both distributed worldwide. Recently, novel specie of BVDV named HoBi-like pestivirus was discovered. The presence of BVDV was confirmed in 1996 in Uruguay, however, does not exist until today a schedule of compulsory vaccination along the country. Serological studies with samples from all Uruguayan herds were performed during 2000 and 2001 demonstrating that all of them were seropositive to BVDV with a mean prevalence of 69%. In addition, there have been no new studies done since those previously described and it is important to mention that the genetic diversity of BVD has never been described in Uruguay. Nowadays, there is strongly suspect that BVDV is one of the most important causes of reproductive failures in our herds. The aim of this study was to describe for the first time in Uruguay the genetic diversity of BVDV with samples collected from different regions along the country. Serological status of 390 non-vaccinated animals against BVDV with reproductive problems from farms of Rivera, Tacuarembó and Florida departments of Uruguay were studied. All herds were seropositive to BVDV and high proportion of animals were positive (298/390), while 4.1% (16/390) of the animals were positive to Antigen Capture ELISA test and Real Time PCR. Phylogenetic analysis performed with concatenated sequences from the 5'UTR and Npro genomic regions revealed that BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 are infecting our herds, being BVDV-1 the most frequently found. The major subtype was BVDV-1a, followed by BVDV-1i and BVDV-2b. This is the first study that describes the genetic diversity of BVDV in Uruguay and it will contribute to the elaboration of sanitization programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maya
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Regional Norte, CENUR Noroeste, Universidad de la República, Gral. Rivera 1350, 50000, Salto, Uruguay
| | - R Puentes
- Área de Inmunología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, 11500, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - E Reolón
- Laboratorios Santa Elena-VIRBAC, Av. Millán 4175, CP 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - P Acuña
- Laboratorios Santa Elena-VIRBAC, Av. Millán 4175, CP 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F Riet
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), La Estanzuela, CP 70.000, Casilla De Correo, 39173, Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay
| | - R Rivero
- DILAVE "Miguel C. Rubino", Laboratorio Regional Noroeste, Casilla De Correo 57.037. CP 60.000, Paysandú, Uruguay
| | - J Cristina
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Colina
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Regional Norte, CENUR Noroeste, Universidad de la República, Gral. Rivera 1350, 50000, Salto, Uruguay.
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Rivero R, Verdes J, Matto C, Kelly L, Guerrero F, Gimeno E. Inherited α-mannosidosis in crossbred calves. J Comp Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bulacio Cagnolo N, Rivero R. Evaluación del ácido fórmico y el timol para el control de la Varroosis en un apiario con manejo sanitario orgánico. FAVE Cs Vet 2011. [DOI: 10.14409/favecv.v10i2.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Kromidas L, Perrier E, Flanagan J, Rivero R, Bonnet I. Release of antimicrobial actives from microcapsules by the action of axillary bacteria. Int J Cosmet Sci 2006; 28:103-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramos A, Visozo A, Piloto J, García A, Rodríguez CA, Rivero R. Screening of antimutagenicity via antioxidant activity in Cuban medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 87:241-246. [PMID: 12860316 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The reducing activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, z.rad;OH radical scavenging potential, in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation and modulation of mutagenicity induced by ter-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) in Escherichia coli were sequentially screened in 45 species of plants used with medicinal purposes in Cuba, in a search for antioxidant agents which protect DNA against oxidative stress.Five species, e.g. Tamarindus indica L., Lippia alba L., Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr, Rheedia aristata Griseb. and Curcuma longa L. displayed IC(50)<30 micro g/ml in the DPPH radical reduction assay and IC(50)<32 micro g/ml in lipid peroxidation inhibition testing. Pimenta dioica and Curcuma longa L. showed also a 20% inhibition of the in vitro induced z.rad;OH attack to deoxyglucose. Further antimutagenesis assay in Escherichia coli IC 188 evidenced that only Pimenta dioica prevents DNA damage by TBH to the test bacteria. A role of antioxidant enzymes is presumed in this case, as judged by a different response in the isogenic Escherichia coli IC 203 deficient in catalase and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and the discrete inhibition of oxidative mutagenesis also observed when pre-treatment of the extract was assayed. Eugenol, the main constituent of the essential oil of Pimenta dioica, also inhibited oxidative mutagenesis by TBH in Escherichia coli, at concentrations ranging from 150 to 400 micro g/plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramos
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Avenue 26, No. 1605, Ciudad de La Habana, Nuevo Vedado, CP 10600, Cuba.
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Gianneechini R, Concha C, Rivero R, Delucci I, Moreno López J. Occurrence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis in dairy herds in the West Littoral Region in Uruguay. Acta Vet Scand 2002; 43:221-30. [PMID: 12831175 PMCID: PMC1764198 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-43-221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-nine dairy farms were selected to determine the incidence of clinical mastitis, prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis and bacterial aetiology in the West Littoral Region of Uruguay. In samples taken by the owner and frozen at -20 degrees C during a week the incidence rate of clinical mastitis was determined as 1.2 cases per 100 cow-months at risk. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolated pathogen in 37.5% of 40 milk samples from clinical cases obtained in 1 month. No bacteria grew in the 32.5% of the total samples. A sub-sample including 1077 dairy cows from randomly selected farms was used to determine the prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis. These samples were taken on one visit to each farm. The prevalence was 52.4% on a cow basis and 26.7% on an udder quarter basis. In 55.1% of the quarters of the selected animals with more than 300,000 cells/ml there was no growth. The isolated pathogens from sub-clinical cases and their relative frequencies were: Staphylococcus aureus 62.8%, Streptococcus agalactiae 11.3%, Enterococcus sp. 8%, coagulase-negative staphylococci 7.4%, Streptococus uberis 6.4%, Streptococcus dysgalactiae 1.8%, Escherichia coli 1.5% and Staphylococcus hyicus coagulase-positive 0.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gianneechini
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
The mutagenic potential of a crude extract of Parthenium hysterophorus L. was assessed in the Salmonella/microsome (Ames) assay and the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Results in the bacterial mutagenicity assay were negative for the five strains employed, e.g. TA 1535, TA1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102, while cytotoxicity was evident in all cases at 5000 microg per plate, the highest concentration assayed. A decrease in toxicity was observed with exogenous mammalian metabolic activation (S9) or glutathione (5 micromol per plate). When mutagenicity was monitored after column chromatography fractionation of the crude, fraction 1 was mutagenic in strain TA 98 (+S9). Besides, cytotoxicity was found in fraction 5, where parthenin was eluted. The micronucleus test was negative in mice upon oral administration, at doses up to 96 mg of crude per kg. Bone marrow toxicity was not observed. The crude extract exhibited some in vitro pro-oxidant activity. It also inhibited lipid peroxidation (IC(50)=4.1 microg/ml) but failed to act as .OH scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramos
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Avenido 26 No 1605, Nuevo Vedado, City of Havana CP 10600, Cuba.
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Rivero R, Zabala A, Gianneechini R, Gil J, Moraes J. Anagallis arvensis poisoning in cattle and sheep in Uruguay. Vet Hum Toxicol 2001; 43:27-30. [PMID: 11205073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of Anagallis arvensis poisoning were observed from 1994 to 1998 in cattle and sheep in Uruguay during December and January. Cattle morbidity varied between 3.2 and 53.2% and lethality 42.6 and 100%. Sheep morbidity was 2.8 to 42.9% and lethality 81.3 to 100%. Nine outbreaks occurred on barley and wheat stubble, and 1 in a field previousy ploughed but not cultivated. Clinical signs were weakness, staggers, diarrhea (sometimes bloody), coma, and death. Serum levels of creatinine and urea were elevated. Gross lesions were characterized by sc petechiae, fluid in body cavities, mesenteric and perirenal edema, yellowish or pale kidneys with petechiae on the cortex, esophageal erosive lesions or ulcers, and hemorrhagic abomasitis and enteritis. Severe nephrosis was observed histologically. The green plant collected in a field where an outbreak occurred was administered to 2 sheep at doses of 160 and 224 g/kg bw and produced clinical signs and pathology similar to those observed in field cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rivero
- Laboratorio Regional Noroeste, DILAVE Miguel C. Rubino, Paysandú, Uruguay
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de Laszlo S, Allen E, Li B, Ondeyka D, Rivero R, Malkowitz L, Molineaux C, Siciliano S, Springer M, Greenlee W, Mantlo N. A nonpeptidic agonist ligand of the human C5a receptor: Synthesis, binding affinity optimization and functional characterization. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(96)00606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Underwood DJ, Strader CD, Rivero R, Patchett AA, Greenlee W, Prendergast K. Structural model of antagonist and agonist binding to the angiotensin II, AT1 subtype, G protein coupled receptor. Chem Biol 1994; 1:211-21. [PMID: 9383393 DOI: 10.1016/1074-5521(94)90013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The family of G protein coupled receptors is the largest and perhaps most functionally diverse class of cell-surface receptors. Due to the difficulty of obtaining structural data on membrane proteins there is little information on which to base an understanding of ligand structure-activity relationships, the effects of receptor mutations and the mechanism(s) of signal transduction in this family. We therefore set out to develop a structural model for one such receptor, the human angiotensin II receptor. RESULTS An alignment between the human angiotensin II (type 1; hAT1), human beta 2 adrenergic, human neurokinin-1, and human bradykinin receptors, all of which are G protein coupled receptors, was used to generate a three-dimensional model of the hAT1 receptor based on bacteriorhodopsin. We observed a region within the model that was congruent with the biogenic amine binding site of beta 2, and were thus able to dock a model of the hAT1 antagonist L-158,282 (MK-996) into the transmembrane region of the receptor model. The antagonist was oriented within the helical domain by recognising that the essential acid functionality of this antagonist interacts with Lys199. The structural model is consistent with much of the information on structure-activity relationships for both non-peptide and peptide ligands. CONCLUSIONS Our model provides an explanation for the conversion of the antagonist L-158,282 (MK-996) to an agonist by the addition of an isobutyl group. It also suggests a model for domain motion during signal transduction. The approach of independently deriving three-dimensional receptor models and pharmacophore models of the ligands, then combining them, is a powerful technique which helps validate both models.
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Bartoloni A, Paradisi F, Aquilini D, Roselli M, Rivero R, Nunez LE, de Majo E, Parri F. Absence of HIV infection in low- and high-risk groups in the Santa Cruz region, Bolivia. AIDS 1989; 3:184-5. [PMID: 2496736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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