1
|
Zargar FA, Khanday MA, Ashraf M, Bhat R. Impact of radiation therapy on healthy and cancerous cell dynamics: a Mathematical analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38270349 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2308700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study proposes a novel therapeutic model for cancer treatment with radiation therapy by analyzing the interactions among cancer, immune and healthy cells through a system of three ordinary differential equations. In this model, the natural influx rate of mature immune cells is assumed constant and is denoted by, a. The overall effect of radiation therapy on cancer cells is represented by a parameter, s; which is the surviving fraction of cells as determined by the Linear Quadratic (LQ) model. Conditions for the stability of equilibria in the interaction model modified to include the surviving fraction, are systematically established in terms of the dose and model parameters. Numerical simulations are performed in Wolfram MATHEMATICA software, investigating a spectrum of initial cell population values irradiated with 60Co γ -ray Low-LET radiation and High-LET 165 keV / μ m Ni-ion radiation to facilitate improved visualization and in-depth analysis. By analyzing the model, this study identifies threshold values for the absorbed dose D for particular values of the model and radiation parameters for both High Linear Energy Transfer (high-LET) and Low Linear Energy Transfer (low-LET) radiations that ensure either eradication or minimization of cancer cells from a patient's body, providing valuable insights for designing effective cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F A Zargar
- Department of Mathematics, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - M A Khanday
- Department of Mathematics, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mudasir Ashraf
- Radiological Physics, Department of Radiodiagnosis, JNMC, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Mathematics, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, LPU, Phagwara, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Glimm T, Kaźmierczak B, Newman SA, Bhat R. A two-galectin network establishes mesenchymal condensation phenotype in limb development. Math Biosci 2023; 365:109054. [PMID: 37544500 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous work showed that Gal-1A and Gal-8, two proteins belonging to the galactoside-binding galectin family, are the earliest determinants of the patterning of the skeletal elements of embryonic chicken limbs, and further, that their experimentally determined interactions in the embryonic limb bud can be interpreted via a reaction-diffusion-adhesion (2GL: two galectin plus ligands) model. Here, we use an ordinary differential equation-based approach to analyze the intrinsic switching modality of the 2GL network and characterize the network behavior independent of the diffusive and adhesive arms of the patterning mechanism. We identify two states: where the concentrations of both the galectins are respectively, negligible, and very high. This bistable switch-like system arises via a saddle-node bifurcation from a monostable state. For the case of mass-action production terms, we provide an explicit Lyapunov function for the system, which shows that it has no periodic solutions. Our model therefore predicts that the galectin network may exist in low expression and high expression states separated in space or time, without any intermediate states. We test these predictions in experiments performed with high density cultures of chick limb mesenchymal cells and observe that cells inside precartilage protocondensations express Gal-1A at a much higher rate than those outside, for which it was negligible. The Gal-1A and -8-based patterning network is therefore sufficient to partition the mesenchymal cell population into two discrete cell states with different developmental (chondrogenic vs. non-chondrogenic) fates. When incorporated into an adhesion and diffusion-enabled framework this system can generate a spatially patterned limb skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Glimm
- Department of Mathematics, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, 98229, USA
| | - B Kaźmierczak
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S A Newman
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, NY, 10595, USA
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bolumen A, Mahajan S, Bhat R, Kilaikode S. Unique case of persistent respiratory distress in a premature neonate. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
4
|
Manzar S, Cole SR, Bhat R. Improving maternal update rates within the first hour of NICU admission. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:605-610. [PMID: 38007675 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely communication is essential in attaining maternal satisfaction, developing an excellent physician-patient rapport, and increasing trust. This study reports a significant improvement in maternal communication rates through the quality improvement method. METHODS An educational module was developed, and NICU staff was presented with the slides, followed by a performance questionnaire to demonstrate understanding. The first phase was completed by obtaining feedback from mothers through a questionnaire. The first plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycle, carried out for eight weeks looking at the rates of the maternal update provided within an hour of admission of their neonates to the NICU, was followed by the second PDSA cycle, carried out for ten weeks. The improvement was calculated using conventional statistics and a statistical process control chart. RESULTS During the first phase of the study, thirty-six percent of the mothers were updated within an hour of admission of their neonates to the NICU. During the first PDSA cycle, we did not notice a special cause variation or process change. A significant shift, eight consecutive points above the mean, was noted on the control chart during PDSA cycle 2. The mean±SD of the weekly update rate increased significantly during PDSA cycle 2 (76.8±11) compared to PDSA cycle 1 (47.5±14), p-value = 0.0002. CONCLUSION We improved the maternal update rates through the educational module following the QI improvement model using the PDSA cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Manzar
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ochsner LSU Health, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - S R Cole
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ochsner LSU Health, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - R Bhat
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ochsner LSU Health, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Weber SF, Ruby LC, Heller T, Hande M, Shastry BA, Acharya RV, Bhat R, Shankar S, Prabhu M, Mohapatra AK, Magazine R, Kadavigere R, Denkinger CM, Gehring S, Bélard S, Saravu K. TB disease patterns by HIV and diabetes status. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:733-740. [PMID: 35898145 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: TB is commonly categorised as pulmonary (PTB) or extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Knowledge of TB disease patterns (PTB and/or EPTB) and determining risk factors remains limited.METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in Indian patients with presumed TB. Clinical and imaging data were used to develop refined case definitions for PTB, concurrent PTB and EPTB (PTB + EPTB) and EPTB without PTB (EPTB). These groups were analysed by HIV (HIV+/-) and diabetes mellitus (DM+/-) status.RESULTS: Of 172 HIV-/DM- patients with TB, 48% had PTB, 23% PTB + EPTB and 29% had EPTB, totalling 52% with any EPTB (PTB + EPTB or EPTB). In HIV+/DM- patients with TB (n = 35), 6% had PTB, 40% had PTB + EPTB and 54% had EPTB, accounting for 94% with EPTB. In HIV-/DM+ patients with TB (n = 61), 61% had PTB, 28% had PTB + EPTB and 11% had EPTB, representing 39% with EPTB.CONCLUSION: Refined case definitions revealed high proportions of EPTB even without HIV or DM. HIV further altered the TB disease pattern towards EPTB and DM towards PTB. Therefore, the dichotomy between PTB or EPTB does not represent the actual spectrum of TB disease. EPTB should receive higher priority in research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S F Weber
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Division for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L C Ruby
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Heller
- Lighthouse Clinic Lilongwe, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Mzimba, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - M Hande
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - B A Shastry
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - R V Acharya
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - S Shankar
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - M Prabhu
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - A K Mohapatra
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - R Magazine
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - R Kadavigere
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - C M Denkinger
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Division for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany, German Center of Infection Research, Partner Site Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Gehring
- University Clinics Mainz, Department of Paediatrics, Mainz, Germany
| | - S Bélard
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Saravu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India, Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aziz IM, Bhat R, Farrag MA, Almajhdi FN. ONCOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF HUMAN ORTHOPNEUMOVIRUS IN CANCER CELL LINES. Exp Oncol 2022; 44:113-120. [PMID: 35964639 DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-2.18084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging biotherapeutic platform for selectively infecting cancer cells and triggering apoptosis in a number of malignant cells due to robust viral replication. Studies related to the oncolytic activity of human orthopneumovirus (hOPV) are conflicting. AIM This study was designed to elucidate the possible role of hOPV in the modulation of cell growth and apoptosis in cancer cell lines including human epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2), lung epithelial cell line (A549), and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). MATERIALS AND METHODS The oncolytic activity of hOPV on cancer cells was studied in vitro. The virus titers were determined by tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50/mL) in A549 cell. The cytotoxic effect of the virus on HEp-2, A549, and MCF-7 was determined using MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion test assays. hOPV in the infected cells was detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assays. The relative expression of apoptosis-related genes (CASP-3, -8, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, TP53, P21) during virus infection was estimated using rRT-PCR assay in comparison with the house-keeping gene (GAPDH). RESULTS hOPV infection inhibited the growth of HEp-2, A549, and MCF-7 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. At a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5, hOPV reduced the viability of A549 cells to about 16%, HEp-2 to 22%, and MCF-7 to 28% (p = 0.001), while no significant inhibitory effect was observed when cells were infected at MOI of 1 and 2. hOPV mRNA and antigens were detected in infected HEp-2, A549, and MCF-7 cells by RT-PCR and IIF. Upon hOPV infection, expression of CASP-3, -8, -9, as well as Bax, TP53, and p21 mRNA increased while expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic genes decreased. In hOPV-infected A549 cells, the fold increase of CASP-8 and CASP-9, Bax, TP53, and P21 expression exceeded significantly compared to that in HEp-2 or MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that hOPV could be a potential candidate for oncolytic virotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M Aziz
- College of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| | - R Bhat
- College of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M A Farrag
- College of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| | - F N Almajhdi
- College of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bauman M, Hellinger A, Pluym CV, Bhat R, Simpson E, Mehegan M, Knox P, Massicotte M. Online KidClot education for patients and families initiating warfarin therapy: The eKITE study. Thromb Res 2022; 215:14-18. [PMID: 35594736 PMCID: PMC9755220 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Anticoagulation with Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) has always posed challenges in terms of monitoring requirements. These challenges were further exacerbated in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic, with limited access to and/or avoidance of laboratory testing. The importance of utilizing point of care (POC) health technology for individualized patient management is salient. The foundation of effective home INR monitoring is establishing patient knowledge about their therapy and INR testing proficiency. The eKITE series was developed to support patients in establishing foundational knowledge required for VKA (warfarin) management and INR monitoring. The primary objectives were to evaluate eKITE, a patient-oriented innovative online education program for warfarin therapy, participant learning stress, and patient preference for online learning. This multi-center prospective study provided patients access to warfarin online education. Participants were required to complete written quizzes assessing warfarin knowledge of key concepts proficiency and identifying knowledge deficits. Patient preference, evaluating calm (lack of anxiety) while learning, and an INR on a home meter was completed. Participants performed INR tests at home and reported INRs by telephone. The analysis included 144 children and caregivers enrolled at five US and CDN sites. Most indications for anticoagulation were cardiac (congenital or acquired heart disease) with varied INR target ranges. Mean knowledge scores for warfarin and INR self-testing modules were 97%, with low anxiety with TTR of 84%. Patient preferred online learning. eKITE is an effective teaching modality for warfarin/home INR monitoring with safe INR testing and warfarin management that is appropriate for pediatrics and adults alike. PROLOGUE: The whir in the hallways is deafening. Lights bright, alarms are ringing in a chorus of unsynchronized beeps and screeches. It has been more than a week since I have slept. Snuggled beside me is my precious child, whining and equally irritated with the asynchronous symphony, further compounded by anxiety, procedures, and pain. The sun has broken. The staff smiles are welcoming and incessant, as one after one, they approach hurried, urgent, assiduous, their need to coach me for our upcoming departure to the warmth of home. Each provides essential information that I will require to keep my child, my treasure, safe and healthy. Yet, my eyes are heavy, blurred, and my brain foggy, trapped in a dark heavy cloud. How am I to follow? Comprehend? and retain anything? As they instruct, my precious child yearns for loving arms, compassion and love, whining, crying in disquiet. Overwhelmed does not adequately describe my ineffable exhaustion. Amidst this, how am I to learn about warfarin? Such a challenging medication, with so much to know. Concentrate, I tell myself, focus; now is my only opportunity to learn. I must be alert. It seems to be nonsensical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M.E. Bauman
- Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,Corresponding author at: KidClot Pediatric Thrombosis Program, University of Alberta, Stollery Children's Hospital, 3-585 ECHA, 11405-87 Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada
| | | | | | - R. Bhat
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - E. Simpson
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, ON, Canada
| | | | - P. Knox
- Alberta Children's Hospital, Canada
| | - M.P. Massicotte
- Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sahu AK, Mathew R, Bhat R, Malhotra C, Nayer J, Aggarwal P, Galwankar S. Steroids use in non-oxygen requiring COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. QJM 2021; 114:455-463. [PMID: 34347106 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corticosteroids have become the mainstay treatment in severe COVID-19. However, its role is mild disease is controversial due to lack of robust scientific evidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess effect of steroids in mild COVID-19 patients. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and medRxiv were searched from 31 December 2019 to 14 May 2021 for studies that reported effectiveness of steroids in non-oxygen requiring COVID-19 patients in terms of progressing to severe disease, mortality, duration of fever, duration of viral clearance and length of hospital stay (LOHS). Studies on inhalational steroids, case reports and reviews were excluded. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed by the Cochrane's ROB tool and ROBANS tool. Quantitative data synthesis was done using the generic inverse variance method. RESULTS A total of 6411 studies were identified, 2990 articles were screened after exclusion. Seven studies which fit the criteria (involving 2214 non-oxygen requiring COVID-19 patients) were included and analysed. Overall odds of progression to severe disease among the non-oxygen requiring COVID-19 patients receiving steroids was 5.97 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-27.99, I2 = 0%] and odds of death (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01-1.79; I2 = 0%) as compared to the patients not receiving steroids. Mean duration of fever (7.4 days), duration to viral clearance (18.9 days) and LOHS (20.8 days) were significantly higher in the steroid arm, as compared to that in no-steroid arm (6.7, 16.5 and 15.2 days, respectively). CONCLUSION Steroids in non-oxygen requiring COVID-19 patients can be more detrimental than beneficial. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION The study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD 42021254951).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Sahu
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110049, India
| | - R Mathew
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110049, India
| | - R Bhat
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110049, India
| | - C Malhotra
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110049, India
| | - J Nayer
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110049, India
| | - P Aggarwal
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110049, India
| | - S Galwankar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Florida State University, Florida 34230, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ramaswami A, Sahu AK, Kumar A, Suresh S, Nair A, Gupta D, Chouhan R, Bhat R, Mathew R, Majeed JA, Aggarwal P, Nayer J, Ekka M, Thakar A, Singh G, Xess I, Wig N. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis presenting to the Emergency Department-an observational study of 70 patients. QJM 2021; 114:464-470. [PMID: 34254132 PMCID: PMC8420631 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucormycosis (MM) is a deadly opportunistic fungal infection and a large surge in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is occurring in India. AIM Our aim was to delineate the clinico-epidemiological profile and identify risk factors of CAM patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED). DESIGN This was a retrospective, single-centre, observational study. METHODS We included patients who presented with clinical features or diagnosed MM and who were previously treated for COVID-19 in last 3 months of presentation (recent COVID-19) or currently being treated for COVID-19 (active COVID-19). Information regarding clinical features of CAM, possible risk factors, examination findings, diagnostic workup including imaging and treatment details were collected. RESULTS Seventy CAM patients (median age: 44.5 years, 60% males) with active (75.7%) or recent COVID-19 (24.3%) who presented to the ED in between 6 May 2021 and 1 June 2021, were included. A median duration of 20 days (interquartile range: 13.5-25) was present between the onset of COVID-19 symptoms and the onset of CAM symptoms. Ninety-three percent patients had at least one risk factor. Most common risk factors were diabetes mellitus (70%) and steroid use for COVID-19 disease (70%). After clinical, microbiological and radiological workup, final diagnosis of rhino-orbital CAM was made in most patients (68.6%). Systemic antifungals were started in the ED and urgent surgical debridement was planned. CONCLUSION COVID-19 infection along with its medical management have increased patient susceptibility to MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ramaswami
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - A K Sahu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - S Suresh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - A Nair
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - D Gupta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - R Chouhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - R Mathew
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - J A Majeed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - P Aggarwal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - J Nayer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - M Ekka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - A Thakar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - G Singh
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - I Xess
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - N Wig
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bradley NA, Orawiec P, Bhat R, Pal S, Suttie SA, Flett MM, Guthrie GJK. Mid-term follow-up of percutaneous access for standard and complex EVAR using the ProGlide device. Surgeon 2021; 20:142-150. [PMID: 33958298 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endovascular Aneurysm Repair is an established treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm which requires arterial access via the groin. Most centres perform percutaneous ultrasound-guided access into the common femoral artery for delivery of the stent graft. The profile of endovascular devices necessitates large sheath sizes, therefore formal closure of the arterial puncture site is required. Various percutaneous devices are available, with data lacking on efficacy and mid-term safety profile. We present outcomes from a single centre with the Perclose ProGlide™ (Abbott Vascular Devices, CA, USA) suture-mediated system, using the well described "pre-close" technique. MATERIALS & METHODS Data were collected from operative records and electronic medical records. Patients undergoing standard (EVAR) or complex (F/B-EVAR) aneurysm repair between March 2015 and September 2019 were included. Complications were recorded per-patient and per-groin procedure. RESULTS 266 patients were included; 182 (68.4%) standard infrarenal EVAR, 84 (31.6%) F/B-EVAR. There were a total of 484 groin procedures performed. Intraoperative Perclose ProGlide™ success was 98.1% (per patient) or 99.0% (per groin procedure). 30-day groin complication rate was 6.1% (per patient) or 3.1% (per groin procedure). There were no pre- or peri-operative factors which predicted the occurrence of groin complications. The rate of groin complications was not related to sheath size. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the use of percutaneous access with a pre-close technique for a variety of endovascular aneurysm repair procedures with both large- and small-bore access. The Perclose ProGlide™ system provides excellent mid-term complication-free and reintervention-free outcomes for groin procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Bradley
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK.
| | - P Orawiec
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - S Pal
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - S A Suttie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - M M Flett
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - G J K Guthrie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pramanik D, Jolly MK, Bhat R. Matrix adhesion and remodeling diversifies modes of cancer invasion across spatial scales. J Theor Biol 2021; 524:110733. [PMID: 33933478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The metastasis of malignant epithelial tumors begins with the egress of transformed cells from the confines of their basement membrane (BM) to their surrounding collagen-rich stroma. Invasion can be morphologically diverse: when breast cancer cells are separately cultured within BM-like matrix, collagen I (Coll I), or a combination of both, they exhibit collective-, dispersed mesenchymal-, and a mixed collective-dispersed (multimodal)- invasion, respectively. In this paper, we asked how distinct these invasive modes are with respect to the cellular and microenvironmental cues that drive them. A rigorous computational exploration of invasion was performed within an experimentally motivated Cellular Potts-based modeling environment. The model comprised of adhesive interactions between cancer cells, BM- and Coll I-like extracellular matrix (ECM), and reaction-diffusion-based remodeling of ECM. The model outputs were parameters cognate to dispersed- and collective- invasion. A clustering analysis of the output distribution curated through a careful examination of subsumed phenotypes suggested at least four distinct invasive states: dispersed, papillary-collective, bulk-collective, and multimodal, in addition to an indolent/non-invasive state. Mapping input values to specific output clusters suggested that each of these invasive states are specified by distinct input signatures of proliferation, adhesion and ECM remodeling. In addition, specific input perturbations allowed transitions between the clusters and revealed the variation in the robustness between the invasive states. Our systems-level approach proffers quantitative insights into how the diversity in ECM microenvironments may steer invasion into diverse phenotypic modes during early dissemination of breast cancer and contributes to tumor heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Pramanik
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - M K Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bhat R. Disease risk estimation and cluster detection of the Kyasanur Forest Disease in the Western Ghats, India. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
13
|
Goonasekera CD, Skelton VA, Zebian B, Nicolaides K, Araujo Lapa D, Santorum-Perez M, Bleil C, Hickey A, Bhat R, Oliva Gatto BE. Peri-operative management of percutaneous fetoscopic spina-bifida repair: a descriptive review of five cases from the United Kingdom, with focus on anaesthetic implications. Int J Obstet Anesth 2020; 43:97-105. [PMID: 32386991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present a case-based review of the first five percutaneous fetoscopic in-utero spina bifida repair procedures undertaken in the UK. Our focus is on implications of anaesthesia and analgesia for the mother and fetus, provision of uterine relaxation and fetal immobilisation while providing conditions conducive to surgical access. Minimising risks for fetal acidosis, placental and fetal hypoperfusion, maternal and fetal sepsis and maternal fluid overload were the foremost priorities. We discuss optimisation strategies undertaken to ensure fetal and maternal well-being under anaesthesia, shortcomings in the current approach, and possible directions for improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C D Goonasekera
- Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
| | - V A Skelton
- Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - B Zebian
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Nicolaides
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Araujo Lapa
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Santorum-Perez
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Bleil
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Hickey
- Department of Neonatology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Neonatology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - B E Oliva Gatto
- Department of Anaesthesia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Simões R, Miles E, Yang H, Le Grange F, Bhat R, Forsyth S, Seddon B. IMRiS phase II study of IMRT in limb sarcomas: Results of the pre-trial QA facility questionnaire and workshop. Radiography (Lond) 2020; 26:71-75. [PMID: 31902458 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities (STSE) are rare malignancies. We report current UK practice for immobilisation of soft tissue sarcoma of STSE, as part of the initial study set-up within the IMRiS trial, a phase II study of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in primary bone and soft tissue sarcoma. METHODS A facility questionnaire (FQ) was circulated to 29 IMRiS centres investigating the variation in immobilisation devices, planning techniques, and imaging protocols. A workshop was held to address concerns raised by centres. It focused on STSE immobilisation and patient set-up. Robustness of patient set-up at each centre was evaluated based on the following criteria: evidence of local set-up audit, calculation of margins based on set-up audit results, imaging frequency, and number of patients treated per centre per annum. RESULTS Twenty-seven (93%) questionnaires were returned. 30% (8/27) of responders routinely treated STSE with IMRT. The remaining 70% (19/27) had little or no experience with IMRT for STSE. Vacuum bags were the most frequent immobilisation device (9/27), followed by thermoplastic shells (7/27). Nine centres had audited their local set-up; however, only 4 had calculated margins in response to the results. Ten centres were classified as having high level of robustness. CONCLUSIONS Immobilisation devices and planning techniques for STSE are inconsistent across centres. Robustness of set-up is an important tool to ensure quality of results in a multicentre trial setting with such different levels of experience. The IMRiS trial Quality Assurance programme encourages centres to assess robustness of set-up through local audit and subsequent calculation of treatment margins. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This is the first study that used robustness criteria to tailor QA support to individual centres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Simões
- National Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance Group, Mount Vernon Hospital, London, UK.
| | - E Miles
- National Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance Group, Mount Vernon Hospital, London, UK
| | - H Yang
- National Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance Group, Mount Vernon Hospital, London, UK
| | - F Le Grange
- University College of London Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Bhat
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, UK
| | - S Forsyth
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, UK
| | - B Seddon
- University College of London Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bhat R, Vidyasagar D, Fisher E, Hastreiter A, Ramirez J, Burns L, Evans M. Pharmacokinetics of Oral and Intravenous Indomethacin in
Preterm Infants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1159/000455528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Bhat R, Qin L, De Angelis C, Sahay D, Bhargava D, Creighton C, Yadav P, Yazdanfard S, Alrawi A, Yadav V, Vasaikar S, Nanda S, Sethunath V, Fu X, Zhang B, Narkar V, Schiff R, Trivedi M. Abstract P6-20-10: Role of GPR110 in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-20-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Our long-term goal is to discover adhesion GPCR targets in breast cancer. Our previous studies have found GPR110 to be overexpressed in tumorigenic cell population as well as in anti-HER2 drug-resistant derivatives of HER2+ breast cancer cells. In subsequent studies, we found that GPR110 knockdown inhibited anchorage-independent cell growth, mammosphere formation, and invasion/migration of HER2+ breast cancer cells. Conversely, overexpression of GPR110 by lentiviral delivery of cDNA enhanced anchorage-independent cell growth, mammosphere formation, and invasion/migration in HER2+ breast cancer cells. In addition, GPR110 overexpression led to increase in the % of Aldefluor-positive tumorigenic cell population, further emphasizing the role of GPR110 as a mediator of tumorigenesis in addition to the metastatic processes in HER2+ breast cancer. Among various subtypes of breast cancer, GPR110 expression was higher in HER2+ and basal subtypes, most of which are triple-negative (negative for ER, PR, and HER2), compared to luminal A and B subtypes. GPR110 was either gene amplified or upregulated in 4% of all breast cancers based on the publicly available TCGA dataset. GPR110 overexpression predicted poorer recurrence-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer. Furthermore, GPR110 was overexpressed in brain metastatic lesions compared to mammary tumors in patient-derived xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer (WHIM2 and WHIM30). Knocking down GPR110 reduced anchorage-dependent and -independent cell growth, mammosphere formation, and invasion/migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Overall, our results suggest that GPR110 may be a potential drug target in HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer. Drug discovery efforts to identify GPR110 antagonists will provide useful pharmacological tools for validating GPR110 as a drug target in breast cancer. Since GPR110 is also overexpressed in various other types of cancer, understanding the mechanism of GPR110 upregulation and signaling in cancer is an important future direction.
This work was supported by the Department of Defense Grants W81XWH-14-1-0340 and W81XWH-14-1-0341 to Drs. Trivedi and Schiff, respectively.
Citation Format: Bhat R, Qin L, De Angelis C, Sahay D, Bhargava D, Creighton C, Yadav P, Yazdanfard S, Alrawi A, Yadav V, Vasaikar S, Nanda S, Sethunath V, Fu X, Zhang B, Narkar V, Schiff R, Trivedi M. Role of GPR110 in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-20-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhat
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - L Qin
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - C De Angelis
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - D Sahay
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - D Bhargava
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - C Creighton
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - P Yadav
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - S Yazdanfard
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - A Alrawi
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - V Yadav
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - S Vasaikar
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - S Nanda
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - V Sethunath
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - X Fu
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - B Zhang
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - V Narkar
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - R Schiff
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - M Trivedi
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; University of Texas MCGovern Medical School, Houston
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fernandes S, Singh A, Bhat R, Shetty P. A cadaveric study of fibular (peroneal) artery continuing as dorsalis pedis artery associated with hypoplastic anterior tibial artery and its developmental basis. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
18
|
Teckie S, Marziliano A, DeCoster C, Mulvany C, Bhat R, Diefenbach M. A Mixed Methods Evaluation of Symptom Burden and Quality of Life After Curative Head and Neck Cancer Treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
19
|
Ananthakrishnan G, Bhat R, Severn A, Chakraverty S. Stent Graft Exclusion of Pseudo-Aneurysm Arising from PTFE Hemodialysis Graft after Recurrence following Ultrasound Guided Thrombin Injection. J Vasc Access 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/112972980800900412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are various non-invasive or minimally invasive techniques for management of pseudoaneurysms including ultrasound guided compression, ultrasound guided thrombin injection and covered stent placement. We report a case where a covered stent graft was successfully used for the treatment of a pseudoaneurysm directly arising from a PTFE graft which recurred 3 months following treatment with ultrasound guided thrombin injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Ananthakrishnan
- Department of Radiology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee - Scotland
| | - R. Bhat
- Department of Radiology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee - Scotland
| | - A. Severn
- Department of Nephrology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee - Scotland
| | - S. Chakraverty
- Department of Radiology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee - Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bhat R, García I, Aznar E, Arnaiz B, Martínez-Bisbal MC, Liz-Marzán LM, Penadés S, Martínez-Máñez R. Lectin-gated and glycan functionalized mesoporous silica nanocontainers for targeting cancer cells overexpressing Lewis X antigen. Nanoscale 2017; 10:239-249. [PMID: 29210428 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06415b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles can deliver payload upon the application of a predefined stimulus, and therefore are promising drug delivery systems. Despite their important role, relatively low emphasis has been placed on the design of gating systems that actively target carbohydrate tumor cell membrane receptors. We describe herein a new Lewis X (Lex) antigen-targeted delivery system comprising mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with ATTO 430LS dye, functionalized with a Lex derivative (1) and capped with a fucose-specific carbohydrate-binding protein (Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL)). This design takes advantage of the affinity of AAL for Lex overexpressed receptors in certain cancer cells. In the proximity of the cells, AAL is detached from MSNs to bind Lex, and selectins in the cells bind Lex in the gated MSNs, thereby inducing cargo delivery. Gated MSNs are nontoxic to colon cancer DLD-1 cells, and ATTO 430LS dye delivered correlated with the amount of Lex antigen overexpressed at the DLD-1 cell surface. This is one of the few examples of MSNs using biologically relevant glycans for both capping (via interaction with AAL) and targeting (via interaction with overexpressed Lex at the cell membrane).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhat
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Watson J, Bhat R, Izzo J, Blumenthal J, Hoffman D, Descallar E, Houser C, Booker E. 325 Telemedicine Model of Physician Intake Decreases Door-to-Provider Time. Ann Emerg Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Suresh S, Shenoy M, Bhat R, B V, DN B, JV M, KM S, Pawar D. 045 A comparative study of safety and efficacy of tacrolimus topical ointment (biocon’s formulation) versus protopic® topical ointment (astellas pharma) in children and adults with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Izzo J, Bhat R, Blumenthal J, Hoffman D, Watson J, Booker E. 323 Diagnostic Accuracy of a Rapid Telemedicine Encounter in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Abstract
Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was employed to detect free radicals in raw Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) seeds after electron beam irradiation (Microtron source: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 and 30 kGy) and conventional processing (roasting, powdering and cooking). The ESR signal of irradiated seeds (g=2.0055±0.0001) was more prominent in the seed coat than cotyledon. Seed coat of irradiated samples showed dose-dependent linear increase of this signal (g = 2.0055) accompanied by a weak triplet (satellite peak; aH = 3 mT) produced exclusively by radiolysis and could be used as an indication of successful irradiation. Irradiated cotyledon portion devoid of satellite peak (triplet) showed a linear increase in signal intensity up to 10 kGy with a sharp decline at higher doses (15 and 30kGy). Stability of radiation-induced ESR signals after 6 months of storage (25 ± 1°C) revealed the presence of a weak triplet with a substantial loss of signal intensity. Thermal effects such as roasting and powdering of seeds increased the signal intensity (g = 2.0055) similar to or in greater proportion than irradiation. Phenolics in seeds, which contribute significantly to detect free radicals in vegetative parts of a plant showed a waning trend in seed coat, while it was vice versa in cotyledon. Textural studies revealed significant loss in firmness after irradiation (p<0.05), which might favour in minimising the cooking time. Results of the present study might help to divulge the beneficial effects of application of electron beam irradiation technology as a better alternative to fumigants in seed preservation for safety and quarantine purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Bhat
- Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University Mangalagangotri Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India
| | - K.R. Sridhar
- Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University Mangalagangotri Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bhat R, Shetty S, Kamath S, Rao RP. Abstract PR228. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492626.91260.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
26
|
Patil AR, Nandikoor S, De Marco J, Bhat R, Shivakumar S, Mallrajapatna G. Disorders of the lymphatic system of the abdomen. Clin Radiol 2016; 71:941-952. [PMID: 27450410 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system of the abdomen comprises of the cisterna chyli, its major and minor lymphatic tributaries, and lymph nodes. Disorders of the lymphatic system of the abdomen are rarely encountered and consist of primary and secondary types. Abdominal lymphangiomas constitute the majority and have characteristic imaging features. Complicated lymphangiomas may pose a diagnostic dilemma. Generalised systemic lymphangiomatosis is a rare condition and affects major organs with a poor prognosis. Retroperitoneal lymphangiectasia in the appropriate setting might predict underlying infection, such as filariasis. Other acquired conditions include iatrogenic or treatment-induced chylocoele. Chylous ascites can be secondary to multiple causes and can be confirmed by biochemical testing and lymphangiogram in appropriate settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Patil
- Departments of Radiology, Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, India.
| | - S Nandikoor
- Departments of Radiology, Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, India
| | - J De Marco
- Department of Radiology, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA
| | - R Bhat
- Surgical Gastroenterology, Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, India
| | - S Shivakumar
- Pathology, Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, India
| | - G Mallrajapatna
- Departments of Radiology, Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bhat R, Pai S. Immature platelet fraction: a significant platelet parameter in asymptomatic constitutional macrothrombocytopenia. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:e45-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Bhat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Manipal Hospital; Bengaluru India
| | - S. Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Manipal Hospital; Bengaluru India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bhat R, Udupa E, Anushree U, Sheik S, Nayak B. Evaluation of Protein Thiols and Liver Glycogen Content on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Aqueous Extract of Bixa orellana Leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.9734/ijbcrr/2016/28222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
29
|
Vankalakunti M, Rao V, Dharmanand B, Bhat R, Guptha V, Rani S, Umesh L, Nalloor S, Kiran J, Bipin M, Rampure S, Babu K, Bonu R, Ballal S. AB0534 Podocytic Abnormalities in SLE – Parallel Mechanism Affecting Kidney. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
30
|
Sun XL, Tsai PC, Bhat R, Bonder EM, Michniak-Kohn B, Pietrangelo A. Thermoresponsive block copolymer micelles with tunable pyrrolidone-based polymer cores: structure/property correlations and application as drug carriers. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:814-823. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01494d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Residue structure affects the physicochemical properties, drug loading efficiency, and thermoresponsive drug release profiles of block copolymer micelles with pyrrolidone-based polymer cores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X.-L. Sun
- Department
- of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - P.-C. Tsai
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway
- USA
| | - R. Bhat
- Department
- of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - E. M. Bonder
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - B. Michniak-Kohn
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway
- USA
| | - A. Pietrangelo
- Department
- of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bhat R, Patel H, Tsai PC, Sun XL, Daoud D, Lalancette RA, Michniak-Kohn B, Pietrangelo A. Effect of residue structure on the thermal and thermoresponsive properties of γ-substituted poly(N-acryloyl-2-pyrrolidones). Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00649j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the results of an investigation into the structure/property correlations of γ-substituted poly(N-acryloyl-2-pyrrolidone)s, a recently reported class of pyrrolidone-based polymers prepared from pyroglutamic acid, a bio-derived resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Bhat
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - H. Patel
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - P.-C. Tsai
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway
- USA
| | - X.-L. Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - D. Daoud
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | | | - B. Michniak-Kohn
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway
- USA
| | - A. Pietrangelo
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cross R, Bhat R, Maloy K, Li Y, Plankey M. 132 Computed Tomography Utilization for Non-Traumatic Abdominal Pain in the Emergency Department Shows Minimal Variability. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
33
|
Nadarasa K, Bailey M, Chahal H, Raja O, Bhat R, Gayle C, Grossman AB, Druce MR. The use of cinacalcet in pregnancy to treat a complex case of parathyroid carcinoma. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2014; 2014:140056. [PMID: 25298882 PMCID: PMC4174590 DOI: 10.1530/edm-14-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a patient with metastatic parathyroid carcinoma whose hypercalcaemia was medically managed through two pregnancies. The diagnosis was made when the patient presented with chronic knee pain and radiological findings consistent with a brown tumour, at the age of 30. Her corrected calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were significantly elevated. Following localisation studies, a right parathyroidectomy was performed with histology revealing parathyroid carcinoma, adherent to thyroid tissue. Aged 33, following biochemical recurrence of disease, the patient underwent a second operation. A subsequent CT and FDG–PET revealed bibasal pulmonary metastases. Aged 35, the patient was referred to our unit for treatment of persistent hypercalcaemia. The focus of treatment at this time was debulking metastatic disease using radiofrequency ablation. Despite advice to the contrary, the patient conceived twice while taking cinacalcet. Even though there are limited available data regarding the use of cinacalcet in pregnancy, both pregnancies continued to term with the delivery of healthy infants, using intensive medical management for persistent hypercalcaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Nadarasa
- Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital , London , UK
| | - M Bailey
- Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital , London , UK
| | - H Chahal
- Imperial Centre for Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust , London , UK
| | - O Raja
- Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital , London , UK
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Neonatology, King's College Hospital , London , UK
| | - C Gayle
- Department of Diabetes, King's College Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - A B Grossman
- Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital , London , UK
| | - M R Druce
- Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Defour A, Van der Meulen JH, Bhat R, Bigot A, Bashir R, Nagaraju K, Jaiswal JK. Dysferlin regulates cell membrane repair by facilitating injury-triggered acid sphingomyelinase secretion. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1306. [PMID: 24967968 PMCID: PMC4079937 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dysferlin deficiency compromises the repair of injured muscle, but the underlying cellular mechanism remains elusive. To study this phenomenon, we have developed mouse and human myoblast models for dysferlinopathy. These dysferlinopathic myoblasts undergo normal differentiation but have a deficit in their ability to repair focal injury to their cell membrane. Imaging cells undergoing repair showed that dysferlin-deficit decreased the number of lysosomes present at the cell membrane, resulting in a delay and reduction in injury-triggered lysosomal exocytosis. We find repair of injured cells does not involve formation of intracellular membrane patch through lysosome-lysosome fusion; instead, individual lysosomes fuse with the injured cell membrane, releasing acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). ASM secretion was reduced in injured dysferlinopathic cells, and acute treatment with sphingomyelinase restored the repair ability of dysferlinopathic myoblasts and myofibers. Our results provide the mechanism for dysferlin-mediated repair of skeletal muscle sarcolemma and identify ASM as a potential therapy for dysferlinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Defour
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J H Van der Meulen
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - R Bhat
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Bigot
- Institut de Myologie, UM76 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, U974 INSERM, UMR7215 CNRS, GH Pitié-Salpétrière, 47 bd de l'Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - R Bashir
- School of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham, UK
| | - K Nagaraju
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Glimm T, Bhat R, Newman SA. Modeling the morphodynamic galectin patterning network of the developing avian limb skeleton. J Theor Biol 2013; 346:86-108. [PMID: 24355216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a mathematical model for the morphogenesis and patterning of the mesenchymal condensations that serve as primordia of the avian limb skeleton. The model is based on the experimentally established dynamics of a multiscale regulatory network consisting of two glycan-binding proteins expressed early in limb development: CG (chicken galectin)-1A, CG-8 and their counterreceptors that determine the formation, size, number and spacing of the "protocondensations" that give rise to the condensations and subsequently the cartilaginous elements that serve as the templates of the bones. The model, a system of partial differential and integro-differential equations containing a flux term to represent local adhesion gradients, is simulated in a "full" and a "reduced" form to confirm that the system has pattern-forming capabilities and to explore the nature of the patterning instability. The full model recapitulates qualitatively and quantitatively the experimental results of network perturbation and leads to new predictions, which are verified by further experimentation. The reduced model is used to demonstrate that the patterning process is inherently morphodynamic, with cell motility being intrinsic to it. Furthermore, subtle relationships between cell movement and the positive and negative interactions between the morphogens produce regular patterns without the requirement for activators and inhibitors with widely separated diffusion coefficients. The described mechanism thus represents an extension of the category of activator-inhibitor processes capable of generating biological patterns with repetitive elements beyond the morphostatic mechanisms of the Turing/Gierer-Meinhardt type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Glimm
- Department of Mathematics, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98229, USA.
| | - R Bhat
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - S A Newman
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, Basic Sciences Building, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Trivedi MV, Bhat R, Yadav V, Yadav P, Al-Rawi A, Christiny P, Nanda S, Giuliano M, Creighton C, Osborne CK, Narkar VA, Schiff R. Abstract P6-04-05: GPR110 overexpression increases tumorigenic potential of HER2+ breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p6-04-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-overexpressing (HER2+) breast cancer is an aggressive tumor. Despite the clinical success of anti-HER2 drugs such as lapatinib (L) and trastuzumab (T), intrinsic and acquired drug resistance occurs in many patients. Identification of novel drug targets in HER2+ breast cancer is an unmet clinical need. In this context, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) may be excellent drug targets because they cross-talk with the HER family members. However, the expression and function of the majority of GPCRs are unknown in HER2+ breast cancer. In a preliminary study, we examined the differential gene expression of GPCRs in anti-HER2 treatment-resistant derivatives as well as in the tumorigenic cell population, suggested to be involved in resistance, of a BT474 cell line model of HER2+ breast cancer. Anti-HER2 resistant derivatives of BT474 cells were established by long-term exposure of parental cells to increasing concentrations of L, T, or their combination (L+T). Tumorigenic cells were identified as aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive (ALDH+) cells using the Aldefluor assay. RNA was profiled using TaqMan real time RT-PCR GPCR 384-well microarray to quantify the expression of mRNA encoding 343 GPCRs. The publically available TCGA dataset was interrogated to determine differential mRNA expression of selected GPCRs in HER2+ and other subtypes of breast cancer. To determine the functional role of GPR110, BT474 cells were infected with lentiviral GPR110 construct (GPR110-OE) or empty vector (EV), and stable pools were obtained. Anchorage-dependent cell growth was evaluated using MTT cell proliferation assay over 8 days. Tumorigenic potential was determined by calculating the% of ALDH+ cells using Aldefluor assay and by evaluating the anchorage-independent cell growth using soft agar assay over 14 days. The influence of GPR110 overexpression on HER signaling pathway was investigated by measuring the levels of phosphorylated (active) and total protein levels of HER1 and HER2 using immunoblotting. GPR110 was the only GPCR overexpressed in resistant derivatives versus parental cells as well as in ALDH+ versus ALDH- cells of BT474 cells. In TCGA dataset, GPR110 expression was significantly higher in HER2+ and basal subtypes of breast cancer compared to ER+ luminal A and B subtypes. Overexpression of GPR110 in BT474 cells (9-fold in GPR110-OE vs. EV cells) resulted in a marked 5-fold increase in the number of colonies when grown in soft agar compared to EV cells even though anchorage-dependent cell growth was not significantly different between EV and GPR110-OE cells. In addition, GPR110-OE cells had a significantly higher% of ALDH+ population compared to EV cells. Phosphorylated (but not total) HER1 and HER2 protein levels were significantly higher in GPR110-OE cells compared to EV cells, suggesting hyperactive HER signaling with GPR110 overexpression. Experiments with L and T treatment will reveal the role of GPR110 in drug efficacy and acquired resistance. In summary, we show for the first time a pro-tumorigenic role of GPR110 in HER2+ breast cancer. Therefore, GPR110 may be a novel pharmacological target in HER2+ breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-04-05.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MV Trivedi
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - R Bhat
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - V Yadav
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - P Yadav
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - A Al-Rawi
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - P Christiny
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - S Nanda
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - M Giuliano
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - C Creighton
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - CK Osborne
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - VA Narkar
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - R Schiff
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX; Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bhat R, Garg M, Omron R, Takenaka K, Park Y, Lane D. Predictors of Success in Emergency Medicine Training. Ann Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Wahidu Zzaman
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 11800 Pulau Pinang Malaysia
- Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology; Shahjalal University of Science and Technology; Sylhet Bangladesh
| | - R. Bhat
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 11800 Pulau Pinang Malaysia
| | - Tajul A. Yang
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 11800 Pulau Pinang Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Bone metastases are a common feature of many cancers and patients with a previous history of cancer may present with bony symptoms to many different specialties. It is, however, easy to mistakenly diagnose secondary bone cancer in patients who have abnormal imaging, when the cause of the symptoms and the abnormal imaging results is benign disease. In this review, common diagnostic mistakes are described with examples of imaging of both benign and malignant bony disease. The relative risk of developing bone metastases in different cancers is discussed, as well as the rationale of different therapies for proven bony metastases, such as radiotherapy, bisphosphonate therapy, orthopaedic intervention and vertebroplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T B Oliver
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kiang WS, Bhat R, Rosma A, Cheng LH. Effects of thermosonication on the fate of Escherichia coli
O157:H7 and Salmonella
Enteritidis in mango juice. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 56:251-7. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W.-S. Kiang
- Food Technology Division; School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Minden, Penang Malaysia
| | - R. Bhat
- Food Technology Division; School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Minden, Penang Malaysia
| | - A. Rosma
- Bioprocess Technology Division; School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Minden, Penang Malaysia
| | - L.-H. Cheng
- Food Technology Division; School of Industrial Technology; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Minden, Penang Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Subramanayam K, Babu B, Bhat R, Reddy S. Elective use of intra-aortic balloon pumping during Whipple's procedure in a patient with ischaemic heart disease. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2013.10872897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - B Babu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology
| | - S Reddy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Velmourougane K, Bhat R, Gopinandhan TN. Composting coffee wastes, a potential source of ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A contamination. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2012. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2012.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) has been extensively documented as a global contaminant of a wide variety of food commodities including the green coffee bean, but there is no clear information available on the spread of Aspergillus ochraceus in the coffee production chain. In this study, the growth of A. ochraceus and the fate of OTA during composting of solid coffee wastes, i.e. pulp and husk, were investigated. A trial was set up with pulp and husk alone or in combination, naturally and artificially contaminated with A. ochraceus. OTA was detected at levels up to 2.6 and 6.2 ng/g in naturally and artificially contaminated pulp, respectively. At the end of the composting process, 8.4 and 14.2 ng OTA per g were measured in naturally and artificially contaminated husk, respectively. Throughout the composting process, A. ochraceus counts did not show any clear increasing or decreasing trend.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Velmourougane
- Post Harvest Technology Lab, Coffee Research Sub Station, Coffee Board, Chettalli 571248, Coorg District, Karnataka, India
- Crop Production Division, Central Institute for Cotton Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, PB. No-2 Shankar nagar post, Nagpur 440010, Maharashtra, India
| | - R. Bhat
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains, Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - T. N. Gopinandhan
- Coffee Research Sub Station, Coffee Board, Chettalli-571 248, Coorg District, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sanati Nezhad A, Ghanbari M, Agudelo CG, Packirisamy M, Bhat R. A new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microcantilever with integrated optical waveguide for biosensing application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
44
|
Bhat R, Maloy K, Dubin J. 116 Impact of Learners on Emergency Medicine Attending Physician Productivity. Ann Emerg Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
45
|
Krishnan P, Bhat R, Kush A, Ravikumar P. Isolation and functional characterization of bacterial endophytes from Carica papaya fruits. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:308-17. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Krishnan
- Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation; Bangalore; India
| | - R. Bhat
- Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation; Bangalore; India
| | - A. Kush
- Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation; Bangalore; India
| | - P. Ravikumar
- Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation; Bangalore; India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ooi LG, Bhat R, Rosma A, Yuen KH, Liong MT. Erratum to “A synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus CHO-220 and inulin improves irregularity of red blood cells” (J. Dairy Sci. 93:4535–4544). J Dairy Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-94-5-2657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
47
|
Khursheed N, Rumana M, Ramzan A, Zahoor S, Nisar S, Sarbjit C, Abrar W, Basharat M, Mohsin R, Kirmani A, Bhat R. Pediatric epidural tumors of the spine--experience of a decade from the Kashmir Valley. Pediatr Neurosurg 2011; 47:22-30. [PMID: 21613777 DOI: 10.1159/000327142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We present our experience after analyzing retrospectively the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical approaches, immediate and long-term postoperative complications and survival outcome of pediatric spinal epidural tumors treated over a period of 10 years from 2000 to 2009 in a tertiary-care hospital. Our study included benign and malignant tumors. The majority of our patients were boys (14:8). The duration of symptoms was longer in benign lesions. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was the commonest malignant tumor and aneurysmal bone cyst was the commonest benign tumor. The mean duration of follow-up was 19 months (range 3-48 months). Most of the patients improved in their neurological grade after surgery; however, the degree of excision had no bearing on the length of survival for malignant lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Khursheed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ooi LG, Bhat R, Rosma A, Yuen KH, Liong MT. A synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus CHO-220 and inulin improves irregularity of red blood cells. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:4535-44. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
49
|
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare form of chronic pancreatitis, which commonly mimics pancreatic carcinoma. Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangitis (IAC) is a rare type of autoimmune pancreatitis associated with bile duct involvement, which can present with or without pancreatic involvement. Usually, the bile duct involvement is in the form of multiple intra-and extra-hepatic strictures mimicking primary sclerosing cholangitis. Rarely, there can be an isolated stricture which mimics cholangiocarcinoma. Differentiating these from cholangiocarcinoma, though extremely difficult, is of critical importance since it can be treated without surgical intervention. Most cases with rare presentation mimicking cholangiocarcinoma have been reported in elderly patients. We present one such rare presentation of autoimmune pancreatitis in a young 13-year-old patient in whom hepaticojejunostomy was done for a hilar stricture, which later turned out to be related to IAC. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of its kind from India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Miglani
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Reed K, Milzman D, Wood S, Bhat R, Gerecht R. 315: Cranial Trephination: Simulation Model for Emergency Medicine Resident Training of a Rare but Life-Saving Procedure. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|