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Angloher G, Banik S, Benato G, Bento A, Bertolini A, Breier R, Bucci C, Burkhart J, Canonica L, D'Addabbo A, Di Lorenzo S, Einfalt L, Erb A, Feilitzsch FV, Ferreiro Iachellini N, Fichtinger S, Fuchs D, Fuss A, Garai A, Ghete VM, Gorla P, Gupta S, Hauff D, Ješkovský M, Jochum J, Kaznacheeva M, Kinast A, Kluck H, Kraus H, Langenkämper A, Mancuso M, Marini L, Mokina V, Nilima A, Olmi M, Ortmann T, Pagliarone C, Pattavina L, Petricca F, Potzel W, Povinec P, Pröbst F, Pucci F, Reindl F, Rothe J, Schäffner K, Schieck J, Schmiedmayer D, Schönert S, Schwertner C, Stahlberg M, Stodolsky L, Strandhagen C, Strauss R, Usherov I, Wagner F, Willers M, Zema V, Ferella F, Laubenstein M, Nisi S. Secular equilibrium assessment in a CaWO 4 target crystal from the dark matter experiment CRESST using Bayesian likelihood normalisation. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110670. [PMID: 36696751 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
CRESST is a leading direct detection sub-GeVc-2 dark matter experiment. During its second phase, cryogenic bolometers were used to detect nuclear recoils off the CaWO4 target crystal nuclei. The previously established electromagnetic background model relies on Secular Equilibrium (SE) assumptions. In this work, a validation of SE is attempted by comparing two likelihood-based normalisation results using a recently developed spectral template normalisation method based on Bayesian likelihood. Albeit we find deviations from SE in some cases we conclude that these deviations are artefacts of the fit and that the assumptions of SE is physically meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Angloher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - S Banik
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - G Benato
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - A Bento
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany; LIBPhys-UC, Departamento de Fisica, Universidade de Coimbra, P3004 516, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Bertolini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - R Breier
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, 84248, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - C Bucci
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - J Burkhart
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria.
| | - L Canonica
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - A D'Addabbo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - S Di Lorenzo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - L Einfalt
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - A Erb
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany; Walther-Meißner-Institut für Tieftemperaturforschung, D-85748, Garching, Germany
| | - F V Feilitzsch
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - N Ferreiro Iachellini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany; Excellence Cluster Origins, D-85748, Garching, Germany
| | - S Fichtinger
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria
| | - D Fuchs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - A Fuss
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - A Garai
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - V M Ghete
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria
| | - P Gorla
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - S Gupta
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria
| | - D Hauff
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - M Ješkovský
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, 84248, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J Jochum
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Kaznacheeva
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - A Kinast
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - H Kluck
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria
| | - H Kraus
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OX1 3RH, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Langenkämper
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - M Mancuso
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - L Marini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy; GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, I-67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - V Mokina
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria
| | - A Nilima
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - M Olmi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - T Ortmann
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - C Pagliarone
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica, Universitä degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, I-03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - L Pattavina
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy; Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - F Petricca
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - W Potzel
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - P Povinec
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, 84248, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - F Pröbst
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - F Pucci
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - F Reindl
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - J Rothe
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - K Schäffner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - J Schieck
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - D Schmiedmayer
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - S Schönert
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - C Schwertner
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria; Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020, Wien, Austria
| | - M Stahlberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - L Stodolsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | - C Strandhagen
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Strauss
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - I Usherov
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Wagner
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050, Wien, Austria
| | - M Willers
- Physik-Department and ORIGINS Excellence Cluster, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - V Zema
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805, München, Germany
| | | | - F Ferella
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy; Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio (COPPITO 1-2), I-67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Laubenstein
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
| | - S Nisi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100, Assergi, Italy
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Angloher G, Banik S, Bartolot D, Benato G, Bento A, Bertolini A, Breier R, Bucci C, Burkhart J, Canonica L, D’Addabbo A, Di Lorenzo S, Einfalt L, Erb A, Feilitzsch FV, Iachellini NF, Fichtinger S, Fuchs D, Fuss A, Garai A, Ghete VM, Gerster S, Gorla P, Guillaumon PV, Gupta S, Hauff D, Ješkovský M, Jochum J, Kaznacheeva M, Kinast A, Kluck H, Kraus H, Lackner M, Langenkämper A, Mancuso M, Marini L, Meyer L, Mokina V, Nilima A, Olmi M, Ortmann T, Pagliarone C, Pattavina L, Petricca F, Potzel W, Povinec P, Pröbst F, Pucci F, Reindl F, Rizvanovic D, Rothe J, Schäffner K, Schieck J, Schmiedmayer D, Schönert S, Schwertner C, Stahlberg M, Stodolsky L, Strandhagen C, Strauss R, Usherov I, Wagner F, Willers M, Zema V, Waltenberger W. Towards an automated data cleaning with deep learning in CRESST. Eur Phys J Plus 2023; 138:100. [PMID: 36741916 PMCID: PMC9886615 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-03674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The CRESST experiment employs cryogenic calorimeters for the sensitive measurement of nuclear recoils induced by dark matter particles. The recorded signals need to undergo a careful cleaning process to avoid wrongly reconstructed recoil energies caused by pile-up and read-out artefacts. We frame this process as a time series classification task and propose to automate it with neural networks. With a data set of over one million labeled records from 68 detectors, recorded between 2013 and 2019 by CRESST, we test the capability of four commonly used neural network architectures to learn the data cleaning task. Our best performing model achieves a balanced accuracy of 0.932 on our test set. We show on an exemplary detector that about half of the wrongly predicted events are in fact wrongly labeled events, and a large share of the remaining ones have a context-dependent ground truth. We furthermore evaluate the recall and selectivity of our classifiers with simulated data. The results confirm that the trained classifiers are well suited for the data cleaning task.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Angloher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - S. Banik
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - D. Bartolot
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - G. Benato
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - A. Bento
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
- LIBPhys-UC, Departamento de Fisica, Universidade de Coimbra, P3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A. Bertolini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - R. Breier
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - C. Bucci
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - J. Burkhart
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - L. Canonica
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A. D’Addabbo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - S. Di Lorenzo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - L. Einfalt
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - A. Erb
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
- Walther-Meißner-Institut für Tieftemperaturforschung, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. v. Feilitzsch
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | | | - S. Fichtinger
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - D. Fuchs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A. Fuss
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - A. Garai
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - V. M. Ghete
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - S. Gerster
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - P. Gorla
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - P. V. Guillaumon
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - S. Gupta
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - D. Hauff
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - M. Ješkovský
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J. Jochum
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M. Kaznacheeva
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Kinast
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - H. Kluck
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - H. Kraus
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - M. Lackner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A. Langenkämper
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Mancuso
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - L. Marini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - L. Meyer
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - V. Mokina
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - A. Nilima
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - M. Olmi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - T. Ortmann
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - C. Pagliarone
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica, Universitá degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, I-03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - L. Pattavina
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Petricca
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - W. Potzel
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - P. Povinec
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - F. Pröbst
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - F. Pucci
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - F. Reindl
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - D. Rizvanovic
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - J. Rothe
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Schäffner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J. Schieck
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - D. Schmiedmayer
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - S. Schönert
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - C. Schwertner
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, A-1020 Wien, Austria
| | - M. Stahlberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - L. Stodolsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - C. Strandhagen
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - R. Strauss
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - I. Usherov
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - F. Wagner
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
| | - M. Willers
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - V. Zema
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - W. Waltenberger
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-1050 Wien, Austria
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Palušová V, Breier R, Chauveau E, Piquemal F, Povinec PP. Natural radionuclides as background sources in the Modane underground laboratory. J Environ Radioact 2020; 216:106185. [PMID: 32217198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Modane underground laboratory (LSM) is the deepest operating underground laboratory in Europe. It is located under the Fréjus peak in Savoie Alps in France, with average overburden of 4800 m w. e. (water equivalent), providing low-background environment for experiments in nuclear and particle physics, astrophysics and environmental physics. It is crucial to understand individual sources of background such as residual cosmic-ray flux of high-energy muons, muon-induced neutrons and contributions from radionuclides present in the environment. The identified dominant sources of background are radioactive contamination of construction materials of detectors and laboratory walls, radon contamination of the laboratory air, and neutrons produced in the laboratory. The largest neutron contribution has been identified from (α, n) reactions in low Z materials (10-7-10-4 n s-1 Bq-1) and from spontaneous fission of 238U (1.1× 10-6 n s-1 Bq-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Palušová
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, SK-84248, Bratislava, Slovakia; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, F-33170, Gradignan, France.
| | - R Breier
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, SK-84248, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - E Chauveau
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, F-33170, Gradignan, France
| | - F Piquemal
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, F-33170, Gradignan, France
| | - P P Povinec
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, SK-84248, Bratislava, Slovakia
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4
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Abdelhameed AH, Angloher G, Bauer P, Bento A, Bertoldo E, Breier R, Bucci C, Canonica L, D’Addabbo A, Lorenzo SD, Erb A, Feilitzsch FV, Iachellini NF, Fichtinger S, Fuss A, Gorla P, Hauff D, Jes̆kovský M, Jochum J, Kaizer J, Kinast A, Kluck H, Kraus H, Langenkämper A, Mancuso M, Mokina V, Mondragón E, Olmi M, Ortmann T, Pagliarone C, Palus̆ová V, Pattavina L, Petricca F, Potzel W, Povinec P, Pröbst F, Reindl F, Rothe J, Schäffner K, Schieck J, Schipperges V, Schmiedmayer D, Schönert S, Schwertner C, Stahlberg M, Stodolsky L, Strandhagen C, Strauss R, Türkoğlu C, Usherov I, Willers M, Zema V, Zeman J. Geant4-based electromagnetic background model for the CRESST dark matter experiment. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2019; 79:881. [PMID: 31708682 PMCID: PMC6820299 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers) dark matter search experiment aims for the detection of dark matter particles via elastic scattering off nuclei in CaWO 4 crystals. To understand the CRESST electromagnetic background due to the bulk contamination in the employed materials, a model based on Monte Carlo simulations was developed using the Geant4 simulation toolkit. The results of the simulation are applied to the TUM40 detector module of CRESST-II phase 2. We are able to explain up to ( 68 ± 16 ) % of the electromagnetic background in the energy range between 1 and 40 keV .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Angloher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - P. Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - A. Bento
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E. Bertoldo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - R. Breier
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - C. Bucci
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - L. Canonica
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - A. D’Addabbo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - S. Di Lorenzo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - A. Erb
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Walther-Meißner-Institut für Tieftemperaturforschung, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. v. Feilitzsch
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | | | - S. Fichtinger
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
| | - A. Fuss
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - P. Gorla
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - D. Hauff
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - M. Jes̆kovský
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J. Jochum
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - J. Kaizer
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A. Kinast
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - H. Kluck
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - H. Kraus
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - A. Langenkämper
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Mancuso
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - V. Mokina
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
| | - E. Mondragón
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Olmi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - T. Ortmann
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - C. Pagliarone
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica, Universitá degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - V. Palus̆ová
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - L. Pattavina
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - F. Petricca
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - W. Potzel
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - P. Povinec
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - F. Pröbst
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - F. Reindl
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - J. Rothe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - K. Schäffner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - J. Schieck
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - V. Schipperges
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - D. Schmiedmayer
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - S. Schönert
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - C. Schwertner
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - M. Stahlberg
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | - L. Stodolsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - C. Strandhagen
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - R. Strauss
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - C. Türkoğlu
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Wien, Austria
- Present Address: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - I. Usherov
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M. Willers
- Physik-Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - V. Zema
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - J. Zeman
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
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5
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Rakhimov AV, Barabash AS, Basharina-Freshville A, Blot S, Bongrand M, Bourgeois C, Breton D, Breier R, Birdsall E, Brudanin VB, Burešova H, Busto J, Calvez S, Cascella M, Cerna C, Cesar JP, Chauveau E, Chopra A, Claverie G, De Capua S, Delalee F, Duchesneau D, Egorov VG, Eurin G, Evans JJ, Fajt L, Filosofov DV, Flack R, Garrido X, Gomez H, Guillon B, Guzowski P, Hodák R, Holý K, Huber A, Hugon C, Jeremie A, Jullian S, Karaivanov DV, Kauer M, Klimenko AA, Kochetov OI, Konovalov SI, Kovalenko V, Lang K, Lemière Y, Le Noblet T, Liptak Z, Liu XR, Loaiza P, Lutter G, Maalmi J, Macko M, Mamedov F, Marquet C, Mauger F, Minotti A, Mirsagatova AA, Mirzayev NA, Moreau I, Morgan B, Mott J, Nemchenok IB, Nomachi M, Nova F, Ohsumi H, Oliviero G, Pahlka RB, Pater JR, Palušová V, Perrot F, Piquemal F, Povinec P, Pridal P, Ramachers YA, Rebii A, Remoto A, Richards B, Ricol JS, Rukhadze E, Rukhadze NI, Saakyan R, Sadikov II, Salazar R, Sarazin X, Sedgbeer J, Shitov YA, Šimkovic F, Simard L, Smetana A, Smolek K, Smolnikov AA, Snow S, Söldner-Rembold S, Soulé B, Špavorova M, Štekl I, Tashimova FA, Thomas J, Timkin V, Torre S, Tretyak VI, Tretyak VI, Umatov VI, Vilela C, Vorobel V, Warot G, Waters D, Zampaolo M, Žukauskas A. Development of methods for the preparation of radiopure 82Se sources for the SuperNEMO neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A radiochemical method for producing 82Se sources with an ultra-low level of contamination of natural radionuclides (40K, decay products of 232Th and 238U) has been developed based on cation-exchange chromatographic purification with reverse removal of impurities. It includes chromatographic separation (purification), reduction, conditioning (which includes decantation, centrifugation, washing, grinding, and drying), and 82Se foil production. The conditioning stage, during which highly dispersed elemental selenium is obtained by the reduction of purified selenious acid (H2SeO3) with sulfur dioxide (SO2) represents the crucial step in the preparation of radiopure 82Se samples. The natural selenium (600 g) was first produced in this procedure in order to refine the method. The technique developed was then used to produce 2.5 kg of radiopure enriched selenium (82Se). The produced 82Se samples were wrapped in polyethylene (12 μm thick) and radionuclides present in the sample were analyzed with the BiPo-3 detector. The radiopurity of the plastic materials (chromatographic column material and polypropylene chemical vessels), which were used at all stages, was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The radiopurity of the 82Se foils was checked by measurements with the BiPo-3 spectrometer, which confirmed the high purity of the final product. The measured contamination level for 208Tl was 8–54 μBq/kg, and for 214Bi the detection limit of 600 μBq/kg has been reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimardon V. Rakhimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
- Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Tashkent , 100214 , Uzbekistan
| | - A. S. Barabash
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, ITEP , 117218 Moscow , Russia
| | | | - S. Blot
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - M. Bongrand
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Ch. Bourgeois
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - D. Breton
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - R. Breier
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - E. Birdsall
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - V. B. Brudanin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI , 115409 Moscow , Russia
| | | | - J. Busto
- CPPM, Universite d’Aix Marseille, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-13288 Marseille , France
| | - S. Calvez
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - M. Cascella
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - C. Cerna
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - J. P. Cesar
- University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 , USA
| | - E. Chauveau
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - A. Chopra
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - G. Claverie
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - S. De Capua
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - F. Delalee
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - D. Duchesneau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS/IN2P3, LAPP, 74000 Annecy , France
| | - V. G. Egorov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - G. Eurin
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - J. J. Evans
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - L. Fajt
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - D. V. Filosofov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - R. Flack
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - X. Garrido
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - H. Gomez
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - B. Guillon
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen , CNRS/IN2P3, F-14050 Caen , France
| | - P. Guzowski
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - R. Hodák
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - K. Holý
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - A. Huber
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - C. Hugon
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - A. Jeremie
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS/IN2P3, LAPP, 74000 Annecy , France
| | - S. Jullian
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - D. V. Karaivanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) , 72 Tzarigradsko chaussee, Blvd., BG-1784 Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - M. Kauer
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - A. A. Klimenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - O. I. Kochetov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | | | - V. Kovalenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - K. Lang
- University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 , USA
| | - Y. Lemière
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen , CNRS/IN2P3, F-14050 Caen , France
| | - T. Le Noblet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS/IN2P3, LAPP, 74000 Annecy , France
| | - Z. Liptak
- University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 , USA
| | - X. R. Liu
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - P. Loaiza
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - G. Lutter
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - J. Maalmi
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - M. Macko
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - F. Mamedov
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - C. Marquet
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - F. Mauger
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen , CNRS/IN2P3, F-14050 Caen , France
| | - A. Minotti
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS/IN2P3, LAPP, 74000 Annecy , France
| | - A. A. Mirsagatova
- Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Tashkent , 100214 , Uzbekistan
| | - N. A. Mirzayev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
- Institute of Radiation Problems of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , AZ1143 B. Vahabzade 9 , Baku , Azerbaijan
| | - I. Moreau
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - B. Morgan
- University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , UK
| | - J. Mott
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - I. B. Nemchenok
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - M. Nomachi
- Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaney arna Toyonaka , Osaka 560-0043 , Japan
| | - F. Nova
- University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 , USA
| | - H. Ohsumi
- Saga University , Saga 840-8502 , Japan
| | - G. Oliviero
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen , CNRS/IN2P3, F-14050 Caen , France
| | - R. B. Pahlka
- University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 , USA
| | - J. R. Pater
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - V. Palušová
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - F. Perrot
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - F. Piquemal
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - P. Povinec
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - P. Pridal
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | | | - A. Rebii
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - A. Remoto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS/IN2P3, LAPP, 74000 Annecy , France
| | - B. Richards
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - J. S. Ricol
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - E. Rukhadze
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - N. I. Rukhadze
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - R. Saakyan
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - I. I. Sadikov
- Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Tashkent , 100214 , Uzbekistan
| | - R. Salazar
- University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712 , USA
| | - X. Sarazin
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - J. Sedgbeer
- Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , UK
| | - Yu. A. Shitov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - F. Šimkovic
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics , Comenius University , SK-842 48 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - L. Simard
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
- Institut Universitaire de France , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - A. Smetana
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - K. Smolek
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - A. A. Smolnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - S. Snow
- University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , UK
| | | | - B. Soulé
- CENBG, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3 , F-33175 Gradignan , France
| | - M. Špavorova
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - I. Štekl
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics , Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-12800 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - F. A. Tashimova
- Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Tashkent , 100214 , Uzbekistan
| | - J. Thomas
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - V. Timkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - S. Torre
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | | | - V. I. Tretyak
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) , Dubna , 141980 , Russian Federation
| | - V. I. Umatov
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, ITEP , 117218 Moscow , Russia
| | - C. Vilela
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - V. Vorobel
- Charles University, Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics , CZ-12116 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - G. Warot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP , LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - D. Waters
- University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - M. Zampaolo
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP , LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - A. Žukauskas
- Charles University, Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics , CZ-12116 Prague , Czech Republic
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6
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Breier R, Brudanin VB, Loaiza P, Piquemal F, Povinec PP, Rukhadze E, Rukhadze N, Štekl I. Environmental radionuclides as contaminants of HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers: Monte Carlo simulations for Modane underground laboratory. J Environ Radioact 2018; 190-191:134-140. [PMID: 29793183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The main limitation in the high-sensitive HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry has been the detector background, even for detectors placed deep underground. Environmental radionuclides such as 40K and decay products in the 238U and 232Th chains have been identified as the most important radioactive contaminants of construction parts of HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that the massive inner and outer lead shields have been the main contributors to the HPGe-detector background, followed by aluminum cryostat, copper cold finger, detector holder and the lead ring with FET. The Monte Carlo simulated cosmic-ray background gamma-ray spectrum has been by about three orders of magnitude lower than the experimental spectrum measured in the Modane underground laboratory (4800 m w.e.), underlying the importance of using radiopure materials for the construction of ultra-low-level HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Breier
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - V B Brudanin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - P Loaiza
- LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Piquemal
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, F-33175 Gradignan, France; Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane, F-73500 Modane, France
| | - P P Povinec
- Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - E Rukhadze
- Czech Technical University, Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, CZ-12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N Rukhadze
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - I Štekl
- Czech Technical University, Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, CZ-12800 Prague, Czech Republic
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7
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Povinec PP, Benedik L, Breier R, Ješkovský M, Kaizer J, Kameník J, Kochetov O, Kučera J, Loaiza P, Nisi S, Palušová V, Piquemal F. Ultra-sensitive radioanalytical technologies for underground physics experiments. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Breier R, Laubenstein M, Povinec PP. Monte Carlo simulation of background characteristics of a HPGe detector operating underground in the Gran Sasso National Laboratory. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 126:188-190. [PMID: 28111090 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of background components of an ultra-low background high purity germanium (HPGe) detector operating in a deep underground laboratory was carried out. The results show that the background of the HPGe detector is about two orders of magnitude higher than the MC prediction when accounting only for cosmic-ray induced background. The difference is due to natural radioactivity in the parts surrounding the Ge detector. To get reasonable agreement between MC simulations and the experiment, a contamination in the parts surrounding the Ge crystal from 40K, 208Tl and 214Bi of 0.1mBqkg-1 was required to include in the simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Breier
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - M Laubenstein
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Via G. Acitelli 22, L'Aquila (AQ), I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - P P Povinec
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Povinec PP, Svetlik I, Ješkovský M, Šivo A, John J, Špendlíková I, Němec M, Kučera J, Richtáriková M, Breier R, Fejgl M, Černý R. Joint Bratislava–Prague studies of radiocarbon and uranium in the environment using accelerator mass spectrometry and radiometric methods. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Povinec PP, Ženišová Z, Breier R, Richtáriková M, Šivo A. Isotopie tracing of groundwater at Žitný ostrov (SW Slovakia). EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20122403004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
A computing code based on the CERN's GEANT4 has been used to compute cosmic-ray background components of low-level Ge-spectrometers, optionally equipped with an anticosmic shield made of a plastic scintillation detector. The results show that the background of the Ge detector placed at 100 m w.e. (water equivalent) has decreased by a factor of 30 and 100 without and with anticosmic shielding, respectively, when compared with a surface laboratory without anticosmic shielding.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Breier
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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