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Chandan K, Saadeh R, Qazza A, Karthik K, Varun Kumar RS, Kumar RN, Khan U, Masmoudi A, Abdou MMM, Ojok W, Kumar R. Predicting the thermal distribution in a convective wavy fin using a novel training physics-informed neural network method. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7045. [PMID: 38528081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fins are widely used in many industrial applications, including heat exchangers. They benefit from a relatively economical design cost, are lightweight, and are quite miniature. Thus, this study investigates the influence of a wavy fin structure subjected to convective effects with internal heat generation. The thermal distribution, considered a steady condition in one dimension, is described by a unique implementation of a physics-informed neural network (PINN) as part of machine-learning intelligent strategies for analyzing heat transfer in a convective wavy fin. This novel research explores the use of PINNs to examine the effect of the nonlinearity of temperature equation and boundary conditions by altering the hyperparameters of the architecture. The non-linear ordinary differential equation (ODE) involved with heat transfer is reduced into a dimensionless form utilizing the non-dimensional variables to simplify the problem. Furthermore, Runge-Kutta Fehlberg's fourth-fifth order (RKF-45) approach is implemented to evaluate the simplified equations numerically. To predict the wavy fin's heat transfer properties, an advanced neural network model is created without using a traditional data-driven approach, the ability to solve ODEs explicitly by incorporating a mean squared error-based loss function. The obtained results divulge that an increase in the thermal conductivity variable upsurges the thermal distribution. In contrast, a decrease in temperature profile is caused due to the augmentation in the convective-conductive variable values.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chandan
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rania Saadeh
- Faculty of Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan.
| | - Ahmad Qazza
- Faculty of Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan
| | - K Karthik
- Department of Studies in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, 577002, India
| | - R S Varun Kumar
- Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - R Naveen Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Umair Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Sakarya University, Serdivan/Sakarya, 54050, Turkey
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, 1401, Lebanon
| | - Atef Masmoudi
- College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Modather M Abdou
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Walter Ojok
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Muni University, P.O Box 725, Arua, Uganda
| | - Raman Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
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Srilatha P, Kumar RV, Kumar RN, Gowda RP, Abdulrahman A, Prasannakumara B. Impact of solid-fluid interfacial layer and nanoparticle diameter on Maxwell nanofluid flow subjected to variable thermal conductivity and uniform magnetic field. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21189. [PMID: 37954398 PMCID: PMC10632422 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of Maxwell fluid with nanoparticle suspension exhibits promising prospects in enhancing the efficacy of energy conversion and storage mechanisms. They have the potential to be utilized in sophisticated cooling systems for power generation facilities, thereby augmenting the overall energy efficacy. Keeping this in mind, the current research examines the Maxwell nanofluid flow over a rotating disk with the impact of a heat source/sink. The present study centers on the examination of flow characteristics in the existence of a uniform magnetic field. The conversion of governing equations into ordinary differential equations is achieved using appropriate similarity variables. To derive the Nusselt number (Nu) and skin friction (SF) model related to the flow and temperature parameters, the suggested back-propagation artificial neural networking (ANN) technique is used. The Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth order (RKF-45) method is used to solve the reduced equations and produce the necessary data to create the Nu and SF model. Both the Nu and SF models require 1000 data for training the network, respectively. Graphs are utilized to communicate numerical outcomes. The results concluded that the upsurge in magnetic parameter drops the velocity profile but advances the heat transport. Rise in the thermal conductivity parameter, increases the heat transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pudhari Srilatha
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, India
| | - R.S. Varun Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - R. Naveen Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - R.J. Punith Gowda
- Department of Mathematics, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davanagere, 577004, Karnataka, India
| | - Amal Abdulrahman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - B.C. Prasannakumara
- Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere, 577002, Karnataka, India
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Srilatha P, J M, Khan U, Kumar RN, Gowda RJP, Ben Ahmed S, Kumar R. Heat transfer analysis in magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow induced by a rotating rough disk with non-Fourier heat flux: aspects of modified Maxwell-Bruggeman and Krieger-Dougherty models. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:5941-5951. [PMID: 37881708 PMCID: PMC10597558 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00711a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-Newtonian fluids have unique heat transfer properties compared to Newtonian fluids. The present study examines the flow of a Maxwell nanofluid across a rotating rough disk under the effect of a magnetic field. Furthermore, the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model is adopted to explore heat transport features. In addition, a comparison of fluid flow without and with aggregation is performed. Using similarity variables, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations, and this system is then solved by employing the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg fourth-fifth order method to obtain the numerical solution. Graphical depictions are used to examine the notable effects of various parameters on velocity and thermal profiles. The results reveal that an increase in the value of Deborah number decreases the velocity profile. An increase in the thermal relaxation time parameter decreases the thermal profile. An artificial neural network is employed to calculate the rate of heat transfer and surface drag force. The R values for skin friction and Nusselt number were computed. The results demonstrate that artificial neural networks accurately predicted skin friction and Nusselt number values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pudhari Srilatha
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad-500043 India
| | - Madhu J
- Department of Studies in Mathematics, Davangere University Davangere 577007 India
| | - Umair Khan
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon
| | - R Naveen Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India
| | - R J Punith Gowda
- Department of Mathematics, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology Davanagere 577004 India
| | - Samia Ben Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Raman Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University Mohali-140413 Punjab India
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Madhukesh J, Naveen Kumar R, Khan U, Gill R, Raizah Z, Elattar S, Eldin SM, Shah S, Rajappa B, Abed AM. Analysis of buoyancy assisting and opposing flows of colloidal mixture of titanium oxide, silver, and aluminium oxide nanoparticles with water due to exponentially stretchable surface. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Haq I, Naveen Kumar R, Gill R, Madhukesh JK, Khan U, Raizah Z, Eldin SM, Boonsatit N, Jirawattanapanit A. Impact of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions in the presence of hybrid nanofluid flow on various geometries. Front Chem 2022; 10:1032805. [PMID: 36329858 PMCID: PMC9623068 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1032805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work investigates the influence of porous media, homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, and a heat source/sink on the hybrid nanoliquid circulation on three distinct surfaces (cone, plate, and wedge). The system of equations that describe the circulation issue and operating conditions is reduced to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the proper similarity transformations. The Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg 45 order and the shooting approach are used to generate the numerical results. Graphs are used to show how various dimensionless limits affect the associated profiles. The results demonstrate that, in the presence of heat source/sink and porous medium characteristics, respectively, fluid velocity and heat dispersion are high in plate geometry and lower in cone geometry. The concentration profile shows the declination in the presence of both homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction intensities. The surface drag force decreases and the rate of heat dispersion rises with the addition of a porous attribute. Furthermore, cones sprinkle the heat more quickly than wedges, which disperse heat more slowly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izharul Haq
- College of Sciences and Human Studies (CSHS), Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - R. Naveen Kumar
- Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, India
| | - Rana Gill
- Department of Mechatronics, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - J. K. Madhukesh
- Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, India
| | - Umair Khan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Mathematics and Social Sciences, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Pakistan
| | - Zehba Raizah
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M. Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Sayed M. Eldin,
| | - Nattakan Boonsatit
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Anuwat Jirawattanapanit
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Phuket Rajabhat University (PKRU), Phuket, Thailand
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Alzahrani F, Gowda RP, Kumar RN, Khan MI. Dynamics of thermosolutal Marangoni convection and nanoparticle aggregation effects on Oldroyd-B nanofluid past a porous boundary with homogeneous-heterogeneous catalytic reactions. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shi QH, Hamid A, Khan MI, Kumar RN, Gowda RJP, Prasannakumara BC, Shah NA, Khan SU, Chung JD. Numerical study of bio-convection flow of magneto-cross nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms with activation energy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16030. [PMID: 34362971 PMCID: PMC8346499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a mathematical model is developed to scrutinize the transient magnetic flow of Cross nanoliquid past a stretching sheet with thermal radiation effects. Binary chemical reactions and heat source/sink effects along with convective boundary condition are also taken into the consideration. Appropriate similarity transformations are utilized to transform partial differential equations (PDE’s) into ordinary ones and then numerically tackled by shooting method. The impacts of different emerging parameters on the thermal, concentration, velocity, and micro-rotation profiles are incorporated and discussed in detail by means of graphs. Results reveal that, the escalation in magnetic parameter and Rayleigh number slowdowns the velocity and momentum of the fluid. The increase in Biot number, radiation and heat sink/source parameters upsurges the thermal boundary but, converse trend is seen for escalating Prandtl number. The density number of motile microorganisms acts as a growing function of bioconvection Lewis number and declining function of bioconvection Peclet number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hong Shi
- Department of Mathematics, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Aamir Hamid
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Riphah International University, I-14, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - R Naveen Kumar
- Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - R J Punith Gowda
- Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - B C Prasannakumara
- Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Nehad Ali Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea. .,Department of Mathematics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sami Ullah Khan
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
| | - Jae Dong Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
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Punith Gowda R, Naveen Kumar R, Prasannakumara B, Nagaraja B, Gireesha B. Exploring magnetic dipole contribution on ferromagnetic nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet: An application of Stefan blowing. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Madhukesh J, Naveen Kumar R, Punith Gowda R, Prasannakumara B, Ramesh G, Ijaz Khan M, Ullah Khan S, Chu YM. Numerical simulation of AA7072-AA7075/water-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a curved stretching sheet with Newtonian heating: A non-Fourier heat flux model approach. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Manjunatha PT, Chamkha AJ, Punith Gowda RJ, Naveen Kumar R, Prasannakumara BC, Naik SM. Significance of Stefan Blowing and Convective Heat Transfer in Nanofluid Flow Over a Curved Stretching Sheet with Chemical Reaction. j nanofluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2021.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The applications of fluid flow with Newtonian heating effect include conjugate heat conveyance around fins, petroleum industry, and heat exchangers designing. Motivated from these applications, an attempt has been made to analyze the stream of viscous nanomaterial subjected to a curved
stretching sheet. Also, heat and mass transport mechanism due to a chemical reaction, Brownian and thermophoresis motion are discussed. The equations of the mathematical model are formulated by considering the Newtonian heating and Stefan blowing conditions at the boundary. These modelled
equations are then changed to a system of nonlinear equation involving ordinary derivatives of a function by means of suitable similarity transformations. Further, shooting technique with Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg-45 process is utilized to solve the reduced equations. Outcomes disclose that, the
gain in Stefan blowing parameter escalates the liquid velocity. The intensification in chemical reaction rate parameter deteriorates the concentration gradient. The rise in Schmidt number and thermophoresis parameter drops the mass transfer rate. The increased values of Newtonian heating parameter
with respect to thermophoresis parameter decays the heat transport rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. T. Manjunatha
- Department of Mathematics, Government Science College, Chitradurga 577501, India
| | - Ali J. Chamkha
- Faculty of Engineering, Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha District, 35004, Kuwait
| | - R. J. Punith Gowda
- Department of Mathematics, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere 577002, Karnataka, India
| | - R. Naveen Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere 577002, Karnataka, India
| | - B. C. Prasannakumara
- Department of Mathematics, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere 577002, Karnataka, India
| | - Shraddha M. Naik
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology-Andra Pradesh University, 522237, Andra Pradesh, India
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Shankar S, Naveen Kumar R, Mohankumar P, Jayaraman S. Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal injuries among South Indian hand screen-printing workers. Work 2017; 58:163-172. [PMID: 29036860 DOI: 10.3233/wor-172612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand screen-printing (HSP) plays a predominant role in textile industries in developing countries. Workers from HSP industry were mostly affected by musculoskeletal injury due to monotonous, and prolonged work nature and poor workplace environment. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) symptoms and risk factors associated among the HSP industry workers. METHODS Cochran's sample size for categorical data was used to select 385 HSP workers of 1000 samples from various provinces of Tamil Nadu, INDIA. Modified Nordic based questionnaire was used to assess the musculoskeletal injuries and risk factors among HSP workers. RESULTS The statistical analysis revealed that 62.5% workers are prone to MSD symptoms with lower back (75.1%), shoulder (66.2%), knees (58.7%), and ankle/feet (55.6%). Age, experience, marital status, stress in the job were the risk factors which significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the reported MSDs. Further, this study result infers that the subjects with higher age and experience are exposed higher levels of MSD prevalence of 85.5% and 92.0% respectively in past 12 months than other groups. Among the different work categories in HSP task, the workers reported with the maximum discomfort during printing work (63.1%) with Odds ratio as 10.38 and 95% CI is 6.18-17.4. than the material handling and drying task. CONCLUSIONS Study results infer that HSP workers are prone to lower back and shoulder pain followed by knees and ankle feet regions. Socio-demographic factors, awkward posture and repetitive movements contribute to cause MSD among hand screen-printing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shankar
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India
| | - R Naveen Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India
| | - P Mohankumar
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India
| | - Srinivasan Jayaraman
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Energie, Materiaux, Telecommunications, University of Quebec, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Sudershan Rao V, Chakravarthy D, Naveen Kumar R. Development of Ingenious Technique for Salmonella Decontamination of Spices Using Hybrid Technology of Ozone-Pulsed UV. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.21048/ijnd.2017.54.4.16398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of using hybrid technology of ozone pulsed UV to decontaminate Salmonella on spices such as chilli and pepper. The effect of ozone in combination with UV was tested against the pure culture of Salmonella. The results indicated that 0.2 ppm concentration of ozone was very effective in reducing (2 log reduction) the Salmonella population. Effect of ozone and extended duration of UV on Salmonella showed a significant reduction at 0.2 ppm (5 log), 0.8 ppm (2 log) and 1.4 ppm (5 log) along with 20 min of extended UV exposure. Inactivation of Salmonella in chilli (six trials) and their log reduction by ozone with extended UV indicated a significant reduction of 1 log at 1.4 ppm conc. of ozone and 15 min of exposure time along with 30mins of UV exposure. Similarly 2 log reduction of Salmonella was observed in pepper. Analysis of moisture, ash and fat content of ozone treated and non treated spice samples indicated that they are not significant to each other. The results demonstrated that the hybrid technology of ozone pulsed UV is an effective alternative microbial reduction technique for spices.
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Sabbithi A, Naveen Kumar R, Kashinath L, Bhaskar V, Sudershan Rao V. Microbiological Quality of Salads Served along with Street Foods of Hyderabad, India. Int J Microbiol 2014; 2014:932191. [PMID: 24955092 PMCID: PMC4052067 DOI: 10.1155/2014/932191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A study has been done to analyse the microbiological quality of salads served along with street foods of Hyderabad. A total of 163 salad samples, 53 of carrot and 110 of onion samples, were collected from four different zones of Hyderabad. About 74% and 56% had Staphylococcus aureus in carrots and onions, respectively. Fifty-eight percent of carrots and forty-five percent of onions samples contained Salmonella, 68% of carrots and 24% of onions had Yersinia. HACCP study was carried out with 6 street food vendors to identify the source of Salmonella contamination in salads. Food handlers were found to be responsible for Salmonella contamination in salads. The present study revealed the potential hazards of street vended salad vegetables, considering the handling practice usually carried out by vendors. Ninety-eight percent of the vendors did not wash the vegetables before processing and serving while about 56.6% of the vendors did not peel the vegetables. Majority of street vendors' nails were uncut. A significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed in Yersinia spp. and Salmonella spp. in wet-dirty chopping board when compared to clean-dry chopping board. A significant difference (P < 0.05) of Staphylococcus spp. was observed when the status of cleaning cloth was neat/untidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alekhya Sabbithi
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - R. Naveen Kumar
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - L. Kashinath
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - V. Bhaskar
- Statistical Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, India
| | - V. Sudershan Rao
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Sudershan RV, Naveen Kumar R, Kashinath L, Bhaskar V, Polasa K. Microbiological hazard identification and exposure assessment of poultry products sold in various localities of Hyderabad, India. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:736040. [PMID: 22593705 PMCID: PMC3347783 DOI: 10.1100/2012/736040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was carried out to identify microbiological hazards and assess their exposure associated with consumption of poultry based street food served in different localities of Hyderabad. The study indicated that chicken 65, chicken fried rice, chicken noodles, chicken Manchuria and chilly chicken are the most common recipes. A process flow diagram was developed to identify critical control points in the food item. After analysis of the samples at each level of preparation, it was observed that rice and noodles were kept at room temperature for about 5-6 hrs which was a critical control point. A total of 376 samples including chicken fried rice, chicken noodles, boiled noodles and boiled rice were collected from circle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of Greater Hyderabad municipal corporation (GHMC) and analyzed for microbiological examination. The most prevalent pathogenic bacteria isolated were S. aureus (3.4 log 10 cfu/g) and B. cereus (3.4 log 10 cfu/g). Salmonella spp. was present in salads (3.2 log 10 cfu/g) and hand washings of the food handler (3.5 log 10 cfu/g). Salmonella contamination was found in salads served along with chicken fried rice and chicken noodles than in the food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao V Sudershan
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition (Indian Council of Medical Research), Jamai-Osmania, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Elbasha E, Dunlop W, Chaudhary MA, Kumar RN. An economic evaluation of using raltegravir in treatment-experienced HIV-1 infected patients in the UK. J Int AIDS Soc 2008. [DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-s1-p310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
Galpha(12), the alpha-subunit of G12, which has been referred to as the gep oncogene, stimulates mitogenic pathways in different cell types and readily induces neoplastic transformation of fibroblast cell lines. Recently, we have shown that the oncogenic pathway activated by Galpha(12) involves the receptor tyrosine kinase platelet derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRalpha) and JAK3. In the present study, we demonstrate that the GTPase-deficient activated mutant of Galpha(12) activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) via PDGFRalpha as well as JAK3. Here we show that Galpha(12) stimulates the phosphorylation of STAT3 at both Tyrosine-705 and Serine-727 residues. Studies to delineate the mechanism by which Galpha(12) stimulates STAT3 have indicated that the Tyrosine-705-phosphorylation of STAT3 involves the tyrosine kinases, Janus Kinase-3 as well as Src kinase, whereas the Serine-727 phosphorylation of STAT3 occurs via the receptor tyrosine kinase, PDGFRalpha and phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase pathway. Our results also indicate that the coexpression of the dominant negative, DNA binding mutant of STAT3 (STAT3DB) inhibits the foci formation as well as anchorage-independent growth of Galpha(12)QL-transfectants, thereby establishing the critical role of STAT3 in Galpha(12)QL-mediated neoplastic cell growth. The results presented here demonstrate, for the first time, the ability of Galpha(12) to recruit multiple receptor-, nonreceptor-, and Ser/Thr kinases to stimulate STAT3-signaling to promote neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Kumar
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Hashim R, How LS, Kumar RN, Sulaiman O. Some of the properties of flame retardant medium density fiberboard made from rubberwood and recycled containers containing aluminum trihydroxide. Bioresour Technol 2005; 96:1826-31. [PMID: 16051090 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2004] [Revised: 01/03/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The flame retardancy of medium density fiberboard (MDF) made from mixture of rubberwood fibers and recycled old corrugated containers was studied. Aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) was used as a fire retardant additive and mixed with the fibers to manufacture experimental MDF panels using wet process. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin in liquid, 2% based on oven dry weight of fibers, was used along with 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% of ATH. The flame retardant test was done using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. The other properties investigated include internal bond strength, thickness swelling and water absorption. The results showed that ATH loading increased as the LOI of MDF increased. This demonstrated that ATH could improved the fire retardant property of MDF at sufficient loading. An increase in concentration of ATH showed an increase in the IB values of MDF made without resin. MDF panels made without resin showed a progressive increase in internal bond as the composition of recycled old corrugated containers fiber increased. Addition of resin improved internal bond strength and reduced thickness swelling, and water absorption. Thickness swelling of panel increased as the composition of recycled old corrugated containers fiber increased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) showed that there is indication of ATH and resin filling the void space in between fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hashim
- Division of Bio-resource, Paper and Coatings Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
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21
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Abstract
This review highlights the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of cannabinoids. The effect of cannabinoids on anaesthesia is mentioned briefly. Important advances have taken place in cannabinoid research over the last few years and have led to the discovery of novel ligands. The possible clinical applications of these ligands and the direction of future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Kumar
- Anaesthesia & Pain Management, Department of Anaesthesia, Grampian University Hospitals, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK
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Kumar RN, Dharmapuram AK, Rao IM, Gopalakrishnan VC, Pillai VR, Nazer YA, Cartmill T. The fate of the unligated vertical vein after surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in early infancy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001; 122:615-7. [PMID: 11547319 DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2001.114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R N Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Mafraq Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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