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Madu CT, Lee TF, Sohn A, Hu J, Matayev R, Paranjpe V, Fam J, Wronka A, Kim ET, Zambrano R, Wollstein G, Schuman JS. Disparities in Visual Field Testing Frequency Among Subjects With Glaucoma. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:2. [PMID: 38564202 PMCID: PMC10996970 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Prior evidence suggests racial disparities in the utilization of visual field testing (VFT) for the diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. In this study, we considered the effect of baseline glaucoma severity and socioeconomic disadvantage along with other potential confounders such as test reliability, ancillary tests, and glaucoma surgeries on racial disparity in the frequency of VFT. Methods The records of all subjects with a diagnosis of glaucoma who received VFT at an academic, tertiary care facility from January 2018 to December 2021 were accessed. Analysis was performed to compare VFT frequency, the total number of office visits (DoS), and the ratio of VFT frequency to DoS (VFT/DoS) across self-reported races while controlling for sex, age, socioeconomic disadvantage (Area Deprivation Index), VF reliability indicators and baseline mean deviation, optical coherence tomography frequency, and glaucoma surgeries. Results Among the 2654 subjects (1515 White, 782 Black, and 357 Asian) included in this study, Black subjects had the worst socioeconomic status and disease severity at baseline. They also experienced a 3% lower VFT/DoS ratio compared to White subjects (P = 0.031). Asian subjects had a 5% lower VFT/DoS ratio compared to White subjects (P = 0.015). Discussion We identified racial disparity in performing VFT in subjects with glaucoma even when multiple confounders were considered. Further investigation is necessary to identify other race-associated factors to work toward reducing racial disparities in VFT. Translational Relevance Black and Asian subjects with glaucoma receive fewer VFT per visit compared to White subjects even when considering socioeconomic disadvantage and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisom T. Madu
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Fang Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley Sohn
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Matayev
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vikram Paranjpe
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Fam
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Wronka
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eleanore T. Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gadi Wollstein
- Glaucoma Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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