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Kampa RP, Sęk A, Bednarczyk P, Szewczyk A, Calderone V, Testai L. Flavonoids as new regulators of mitochondrial potassium channels: contribution to cardioprotection. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 75:466-481. [PMID: 36508341 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Acute myocardial ischemia is one of the major causes of illness in western society. Reduced coronary blood supply leads to cell death and loss of cardiomyocyte population, resulting in serious and often irreversible consequences on myocardial function. Mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels have been identified as fine regulators of mitochondrial function and, consequently, in the metabolism of the whole cell, and in the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotection. Interestingly, mitoK channels represent a novel putative target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction, and their modulators represent an interesting tool for pharmacological intervention. In this review, we took up the challenge of selecting flavonoids that show cardioprotective properties through the activation of mitoK channels.
Key findings
A brief overview of the main information on mitoK channels and their participation in the induction of cytoprotective processes was provided. Then, naringenin, quercetin, morin, theaflavin, baicalein, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, puerarin, luteolin and proanthocyanidins demonstrated to be effective modulators of mitoK channels activity, mediating many beneficial effects.
Summary
The pathophysiological role of mitoK channels has been investigated as well as the impact of flavonoids on this target with particular attention to their potential role in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał P Kampa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS , Warsaw , Poland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS , Warsaw , Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, SGGW , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Italy
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Kampa RP, Flori L, Sęk A, Spezzini J, Brogi S, Szewczyk A, Calderone V, Bednarczyk P, Testai L. Luteolin-Induced Activation of Mitochondrial BK Ca Channels: Undisclosed Mechanism of Cytoprotection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1892. [PMID: 36290615 PMCID: PMC9598376 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (LUT) is a well-known flavonoid that exhibits a number of beneficial properties. Among these, it shows cardioprotective effects, as confirmed by numerous studies. However, its effect on mitochondrial potassium channels, the activation of which is related to cytoprotection, as well as on heart ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage prevention, has not yet been investigated. The large conductance calcium-regulated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) has been identified in both the mitochondria of the vascular endothelial cells, which plays a significant role in the functioning of the cardiovascular system under oxidative stress-related conditions, and in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes, where it is deeply involved in cardiac protection against I/R injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the role of the mitoBKCa channel in luteolin-induced cytoprotection. A number of in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo and in silico studies have confirmed that luteolin activates this channel in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, which in turn leads to the protection of the endothelium and a significant reduction in the extent of damage resulting from myocardial infarction, where this effect was partially abolished by the mitoBKCa channel blocker paxilline. In conclusion, these results suggest that luteolin has cardioprotective effects, at least in part, through the activation of the mitoBKCa channel, shedding light on a new putative mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał P. Kampa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS-SGGW), 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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Bednarczyk P, Kampa RP, Gałecka S, Sęk A, Walewska A, Koprowski P. Patch-Clamp Recording of the Activity of Ion Channels in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2276:235-248. [PMID: 34060046 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1266-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles, which play a crucial role in the generation of ATP. Mitochondria are surrounded by a double membrane, consisting of a smooth outer membrane (OMM) and a markedly folded inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Mitochondrion that has been stripped of its outer membrane, leaving the inner membrane intact is called mitoplast. There is a number of different transport proteins located in the inner mitochondrial membrane including ion channels that mediate fluxes of potassium, calcium, and chloride ions. These channels regulate the mitochondrial membrane potential, respiration, and production of reactive oxygen species. The stability of mitoplasts offers the possibility of measuring the activity of ion channels from IMM using the patch-clamp technique. Electrophysiological measurements of currents through ion channels in the IMM permit discovery of unique properties of these channels with the aim of new specific pharmacological therapies. In this chapter, we describe the isolation of mitochondria, preparation of mitoplast for patch-clamp recordings and single-mitoplast PCR experiments, which can be helpful in mastering the technique of recording the activity of mitochondrial ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał P Kampa
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shur Gałecka
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Walewska
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Koprowski
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
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