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Izydorczyk G, Skrzypczak D, Mironiuk M, Mikula K, Samoraj M, Gil F, Taf R, Moustakas K, Chojnacka K. Lignocellulosic biomass fertilizers: Production, characterization, and agri-applications. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171343. [PMID: 38438048 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The growing focus on sustainable agriculture and optimal resource utilization has spurred investigations into lignocellulosic biomass as a potential source for producing environmentally friendly fertilizers. This paper reviews recent advancements in the production and application of innovative fertilizers derived from lignocellulose. It highlights potential in enhancing agricultural productivity and reducing environmental impacts such as carbon footprint and water pollution. The paper outlines various methods for conversion, highlighting the unique advantages of chemical, enzymatic, and microbiological processes, for converting lignocellulosic biomass into nutrient-rich fertilizers. The study compares the efficacy of lignocellulosic fertilizers to traditional fertilizers in promoting crop growth, enhancing soil health, and reducing nutrient losses. The results demonstrate the potential of lignocellulosic biomass-derived fertilizers in promoting resource efficiency and sustainable agriculture. While this research significantly contributes to the existing body of knowledge, further studies on long-term impacts and scalability are recommended for the development of innovative and sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland.
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Mironiuk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mikula
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
| | - Mateusz Samoraj
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
| | - Filip Gil
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
| | - Rafał Taf
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia 50-370, Poland
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Mikula K, Konieczka M, Taf R, Skrzypczak D, Izydorczyk G, Moustakas K, Kułażyński M, Chojnacka K, Witek-Krowiak A. Tannery waste as a renewable source of nitrogen for production of multicomponent fertilizers with biostimulating properties. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:8759-8777. [PMID: 35589903 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The studies presented in this work show that solid tannery waste-like shavings can be used as high-protein materials for fertilizer production following the concept of the circular economy. To select appropriate process parameters (mass ratio of shavings meal to the hydrolyzing agent (S:L), hydrolysis medium concentration, temperature) and to ensure the highest possible hydrolysis efficiency, it is useful to apply the well-known response surface methodology (RSM). The analyses revealed that chromium shavings (SCr) were most preferably treated with 10% KOH in a ratio of S:L 1:1 with the process being carried out at 160 °C (6.59% N). The optimal hydrolysis conditions for non-chromium (S) shavings were: S:L ratio 1:2, 10% H2SO4, and temperature 160 °C (4.08% N). Chromium concentrations in hydrolysates from S and SCr shavings obtained under optimal conditions were 15.2 mg/kg and 9483 mg/kg, respectively. Hydrolysate samples were analyzed by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) that revealed that the type of hydrolysis (acidic/alkaline) affects the amino acid profile. Approximately 4.5 times more amino acids were extracted in the KOH environment than during acidic treatment. The hydrolysates contained mainly glycine, alanine, and proline, which are primarily responsible for stimulating plant growth by supporting chlorophyll synthesis, chelating micronutrients, improving pollen fertility, or resistance to low temperatures. The conversion of tannery waste into fertilizer requires the control of contaminant levels, especially chromium, which can oxidize to the carcinogenic form Cr(VI) that is hazardous to humans and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Mikula
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Maciej Konieczka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Taf
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 IroonPolytechniou StrZographou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Marek Kułażyński
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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