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Hamidi H, Bagheri Nejad R, Es-Haghi A, Ghassempour A. A Combination of MALDI-TOF MS Proteomics and Species-Unique Biomarkers' Discovery for Rapid Screening of Brucellosis. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2022; 33:1530-1540. [PMID: 35816556 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is considered to be a zoonotic infection with a predominant incidence in most parts of Iran that may even simply involve diagnostic laboratory personnel. In the present study, we apply matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for rapid and reliable discrimination of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis, based on proteomic mass patterns from chemically treated whole-cell analyses. Biomarkers of the low molecular weight proteome in the MALDI-TOF MS spectra were assigned to conserved ribosomal and structural protein families that were found in genome assemblies of B. abortus and B. melitensis in the NCBI database. Significant protein mass signals successfully mapped to ribosomal proteins and structural proteins, such as integration host factor subunit alpha, cold-shock proteins, HU family DNA-binding protein, ATP synthase subunit C, and GNAT family N-acetyltransferase, with specific biomarker peaks that have been identified for each virulent and vaccine strain. Web-accessible bioinformatics algorithms, with a robust data analysis workflow, followed by ribosomal and structural protein mapping, significantly enhanced the reliable assignment of key proteins and accurate identification of Brucella species. Furthermore, clinical samples were analyzed to confirm the most dominant protein biomarker candidates and their relevance for the identifications of B. melitensis and B. abortus. With proper optimization, we envision that the presented MALDI-TOF MS proteomics analyses, coupled with special usage of bioinformatics, could be used as a cost-efficient strategy for the diagnostics of brucellosis and introduce a reliable identification protocol for species of dangerous bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Hamidi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 19839-69411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Department of Physico Chemistry, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 31975/148 Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Es-Haghi
- Department of Physico Chemistry, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 31975/148 Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 19839-69411 Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Brucellosis is a bacterial endemic zoonotic disease of global significance with detrimental impacts on public health and food animal production. It is caused by Brucella spp., an expanding group of pathogens able to infect various host species. Bovines and small ruminants, which excrete the bacteria in milk and in reproductive discharges, are major sources of infection for humans and other animals. Contact with contaminated animals and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products are the main routes for human infection. In spite of the considerable progress of knowledge gained and success achieved in brucellosis control in the developed world, this disease continues to be an important burden in the Middle East (ME). Common risk factors implicated in the difficulty and complexity of brucellosis control within the region include (1) social and political instabilities; (2) insufficient resources and infrastructure for appropriate diagnosis, reporting, and implementation of control measures; (3) variation of livestock husbandry systems and their commingling with other livestock and wildlife; and (4) traditional cultural practices, including consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Development of core interdisciplinary competencies is required for a true One Health–based endeavor against the disease. National awareness and educational programs addressing all population sectors from consumers to decision-makers seem to be the next logical, sustainable, and economically viable approach toward improving disease status in this region. In the present review, we describe the current situation of brucellosis in the ME, focusing on the major limitations and shortcomings regarding disease control. We propose a regional approach toward public awareness of brucellosis as the first step in mitigating the disease and discuss the potential benefits, and components of such a strategy, which can further be used as a model for other endemic zoonotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Bacterial Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rosina C. Krecek
- Independent Scholar, Texas, United States of America
- University of Johannesburg, Department of Zoology, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Omar H. Khalaf
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Pathology & Poultry Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nabil Hailat
- Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bagheri Nejad R, Yahyaraeyat R, Es-Haghi A, Nayeri Fasaei B, Zahraei Salehi T. Induction of specific cell-mediated immune responses and protection in BALB/c mice by vaccination with outer membrane vesicles from a Brucella melitensis human isolate. APMIS 2019; 127:797-804. [PMID: 31514254 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a worldwide bacterial zoonosis caused by Brucella spp. No approved vaccine is available for human use against the disease. In this study, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from a Brucella melitensis biovar 1 human isolate obtained in Iran were used to immunize BALB/c mice (n = 12) by 2 intramuscular injections with a 2-week interval. Another group of 12 mice was used as non-vaccinated controls. Two weeks after the last vaccination, six mice of each group were sacrificed, and proliferation and interferon gamma (IFNγ) production responses of their splenocytes were evaluated following in vitro stimulation with killed Brucella cells. The other mice were challenged with the virulent B. melitensis isolate. Two weeks later, mice were killed and spleens were cultured to determine the number of the challenge strain. The results showed proliferative response and IFNγ production of splenocytes from vaccinated mice (stimulation index: 2.18 ± 0.57, and 1519.35 ± 10.70 pg/mL, respectively) were significantly higher than those of control mice (stimulation index: 1.02 ± 0.02, and 210.01 ± 17.58 pg/mL, respectively). Numbers of the challenge strain in spleens of vaccinated mice were also significantly less than those in the controls with 1.6 units of protection. Our study revealed vaccination with OMVs of the B. melitensis isolate could induce specific immune responses and protection against infection in the mouse model suggesting their potential application for active immunization against brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Bacterial Vaccines, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ramak Yahyaraeyat
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Es-Haghi
- Department of Physicochemistry, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bahar Nayeri Fasaei
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Zahraei Salehi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Amouei A, Sharif M, Sarvi S, Bagheri Nejad R, Aghayan SA, Hashemi-Soteh MB, Mizani A, Hosseini SA, Gholami S, Sadeghi A, Sarafrazi M, Daryani A. Aetiology of livestock fetal mortality in Mazandaran province, Iran. PeerJ 2019; 6:e5920. [PMID: 30687586 PMCID: PMC6340351 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the farming industry, the productivity of livestock herds depends on the fertility efficiency of animals. The accurate diagnosis of a broad range of aetiological agents causing fetal death is often difficult. Our aim was to assess the prevalence rates of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Brucella spp. infections in ruminant abortion using bacteriological culture and molecular techniques in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Samples were collected from 70 aborted sheep, goat, and cattle fetuses between September 2014 and December 2015. Necropsy was performed on all the received samples, and brain tissue and abomasal content were obtained from the aborted fetuses. Protozoan infections were detected by specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial agents using bacteriological examinations and PCR assay. Infectious pathogens were detected in 22 out of 70 (31.4%) examined fetuses. Moreover, T. gondii, N. caninum, and B. melitensis were verified in 13 (18.6%), four (5.7%), and two (2.85%) samples, respectively. Our results showed that infection with the mentioned pathogenic agents may lead to fetal mortality, which can be a major cause of economic loss. The listed pathogens could be considered important etiological agents of fetal loss in Mazandaran Province, for which appropriate control measures such as vaccination and biosecurity can be implemented to prevent infection and reduce reproductive loss in livestock farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Amouei
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sharif
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Brucellosis Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Sargis A Aghayan
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mohammad Bagher Hashemi-Soteh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mizani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Sara Gholami
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- Mazandaran Central Laboratory of Veterinary Organization, Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarafrazi
- Mazandaran Provincial Veterinary Department, Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
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Behroozikhah AM, Bagheri Nejad R, Amiri K, Bahonar AR. Identification at biovar level of Brucella isolates causing abortion in small ruminants of iran. J Pathog 2012; 2012:357235. [PMID: 23251805 PMCID: PMC3515911 DOI: 10.1155/2012/357235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the most prevalent biovar responsible for brucellosis in sheep and goat populations of Iran, a cross-sectional study was carried out over 2 years in six provinces selected based on geography and disease prevalence. Specimens obtained from referred aborted sheep and goat fetuses were cultured on Brucella selective media for microbiological isolation. Brucellae were isolated from 265 fetuses and examined for biovar identification using standard microbiological methods. Results showed that 246 isolates (92.8%) were B. melitensis biovar 1, 18 isolates (6.8%) were B. melitensis biovar 2, and, interestingly, one isolate (0.4%) obtained from Mazandaran province was B. abortus biovar 3. In this study, B. melitensis biovar 3 was isolated in none of the selected provinces, and all isolates from 3 provinces (i.e., Chehar-mahal Bakhtiari, Markazi, and Ilam) were identified only as B. melitensis biovar 1. In conclusion, we found that B. melitensis biovar 1 remains the most prevalent cause of small ruminant brucellosis in various provinces of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Brucellosis Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj 3197619751, Iran
| | - Karim Amiri
- Office of Brucellosis Control and Eradication, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Tehran 1595814111, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Bahonar
- Food Hygiene and Quality Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1419963111, Iran
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Ebrahimi M, Nejad RB, Alamian S, Mokhberalsafa L, Abedini F, Ghaderi R, Jalali HR. Safety and efficacy of reduced doses of Brucella melitensis strain Rev. 1 vaccine in pregnant Iranian fat-tailed ewes. Vet Ital 2012; 48:405-412. [PMID: 23277121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases and is a significant cause of abortion in animals. Brucella melitensis strain Rev. 1 is recommended as the most effective vaccine for small ruminants but the application of full doses in adult animals is restricted. This study was conducted to determine a proper reduced dose of vaccine which confers protection but which is not abortifacient in Iranian fat-tailed sheep. A total of 51 non-vaccinated pregnant ewes were divided into three main groups and several subgroups. Ewes in different groups were vaccinated at different stages of pregnancy and various subgroups were subcutaneously immunised with different quantities of the micro-organism (7.5 × 10(6), 10(6), 5 × 10(5)). Ewes again became pregnant a year later and were challenged with the wild-type strain to evaluate the protection conferred. Results revealed that the proportion of vaccination-induced abortions was significantly higher in ewes immunised with 7.5 × 10(6) Rev. 1 organisms than in those which received 10(6) or 5 × 10(5) bacteria. While 80% of non-vaccinated ewes aborted after challenge, none of the vaccinated ewes aborted post-challenge. This study indicated that a reduced dose of Rev. 1 vaccine containing 10(6) or 5 × 10(5) live cells could be safely used to induce protection in Iranian fat-tailed sheep at various stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimi
- Department of Veterinary Vaccine Release, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, 3197619751 Karaj, Iran.
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