Cavitation and radiofrequency versus cryolipolysis on leptin regulation in central obese subjects: A randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

To investigate the efficacy of adding ultrasound cavitation and radiofrequency versus cryolipolysis to weight reduction program on leptin, insulin, waist circumference, skinfold, body weight in central obese subjects.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Sixty centrally obese participants were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Subjects in the study group (I) received cavitation and radiofrequency plus dietary regimen, subjects in the second study group (II) received cryolipolysis in conjunction with the same diet program, and subjects in the control group (III) received the same dietary regimen only. Leptin, insulin level, waist circumference, skinfold, body weight, and body mass index were measured shortly before intervention techniques and 3 months afterward.

RESULTS

There were no statistically significant differences between cavitation plus radiofrequency and cryolipolysis on leptin and insulin levels after 3 months of intervention. However, statistically significant differences were found in waist circumference, skinfold, weight reduction, and body mass index in favor of the cavitation group (p < 0.05). In addition, both cavitation-radiofrequency and cryolipolysis were statistically significantly different than the diet alone in favor of the study groups (p < 0.05) in all the outcome measures. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences in all outcome measures (p < 0.05) when comparing the baseline and postintervention results in each group except for leptin level in the diet group (p = 0.14).

CONCLUSION

Subjects who underwent cavitation plus radiofrequency had better improvement on waist circumference, skinfold, and body mass index than subjects who received cryolipolysis. However, no differences were found between cavitation plus radiofrequency and cryolipolysis on leptin and insulin levels.

Assessment of lncRNA GAS5, lncRNA HEIH, lncRNA BISPR and its mRNA BST2 as serum innovative non-invasive biomarkers: Recent insights into Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus type 4

BACKGROUND

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and its consequent complications are undeniably a public health burden worldwide, particularly in Egypt. Emerging evidence suggests that many lncRNAs have relevant roles in viral infections and antiviral responses.

AIM

To investigate the expression profiles of circulating lncRNAGAS5, lncRNAHEIH, lncRNABISPR and mRNABST2 in naïve, treated and relapsed HCV Egyptian patients, to elucidate relation to HCV infection and their efficacy as innovative biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCV GT4.

METHODS

One hundred and thirty HCV-infected Egyptian patients and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum lncRNAs and mRNABST2 were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

RESULTS

Our results indicated that serum lncRNAGAS5 and LncRNABISPR were upregulated, whereas mRNA BST2 and LncRNA HEIH were downregulated in naïve patients. In contrast, HCV patients treated with sofosbuvir and simeprevir; with sofosbuvir and daclatasvir; or with sofosbuvir, daclatasvir and ribavirin exhibited lower levels of lncRNAGAS5 and lncRNABISPR with higher mRNABST2 compared to naïve patients. Notably, patients relapsed from sofosbuvir and simeprevir showed higher levels of these lncRNAs with lower mRNABST2 compared to treated patients. LncRNAGAS5 and lncRNABISPR were positively correlated with viral load and ALT at P < 0.001, whereas mRNABST2 was negatively correlated with viral load at P < 0.001 and ALT at P < 0.05. Interestingly, a significant positive correlation between lncRNA HEIH and AFP was observed at P < 0.001.

CONCLUSION

Differential expression of these RNAs suggests their involvement in HCV pathogenesis or antiviral response and highlights their promising roles in diagnosis and prognosis of HCV.