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Ramon D, Morick D, Croot P, Berzak R, Scheinin A, Tchernov D, Davidovich N, Britzi M. A survey of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and lead residues in seafood (fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods) from the south-eastern Mediterranean Sea. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1153-1161. [PMID: 33580563 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Seafood is capable of bioaccumulating heavy metals (HM), making it a potentially major dietary source of HM for humans. Presently, little data exists on seafood from the eastern-most boundary of the Mediterranean Sea. This study aims to provide exposure insight of the Israeli population to HM through the consumption of locally caught seafood by assessing the levels of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and lead in raw tissues of seafood. A wide survey of local fisheries was conducted providing 296 samples from 11 different species, including seven fish, two crustacean, and two cephalopod species. Total arsenic, cadmium, and lead were analyzed by graphite-furnace atomic absorption. Total mercury was measured by cold-vapor mercury analyzer. Arsenic speciation was performed by anion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry. Results suggested that the total arsenic concentrations were significantly higher in crustaceans and cephalopods than fish. Arsenic speciation revealed two samples that exceed 1 mg/kg of inorganic arsenic, whereas methylated arsenic was below the detection limit. Elevated mercury levels were detected in the commercial benthic species Mullus barbatus (red mullet), cadmium was detected in one-third of the samples, and lead detected in eight samples. Comparing the results to health guidelines, 99.4% of seafood tested in this study abide with acceptable levels of heavy metals in seafood, as defined by both Israeli and European Union guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Ramon
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Danny Morick
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Croot
- Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Science and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Ran Berzak
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Aviad Scheinin
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Dan Tchernov
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Malka Britzi
- National Residue Control Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, 5025001, Israel
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Regev Y, Davidovich N, Berzak R, Lau SCK, Scheinin AP, Tchernov D, Morick D. Correction: Regev, Y., et al. Molecular Identification and Characterization of Vibrio Species and Mycobacterium Species in Wild and Cultured Marine Fish from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 863. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081153. [PMID: 32751418 PMCID: PMC7463610 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We would like to change the authors' affiliation of paper [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Regev
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (Y.R.); (R.B.); (A.P.S.); (D.T.)
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | | | - Ran Berzak
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (Y.R.); (R.B.); (A.P.S.); (D.T.)
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Stanley C. K. Lau
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;
| | - Aviad P. Scheinin
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (Y.R.); (R.B.); (A.P.S.); (D.T.)
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Dan Tchernov
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (Y.R.); (R.B.); (A.P.S.); (D.T.)
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Danny Morick
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (Y.R.); (R.B.); (A.P.S.); (D.T.)
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Meron D, Davidovich N, Ofek‐Lalzar M, Berzak R, Scheinin A, Regev Y, Diga R, Tchernov D, Morick D. Specific pathogens and microbial abundance within liver and kidney tissues of wild marine fish from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:770-780. [PMID: 32059079 PMCID: PMC7111072 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is an initial description and discussion of the kidney and liver microbial communities of five common fish species sampled from four sites along the Eastern Mediterranean Sea shoreline. The goals of the present study were to establish a baseline dataset of microbial communities associated with the tissues of wild marine fish, in order to examine species-specific microbial characteristics and to screen for candidate pathogens. This issue is especially relevant due to the development of mariculture farms and the possible transmission of pathogens from wild to farmed fish and vice versa. Although fish were apparently healthy, 16S rRNA NGS screening identified three potential fish bacterial pathogens: Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio harveyi and Streptococcus iniae. Based on the distribution patterns and relative abundance, 16 samples were classified as potential pathogenic bacteria-infected samples (PPBIS). Hence, PPBIS prevalence was significantly higher in kidneys than in liver samples and variation was found between the fish species. Significant differences were observed between fish species, organs and sites, indicating the importance of the environmental conditions on the fish microbiome. We applied a consistent sampling and analytical method for monitoring in long-term surveys which may be incorporated within other marine fish pathogens surveys around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalit Meron
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | | | | | - Ran Berzak
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Aviad Scheinin
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Yael Regev
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Rei Diga
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Dan Tchernov
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Danny Morick
- Morris Kahn Marine Research StationDepartment of Marine BiologyLeon H. Charney School of Marine SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
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Berzak R, Scheinin A, Davidovich N, Regev Y, Diga R, Tchernov D, Morick D. Prevalence of nervous necrosis virus (NNV) and Streptococcus species in wild marine fish and crustaceans from the Levantine Basin, Mediterranean Sea. Dis Aquat Organ 2019; 133:7-17. [PMID: 30997880 DOI: 10.3354/dao03339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases in marine animals have ecological, socio-economic and environmental impacts. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) and Streptococcus iniae have become major threats to marine aquaculture and have been detected in morbid marine organisms worldwide. However, despite their importance, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the prevalence of these pathogens in wild fish species. Here we sampled indigenous and Lessepsian species from different trophic levels and different biological niches in the eastern Mediterranean. A total of 174 fish and 32 crustaceans were tested for S. iniae and a total of 195 fish and 33 crustaceans were tested for NNV. We found an overall prevalence of 9.71% Streptococcus spp. and 21.49% NNV in selected marine fish and crustaceans by PCR and qPCR. In fish, the zoonotic agent S. iniae was detected at a higher prevalence in kidney compared to liver tissue. Co-infection by both pathogens was detected only in 5 specimens. We also examined gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata from an Israeli offshore marine farm during the grow-out period, in order to assess the possibility of horizontal pathogen transmission from wild to maricultured fish. Three out of 15 (20%) fish were found to be NNV positive after 120 d in the sea, suggesting spontaneous transmission from wild to farmed fish. Our findings suggest that more surveys should be conducted, especially in areas were mariculture farms are planned to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Berzak
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, 3498838, Israel
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