1
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Perez-Corredor P, Vanderleest TE, Vacano GN, Sanchez JS, Villalba-Moreno ND, Marino C, Krasemann S, Mendivil-Perez MA, Aguillón D, Jiménez-Del-Río M, Baena A, Sepulveda-Falla D, Lopera F, Quiroz YT, Arboleda-Velasquez JF, Mazzarino RC. APOE3 Christchurch modulates β-catenin/Wnt signaling in iPS cell-derived cerebral organoids from Alzheimer's cases. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1373568. [PMID: 38571814 PMCID: PMC10987717 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1373568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A patient with the PSEN1 E280A mutation and homozygous for APOE3 Christchurch (APOE3Ch) displayed extreme resistance to Alzheimer's disease (AD) cognitive decline and tauopathy, despite having a high amyloid burden. To further investigate the differences in biological processes attributed to APOE3Ch, we generated induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cerebral organoids from this resistant case and a non-protected control, using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to modulate APOE3Ch expression. In the APOE3Ch cerebral organoids, we observed a protective pattern from early tau phosphorylation. ScRNA sequencing revealed regulation of Cadherin and Wnt signaling pathways by APOE3Ch, with immunostaining indicating elevated β-catenin protein levels. Further in vitro reporter assays unexpectedly demonstrated that ApoE3Ch functions as a Wnt3a signaling enhancer. This work uncovered a neomorphic molecular mechanism of protection of ApoE3 Christchurch, which may serve as the foundation for the future development of protected case-inspired therapeutics targeting AD and tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Perez-Corredor
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timothy E. Vanderleest
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Justin S. Sanchez
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nelson D. Villalba-Moreno
- Molecular Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease, Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Marino
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - David Aguillón
- The Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Ana Baena
- The Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diego Sepulveda-Falla
- Molecular Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease, Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Lopera
- The Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Yakeel T. Quiroz
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- The Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph F. Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Randall C. Mazzarino
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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2
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Lopera F, Marino C, Chandrahas AS, O'Hare M, Villalba-Moreno ND, Aguillon D, Baena A, Sanchez JS, Vila-Castelar C, Ramirez Gomez L, Chmielewska N, Oliveira GM, Littau JL, Hartmann K, Park K, Krasemann S, Glatzel M, Schoemaker D, Gonzalez-Buendia L, Delgado-Tirado S, Arevalo-Alquichire S, Saez-Torres KL, Amarnani D, Kim LA, Mazzarino RC, Gordon H, Bocanegra Y, Villegas A, Gai X, Bootwalla M, Ji J, Shen L, Kosik KS, Su Y, Chen Y, Schultz A, Sperling RA, Johnson K, Reiman EM, Sepulveda-Falla D, Arboleda-Velasquez JF, Quiroz YT. Resilience to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease in a Reelin-COLBOS heterozygous man. Nat Med 2023; 29:1243-1252. [PMID: 37188781 PMCID: PMC10202812 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We characterized the world's second case with ascertained extreme resilience to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). Side-by-side comparisons of this male case and the previously reported female case with ADAD homozygote for the APOE3 Christchurch (APOECh) variant allowed us to discern common features. The male remained cognitively intact until 67 years of age despite carrying a PSEN1-E280A mutation. Like the APOECh carrier, he had extremely elevated amyloid plaque burden and limited entorhinal Tau tangle burden. He did not carry the APOECh variant but was heterozygous for a rare variant in RELN (H3447R, termed COLBOS after the Colombia-Boston biomarker research study), a ligand that like apolipoprotein E binds to the VLDLr and APOEr2 receptors. RELN-COLBOS is a gain-of-function variant showing stronger ability to activate its canonical protein target Dab1 and reduce human Tau phosphorylation in a knockin mouse. A genetic variant in a case protected from ADAD suggests a role for RELN signaling in resilience to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Lopera
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Claudia Marino
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anita S Chandrahas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael O'Hare
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David Aguillon
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana Baena
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Justin S Sanchez
- Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clara Vila-Castelar
- Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liliana Ramirez Gomez
- Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Chmielewska
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabriel M Oliveira
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Lisa Littau
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Hartmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kyungeun Park
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Schoemaker
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucia Gonzalez-Buendia
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Santiago Delgado-Tirado
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Said Arevalo-Alquichire
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kahira L Saez-Torres
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dhanesh Amarnani
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo A Kim
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randall C Mazzarino
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harper Gordon
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yamile Bocanegra
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andres Villegas
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Xiaowu Gai
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Moiz Bootwalla
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jianling Ji
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lishuang Shen
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth S Kosik
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Molecular Cellular Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yi Su
- The Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yinghua Chen
- The Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Aaron Schultz
- Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith Johnson
- Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- The Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona State University, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Diego Sepulveda-Falla
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
- Department of Neurology at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Mazzarino RC, Perez-Corredor P, Vanderleest TE, Vacano GN, Sanchez JS, Villalba-Moreno ND, Krausemann S, Mendivil-Perez MA, Aguillón D, Jimenez-Del-Río M, Baena A, Sepulveda-Falla D, Lopera FJ, Quiroz YT, Arboleda-Velasquez JF. APOE3 Christchurch modulates tau phosphorylation and β-catenin/Wnt/Cadherin signaling in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids from Alzheimer's cases. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.11.523290. [PMID: 36712026 PMCID: PMC9882052 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.11.523290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. APOE3 Christchurch (R136S, APOE3Ch ) variant homozygosity was reported in an individual with extreme resistance to autosomal dominant AD due to the PSEN1 E280A mutation. This subject had a delayed clinical age at onset and resistance to tauopathy and neurodegeneration despite extremely high amyloid plaque burden. We established induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cerebral organoids from this resistant case and from a non-protected kindred control (with PSEN1 E280A and APOE3/3 ). We used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to successfully remove the APOE3Ch to wild type in iPS cells from the protected case and to introduce the APOE3Ch as homozygote in iPS cells from the non-protected case to examine causality. We found significant reduction of tau phosphorylation (pTau 202/205 and pTau396) in cerebral organoids with the APOE3Ch variant, consistent with the strikingly reduced tau pathology found in the resistant case. We identified Cadherin and Wnt pathways as signaling mechanisms regulated by the APOE3Ch variant through single cell RNA sequencing in cerebral organoids. We also identified elevated β-catenin protein, a regulator of tau phosphorylation, as a candidate mediator of APOE3Ch resistance to tauopathy. Our findings show that APOE3Ch is necessary and sufficient to confer resistance to tauopathy in an experimental ex-vivo model establishing a foundation for the development of novel, protected case-inspired therapeutics for tauopathies, including Alzheimer's.
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Mazzarino RC, Baresova V, Zikánová M, Duval N, Wilkinson TG, Patterson D, Vacano GN. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of crGART, a novel cell model of de novo purine synthesis deficiency: Alterations in CD36 expression and activity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247227. [PMID: 34283828 PMCID: PMC8291708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, GART [phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.2) / phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase (EC 6.3.4.13) / phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase (EC 6.3.3.1)] is a trifunctional protein which catalyzes the second, third, and fifth reactions of the ten step de novo purine synthesis (DNPS) pathway. The second step of DNPS is conversion of phosphoribosylamine (5-PRA) to glycineamide ribonucleotide (GAR). 5-PRA is extremely unstable under physiological conditions and is unlikely to accumulate in the absence of GART activity. Recently, a HeLa cell line null mutant for GART was constructed via CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis. This cell line, crGART, is an important cellular model of DNPS inactivation that does not accumulate DNPS pathway intermediates. In the current study, we characterized the crGART versus HeLa transcriptomes in purine-supplemented and purine-depleted growth conditions. We observed multiple transcriptome changes and discuss pathways and ontologies particularly relevant to Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome. We selected the Cluster of Differentiation (CD36) gene for initial analysis based on its elevated expression in crGART versus HeLa as well as its high basal expression, high log2 value, and minimal P-value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall C. Mazzarino
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Veronika Baresova
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Zikánová
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nathan Duval
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Terry G. Wilkinson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - David Patterson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Guido N. Vacano
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
We are currently experiencing a deadly novel viral pandemic with no efficacious, readily available anti-viral therapies to SARS-CoV-2. Viruses will hijack host cellular machinery, including metabolic processes. Here, I provide theory and evidence for targeting the host de novo purine synthetic pathway for broad spectrum anti-viral drug development as well as the pursuit of basic science to mitigate the risks of future novel viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall C. Mazzarino
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear Infirmary and the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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6
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Mazzarino RC, Baresova V, Zikánová M, Duval N, Wilkinson TG, Patterson D, Vacano GN. The CRISPR-Cas9 crATIC HeLa transcriptome: Characterization of a novel cellular model of ATIC deficiency and ZMP accumulation. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 25:100642. [PMID: 32939338 PMCID: PMC7479443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In de novo purine biosynthesis (DNPS), 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.3)/inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.10) (ATIC) catalyzes the last two reactions of the pathway: conversion of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide [aka Z-nucleotide monophosphate (ZMP)] to 5-formamido-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleotide (FAICAR) then to inosine monophosphate (IMP). Mutations in ATIC cause an untreatable and devastating inborn error of metabolism in humans. ZMP is an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) mimetic and a known activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Recently, a HeLa cell line null mutant for ATIC was constructed via CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis. This mutant, crATIC, accumulates ZMP during purine starvation. Given that the mutant can accumulate ZMP in the absence of treatment with exogenous compounds, crATIC is likely an important cellular model of DNPS inactivation and ZMP accumulation. In the current study, we characterize the crATIC transcriptome versus the HeLa transcriptome in purine-supplemented and purine-depleted growth conditions. We report and discuss transcriptome changes with particular relevance to Alzheimer's disease and in genes relevant to lipid and fatty acid synthesis, neurodevelopment, embryogenesis, cell cycle maintenance and progression, extracellular matrix, immune function, TGFβ and other cellular processes.
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Key Words
- 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside, (AICAr)
- 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase, (ATIC)
- 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, (ZMP)
- 5-formamido-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleotide, (FAICAR)
- AICA-ribosiduria
- AMP-activated protein kinase, (AMPK)
- Alzheimer's disease
- Development
- Purine synthesis
- RNA-seq
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 and 2, (TSC1 and TSC2)
- adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, (APRT)
- adenosine monophosphate, (AMP)
- adenosine triphosphate, (ATP)
- adenylosuccinate lyase, (ADSL)
- arachidonic acid, (AA)
- cyclooxygenase, (COX)
- cytochrome, P450 (CYP)
- cytosolic phospholipase A2, (cPLA2)
- de novo purine synthesis, (DNPS)
- differentially expressed gene, (DEG)
- false discovery rate, (FDR)
- fatty acid amide hydrolase, (FAAH)
- fetal calf macroserum, (FCM)
- fetal calf serum, (FCS)
- fragments per kilobase of exon per million reads mapped, (FPKM)
- gene ontology, (GO)
- guanosine monophosphate, (GMP)
- inosine monophosphate, (IMP)
- interferon, (INF)
- lipoxygenase, (LOX)
- mammalian Target of Rapamycin, (mTOR)
- minus adenine crATIC to minus adenine WT comparison, (MM)
- phospholipase, (PLA)
- phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, (PRPP)
- phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase/phosphoribosylaminoimidazole succinocarboxamide synthetase, (PAICS)
- plus adenine crATIC to plus adenine WT comparison, (PP)
- xanthine monophosphate, (XMP)
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall C Mazzarino
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Veronika Baresova
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Zikánová
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nathan Duval
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Terry G Wilkinson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - David Patterson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Guido N Vacano
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA.,Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
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7
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Koza LA, Winter AN, Holsopple J, Baybayon-Grandgeorge AN, Pena C, Olson JR, Mazzarino RC, Patterson D, Linseman DA. Protocatechuic Acid Extends Survival, Improves Motor Function, Diminishes Gliosis, and Sustains Neuromuscular Junctions in the hSOD1 G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061824. [PMID: 32570926 PMCID: PMC7353311 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disorder characterized by motor neuron apoptosis and subsequent skeletal muscle atrophy caused by oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Anthocyanins are polyphenolic compounds found in berries that possess neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid metabolite of the parent anthocyanin, kuromanin, found in blackberries and bilberries. We explored the therapeutic effects of PCA in a transgenic mouse model of ALS that expresses mutant human Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase 1 with a glycine to alanine substitution at position 93. These mice display skeletal muscle atrophy, hindlimb weakness, and weight loss. Disease onset occurs at approximately 90 days old and end stage is reached at approximately 120 days old. Daily treatment with PCA (100 mg/kg) by oral gavage beginning at disease onset significantly extended survival (121 days old in untreated vs. 133 days old in PCA-treated) and preserved skeletal muscle strength and endurance as assessed by grip strength testing and rotarod performance. Furthermore, PCA reduced astrogliosis and microgliosis in spinal cord, protected spinal motor neurons from apoptosis, and maintained neuromuscular junction integrity in transgenic mice. PCA lengthens survival, lessens the severity of pathological symptoms, and slows disease progression in this mouse model of ALS. Given its significant preclinical therapeutic effects, PCA should be further investigated as a treatment option for patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia A. Koza
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Aimee N. Winter
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Jessica Holsopple
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Angela N. Baybayon-Grandgeorge
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Claudia Pena
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Olson
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Randall C. Mazzarino
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - David Patterson
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, 2101 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Daniel A. Linseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, 2101 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(303)-871-4663
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Mazzarino RC, Baresova V, Zikánová M, Duval N, Wilkinson TG, Patterson D, Vacano GN. The CRISPR-Cas9 crADSL HeLa transcriptome: A first step in establishing a model for ADSL deficiency and SAICAR accumulation. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 21:100512. [PMID: 31516833 PMCID: PMC6731210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) catalyzes two steps in de novo purine synthesis (DNPS). Mutations in ADSL can result in inborn errors of metabolism characterized by developmental delay and disorder phenotypes, with no effective treatment options. Recently, SAICAR, a metabolic substrate of ADSL, has been found to have alternative roles in the cell, complicating the role of ADSL. crADSL, a CRISPR KO of ADSL in HeLa cells, was constructed to investigate DNPS and ADSL in a human cell line. Here we employ this cell line in an RNA-seq analysis to initially investigate the effect of DNPS and ADSL deficiency on the transcriptome as a first step in establishing a cellular model of ADSL deficiency. We report transcriptome changes in genes relevant to development, vascular development, muscle, and cancer biology, which provide interesting avenues for future research.
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Key Words
- Adenylosuccinate lyase
- Purine synthesis
- RNA-seq
- Transcriptome
- adenosine monophosphate, (AMP)
- adenylosuccinate lyase, (ADSL)
- aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide, (AICAR)
- de novo purine synthesis, (DNPS)
- differentially expressed gene, (DEG)
- false discovery rate, (FDR)
- fetal calf macroserum, (FCM)
- fragments per kilobase of exon per million reads mapped, (FPKM)
- gene ontology, (GO)
- guanosine monophosphate, (GMP)
- minus adenine crADSL to minus adenine WT comparison, (MM)
- phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, (PRPP)
- phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide, (SAICAR)
- plus adenine crADSL to plus adenine WT comparison, (PP)
- succinyladenosine monophosphate, (SAMP)
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall C. Mazzarino
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Veronika Baresova
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Zikánová
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nathan Duval
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Terry G. Wilkinson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - David Patterson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Guido N. Vacano
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Avenue, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
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