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Shinoda K, Eamrat R, Tsutsumi Y, Rujakom S, Singhopon T, Kamei T, Kazama F. Newly established process combining partial hydrogenotrophic denitrification and anammox for nitrogen removal. Water Sci Technol 2020; 82:1272-1284. [PMID: 33079708 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process holds great promise for treating nitrogen-contaminated water; stable nitrite-nitrogen (NO2 --N) production is significant to anammox performance. In this study, partial hydrogenotrophic denitrification (PHD) was used to stably and efficiently produce NO2 --N from nitrate-nitrogen (NO3 --N). An investigation of the effects of initial pH on the PHD process revealed that a high NO2 --N production efficiency (77.9%) could be ensured by setting an initial pH of 10.5. A combined PHD-anammox process was run for more than three months with maximal ammonium-nitrogen (NH4 +-N), NO3 --N, and total dissolved inorganic nitrogen removal efficiencies of 93.4, 98.0, and 86.9%, respectively. The NO2 --N to NH4 +-N and NO3 --N to NH4 +-N ratios indicated that various bioprocesses were involved in nitrogen removal during the anammox stage, and a 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed to further clarify the composition of microbial communities and mechanisms involved in the nitrogen removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Shinoda
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0016, Japan
| | - Rawintra Eamrat
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand
| | - Yuya Tsutsumi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0016, Japan
| | - Suphatchai Rujakom
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0016, Japan
| | - Tippawan Singhopon
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0016, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Kamei
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0016, Japan E-mail:
| | - Futaba Kazama
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0016, Japan E-mail:
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Kamei T, Eamrat R, Shinoda K, Tanaka Y, Kazama F. Coupled anaerobic ammonium oxidation and hydrogenotrophic denitrification for simultaneous NH 4-N and NO 3-N removal. Water Sci Technol 2019; 79:975-984. [PMID: 31025977 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate removal during anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) treatment is a concern for optimization of the anammox process. This study demonstrated the applicability and long-term stability of the coupled anammox and hydrogenotrophic denitrification (CAHD) process as an alternative method for nitrate removal. Laboratory-scale fixed bed anammox reactors (FBR) supplied with H2 to support denitrification were operated under two types of synthetic water. The FBRs showed simultaneous NH4-N and NO3-N removal, indicating that the CAHD process can support NO3-N removal during the anammox process. Intermittent H2 supply (e.g. 5 mL/min for a 1-L reactor, 14/6-min on/off cycle) helped maintain the CAHD process without deteriorating its performance under long-term operation and resulted in a nitrogen removal rate of 0.21 kg-N/m3/d and ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen removal efficiencies of 73.4%, 80.4%, and 77%, respectively. The microbial community structure related to the CAHD process was not influenced by changes in influent water quality, and included the anammox bacteria 'Candidatus Jettenia' and a Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans-like species as the dominant bacteria even after long-term reactor operation, suggesting that these bacteria are key to the CAHD process. These results indicate that the CAHD process is a promising method for enhancing the efficiency of anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuru Kamei
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi 4-3-11, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan E-mail:
| | - Rawintra Eamrat
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi 4-3-11, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenta Shinoda
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Life and Environment Science, University of Yamanashi 4-4-37, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Life and Environment Science, University of Yamanashi 4-4-37, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Futaba Kazama
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi 4-3-11, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan E-mail: ; Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Life and Environment Science, University of Yamanashi 4-4-37, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
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Pussayanavin T, Koottatep T, Eamrat R, Polprasert C. Enhanced sludge reduction in septic tanks by increasing temperature. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2015; 50:81-89. [PMID: 25438134 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.964633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Septic tanks in most developing countries are constructed without drainage trenches or leaching fields to treat toilet wastewater and /or grey water. Due to the short hydraulic retention time, effluents of these septic tanks are still highly polluted, and there is usually high accumulation of septic tank sludge or septage containing high levels of organics and pathogens that requires frequent desludging and subsequent treatment. This study aimed to reduce sludge accumulation in septic tanks by increasing temperatures of the septic tank content. An experimental study employing two laboratory-scale septic tanks fed with diluted septage and operating at temperatures of 40 and 30°C was conducted. At steady-state conditions, there were more methanogenic activities occurring in the sludge layer of the septic tank operating at the temperature of 40°C, resulting in less total volatile solids (TVS) or sludge accumulation and more methane (CH4) production than in the unit operating at 30°C. Molecular analysis found more abundance and diversity of methanogenic microorganisms in the septic tank sludge operating at 40°C than at 30°C. The reduced TVS accumulation in the 40°C septic tank would lengthen the period of septage removal, resulting in a cost-saving in desluging and septage treatment. Cost-benefit analysis of increasing temperatures in septic tanks was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatchai Pussayanavin
- a Environmental Engineering and Management , School of Environment Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology , Pathumthani , Thailand
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