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Arakaki X, Choy EHY, Arechavala RJ, Nolty A, Spezzaferri M, Sin C, Rising S, Buennagel DP, Molloy C, Fonteh AN, Kloner RA, Kleinman MT. Resting heart rate (variability) predicts cognitive function and suggests different heart‐brain connections in cognitively healthy individuals with abnormal CSF amyloid/tau. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.064297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne Nolty
- Fuller Theological Seminary Pasadena CA USA
| | | | - Caleb Sin
- Fuller Theological Seminary Pasadena CA USA
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Arechavala RJ, Liu A, Rochart R, Kloner R, Fonteh AN, Kleinman MT, Harrington MG, Arakaki X. Task switching challenge to reveal abnormal brain‐heart signatures in cognitively healthy individuals with abnormal CSF amyloid/tau. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.051193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roger Rochart
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
| | - Robert Kloner
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
| | | | | | | | - Xianghong Arakaki
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
- Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
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Arechavala RJ, Rochart R, Kloner RA, Liu A, Wu DA, Hung SM, Shimojo S, Fonteh AN, Kleinman MT, Harrington MG, Arakaki X. Task switching reveals abnormal brain-heart electrophysiological signatures in cognitively healthy individuals with abnormal CSF amyloid/tau, a pilot study. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 170:102-111. [PMID: 34666107 PMCID: PMC8865562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha oscillations have been related to heart rate variability (HRV) and both change in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We explored if task switching reveals altered alpha power and HRV in cognitively healthy individuals with AD pathology in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and whether HRV improves the AD pathology classification by alpha power alone. We compared low and high alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD) and HRV parameters during task switch testing between two groups of cognitively healthy participants classified by CSF amyloid/tau ratio: normal (CH-NAT, n = 19) or pathological (CH-PAT, n = 27). For the task switching paradigm, participants were required to name the color or word for each colored word stimulus, with two sequential stimuli per trial. Trials include color (cC) or word (wW) repeats with low load repeating, and word (cW) or color switch (wC) for high load switching. HRV was assessed for RR interval, standard deviation of RR-intervals (SDNN) and root mean squared successive differences (RMSSD) in time domain, and low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and LF/HF ratio in frequency domain. Results showed that CH-PATs compared to CH-NATs presented: 1) increased (less negative) low alpha ERD during low load repeat trials and lower word switch cost (low alpha: p = 0.008, Cohen’s d = −0.83, 95% confidence interval −1.44 to −0.22, and high alpha: p = 0.019, Cohen’s d = −0.73, 95% confidence interval −1.34 to −0.13); 2) decreasing HRV from rest to task, suggesting hyper-activated sympatho-vagal responses. 3) CH-PATs classification by alpha ERD was improved by supplementing HRV signatures, supporting a potentially compromised brain-heart interoceptive regulation in CH-PATs. Further experiments are needed to validate these findings for clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roger Rochart
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
| | - Robert A Kloner
- Cardiovascular Research, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Anqi Liu
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences (CMS), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Daw-An Wu
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Shao-Min Hung
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Shinsuke Shimojo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alfred N Fonteh
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
| | | | - Michael G Harrington
- Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xianghong Arakaki
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
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Arakaki X, Hung S, Wei K, Tran T, Arechavala RJ, Kleinman MT, Kloner R, Fonteh AN, King K, Harrington MG. A study of alpha desynchronization, heart rate, and MRI during stroop testing unmasks pre‐symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ke Wei
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
| | - Thao Tran
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
| | | | | | - Robert Kloner
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
| | | | - Kevin King
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
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Rochart R, Liu Q, Doyle JC, Arechavala RJ, Kloner R, Kleinman MT, Harrington MG, Arakaki X. Heart rate and blood pressure decreases after a motor task in pre‐symptomatic AD. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Rochart
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
| | - Quanying Liu
- Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - John C Doyle
- California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
| | | | - Robert Kloner
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
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Arechavala RJ, Kloner R, Hung S, Harrington MG, Arakaki X, Kleinman MT. Heart rate variability changes during task shifting testing in pre‐symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.046599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Kloner
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA
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Kleinman MT, Arechavala RJ, Herman D, Shi J, Hasen I, Ting A, Dai W, Carreno J, Chavez J, Zhao L, Kloner RA. E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury Produced in an Animal Model From Electronic Cigarette Vapor Exposure Without Tetrahydrocannabinol or Vitamin E Oil. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e017368. [PMID: 32896206 PMCID: PMC7726988 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury was recognized in the United States in the summer of 2019 and is typified by acute respiratory distress, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, and fever, associated with vaping. It can mimic many of the manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some investigators have suggested that E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury was due to tetrahydrocannabinol or vitamin E acetate oil mixed with the electronic cigarette liquid. In experimental rodent studies initially designed to study the effect of electronic cigarette use on the cardiovascular system, we observed an E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury-like condition that occurred acutely after use of a nichrome heating element at high power, without the use of tetrahydrocannabinol, vitamin E, or nicotine. Lung lesions included thickening of the alveolar wall with foci of inflammation, red blood cell congestion, obliteration of alveolar spaces, and pneumonitis in some cases; bronchi showed accumulation of fibrin, inflammatory cells, and mucus plugs. Electronic cigarette users should be cautioned about the potential danger of operating electronic cigarette units at high settings; the possibility that certain heating elements may be deleterious; and that E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury may not be dependent upon tetrahydrocannabinol, vitamin E, or nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Herman
- Department of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
| | - Jianru Shi
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research InstituteHuntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA
| | - Irene Hasen
- Department of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
| | - Amanda Ting
- Department of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
| | - Wangde Dai
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research InstituteHuntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA
| | - Juan Carreno
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research InstituteHuntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA
| | - Jesus Chavez
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research InstituteHuntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA
| | - Lifu Zhao
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research InstituteHuntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA
| | - Robert A Kloner
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research InstituteHuntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA
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