1
|
Nishimura G, Handa A, Miyazaki O, Tsujioka Y, Murotsuki J, Sawai H, Yamada T, Kozuma Y, Takahashi Y, Ozawa K, Pooh R, Sase M. Prenatal diagnosis of bone dysplasias. Br J Radiol 2023; 96:20221025. [PMID: 37351952 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20221025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone dysplasias are individually rare but collectively common. The prenatal diagnosis of bone dysplasias, especially perinatally lethal dysplasias, is of major interest to obstetric services. The current nosology of genetic skeletal disorders addresses over 400 disorders. However, in clinical practice, we encounter only a limited number of disorders, such as FGFR3-related dysplasias, osteogenesis imperfecta, and type II collagenopathies. The recent development of non-invasive prenatal genetic testing using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal blood samples has had a major impact on the prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases. However, imaging examinations remain critical for the final diagnosis of bone dysplasias because molecular testing only shows genetic variants, and not their pathogenicity - most variants are clinically insignificant. Bone dysplasias are typically suspected when limb shortening is identified by screening ultrasound. Further assessment can be followed by more detailed ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and CT. Based on these data, rational decision-making is feasible, even when the definitive prenatal diagnosis is not feasible. Here, we highlight key images of common bone dysplasias obtained by currently available modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Nishimura
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Handa
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Osamu Miyazaki
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Tsujioka
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Murotsuki
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sawai
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Ethics and Medical Genetics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kozuma
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Saga National Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Takahashi
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Fetal-Maternal Medicine and Obstetrics, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ozawa
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Fetal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ritusuko Pooh
- Japan Forum of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia, Tokyo, Japan
- Fetal Diagnostic Center, CRIFM Prenatal Medical Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi Prefectural Grand Medical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Itoh K, Pooh R, Kanemura Y, Yamasaki M, Fushiki S. Hypoplasia of the spinal cord in a case of foetal akinesia/arthrogryposis sequences. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013; 39:441-4. [PMID: 23421748 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Itoh
- Department of Pathology & Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Itoh K, Ogi H, Yaoi T, Yoshifuji K, Pooh R, Yamasaki M, Fushiki S. Semilobar holoprosencephaly with a unique traversed sylvian sulcus. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2011; 37:685-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2011.01161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|