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Kutbi D, Almalki RS. Valsartan Mitigates the Progression of Methotrexate-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats via the Attenuation of Renal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2233-2243. [PMID: 38623467 PMCID: PMC11017984 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s456610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist, commonly administered for the treatment of a variety of cancers. However, methotrexate toxicity including bone marrow suppression and hepatic and renal toxicity limits its use. Angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers including Valsartan (Val) possess the ability to ameliorate MTX-induced toxicity through various mechanisms. In this study, we explored the potential reno-protective effects of Val against MTX-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly segregated into 3 groups. Group 1 served as the control group and received an oral dose of 1mL/kg of normal saline. Group 2 received a single dose of 20 mg/kg of MTX intraperitoneally (IP) for 5 days. Group 3 received a single IP dose of 20 mg/kg of MTX followed by an oral dose of 10 mg/kg of Valsartan for 5 days. At the end of the experiment, the levels of serum kidney biomarkers, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were accessed. Furthermore, the effect of MTX on kidney tissue histology was examined. Results and discussion Our results showed that MTX treatment increased the level of serum kidney and inflammatory biomarkers and decreased the level of antioxidants SOD and GSH while increasing the lipid peroxidation contents. Furthermore, MTX treatment caused structural changes to kidney histology. However, the administration of Val significantly prevented these changes. Conclusion Valsartan possesses nephroprotective potential and might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy against MTX-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Kutbi
- Department of Pharmacy, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh S Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Rahim M, Imran M, Khan FA, Al-Asmari F, Mosa OF, Almalki RS, Zongo E. Omega-3-Enriched and Oxidative Stable Mayonnaise Formulated with Spray-Dried Microcapsules of Chia and Fish Oil Blends. ACS Omega 2024; 9:8221-8228. [PMID: 38405494 PMCID: PMC10882700 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing demand for nutritious food products that contain specific ingredients, such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). In the case of LCPUFAs, protection against lipid peroxidation is difficult, and microencapsulation emerges as an alternative. The aim of this research work is to develop mayonnaise containing spray-dried microcapsules (SDM). Fortified mayonnaise was developed using various treatments such as (T1) incorporating chia seed oil (CSO), (T2) incorporating fish oil (FO), (T3) incorporating blend of chia and fish oil, (T4) incorporating the SDM of CSO, (T5) incorporating the SDM of FO, and (T6) incorporating the SDM of chia and fish oil blend as well as controls. Thereafter, during the 15-day storage period, the fatty acids (FAs) composition, free fatty acids (FFAs), peroxide value (PV), and sensory properties of fortified mayonnaise were examined every 5 days. The overall results showed that the oxidative stability of mayonnaise formulated with SDM has been improved, and it can be used as a fortifying agent in the processing of many food products. Treatments containing SDM of up to 4% did not differ from the control in sensory analysis. Sensory scores of SDM samples showed a slight decrease in off-flavor scores and were in an acceptable range. Therefore, SDM developed from CSO and FO blends can be recommended for supplementation in different food products for long-time storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
Abdul Rahim
- Department
of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health
Sciences, Times Institute, Multan 60700, Pakistan
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Faima Atta Khan
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- University
Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Punjab 40100, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Al-Asmari
- Department
of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama F. Mosa
- Public
Health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24231, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh S. Almalki
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm AL-Qura University, KSA, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eliasse Zongo
- Laboratoire
de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies
Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
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Almalki RS. The Protective Effect of Roflumilast Against Acute Hepatotoxicity Caused by Methotrexate in Wistar Rats: In vivo Evaluation. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:453-462. [PMID: 38374827 PMCID: PMC10875972 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s438703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most widely used drugs in cancer chemotherapy and treating rheumatoid arthritis. The hepatotoxicity of MTX is one of its major side effects. Roflumilast (ROF) has been recognized to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in in-vivo and in-vitro models. The present study aimed to explore the potential protective effects of roflumilast against MTX-induced liver toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods High dose of 5 mg/kg for 4 consecutive days subcutaneous (S.C) injection of methotrexate for induction of acute liver injury. A total of 24 Wistar rats, rats were used in four different groups. The NS injections were given S.C to the control group once a day for 4 consecutive days. SC injections of MTX (5 mg/kg) were given to the MTX group daily for four days. At 5 mg/kg once daily for four days, the roflumilast group was given daily oral roflumilast. An injection of MTX and oral roflumilast were given to the MTX + roflumilast group once daily for four consecutive days. Results Administration of high dose MTX (5 mg/kg) today 4 produced a significant decrease in hepatic glutathione (GSH) levels and a significant increase in ALT and AST liver enzymes, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor suppressor protein (p53), interleukin 6, interleukin 1 levels compared to the control group. Treatment with roflumilast for 4 days significantly attenuated unfavorable changes in these parameters. According to histopathological findings, Roflumilast significantly reduced MTX-induced inflammation and degeneration in the liver. In conclusion, the findings indicate that roflumilast may have a potential therapeutic benefit in treating rats with MTX-induced liver toxicity by mitigating its effects. Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the potential protective effects of roflumilast against MTX-induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyadh S Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Khan A, Nadeem M, Ullah R, Gulzar N, Al-Asmari F, Imran M, Rahim MA, Zongo E, Hussain I, Tayyab M, Almalki RS. Fatty Acid Composition, Phenolic Compounds, Phytosterols, and Lipid Oxidation of Single- and Double-Fractionated Olein of Safflower Oil Produced by Low-Temperature Crystallization. ACS Omega 2024; 9:6787-6796. [PMID: 38371827 PMCID: PMC10870372 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
By dry crystallization, concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids and bioactive compounds can be increased in olein and super-olein fractions in vegetable oils. Among all sources of vegetable oils, safflower oil (SO) possesses the maximum linoleic acid content. To boost the industrial applications of SO, two variants were produced by single- and two-stage crystallization. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid compositions, phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and oxidative stability of fractionated olein (OF) and double-fractionated olein (DFO) produced by dry crystallization. For this, SO was cooled to -45 °C and filtered, the filtrate was denoted as single-fractionated olein (OF), and 40% of this section was taken for analytical purposes, while the remaining 60% was again cooled to -70 °C and filtered, and the filtrate was denoted as double-fractionated olein (DFO). Unfractionated safflower (SO) was used as a control, filled in amber glass bottles, and stored at 20-25 °C for 90 days. Fatty acid compositions and phytosterols were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Phenolic compounds and induction periods were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Rancimat. GC-MS analysis revealed that the C18:2 contents of SO, OF, and DFO were 77.63 ± 0.82, 81.57 ± 0.44, and 89.26 ± 0.48 mg/100 g (p < 0.05), respectively. The C18:1 contents of SO, OF, and DFO were 6.38 ± 0.19, 7.36 ± 0.24, and 9.74 ± 0.32 mg/100 g (p < 0.05), respectively. HPLC analysis showed that phenolic compounds were concentrated in the low-melting-point fractions. In DFO, concentrations of tyrosol, rutin, vanillin, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid were 57.36 ± 0.12, 129.45 ± 0.38, 165.11 ± 0.55, 183.61 ± 0.15, 65.94 ± 0.11, and 221.75 ± 0.29 mg/100 g, respectively. In SO, concentrations of tyrosol, rutin, vanillin, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid were 24.79 ± 0.08, 78.93 ± 0.25, 115.67 ± 0.41, 34.89 ± 0.51, and 137.26 ± 0.08 mg/100 g, respectively. In OF, concentrations of tyrosol, rutin, vanillin, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid were 35.96 ± 0.20, 98.69 ± 0.64, 149.14 ± 0.13, 57.53 ± 0.74, and 188.28 ± 0.82 mg/100 g, respectively. The highest concentrations of brassicasterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, avenasterol, stigmastenol, and avenasterol were noted in DFO followed by OF and SO. The total antioxidant capacities of SO, OF, and DFO were 54.78 ± 0.12, 71.36 ± 0.58, and 86.44 ± 0.28%, respectively. After the end of the storage time, the peroxide values (POVs) of SO, OF, and DFO stored for 3 months were 0.68, 0.85, and 1.16 mequiv O2/kg, respectively, with no difference in the free fatty acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Khan
- Department
of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary
and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department
of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary
and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Ullah
- Faculty
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University
of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ismail Khan 29111, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Gulzar
- Department
of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary
and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Al-Asmari
- Department
of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rahim
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department
of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health
Sciences, Times Institute, Multan 59300, Pakistan
| | - Eliasse Zongo
- Laboratoire
de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies
Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Imtiaz Hussain
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), Azad Jammu and Kashmir 10250, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Riyadh S. Almalki
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
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Alam MA, Roy S, Rahman MA, Islam MR, Rahman MM, Obaidullah AJ, Farid MN, Rahman MM, Islam MR, Mozumder SN, Almalki RS, Gaber A, Hossain A. Study on the genetic variability and adaptability of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes for development of desirable cultivars. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297202. [PMID: 38241307 PMCID: PMC10798502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Turmeric, a globally cultivated spice, holds significance in medicine, and cosmetics, and is also a very popular ingredient in South Asian cuisine. A study involving 53 turmeric genotypes evaluated for rhizome yield and related traits at Spices Research Center, Bogura, Bangladesh over three years (2019-22). A randomized complete block design was followed with two replications. ANOVA revealed significant trait variations among genotypes. Genotype T0015 emerged as the highest yielder at 28.04 t/ha. High heritability (0.58-0.99) and genetic advance characterized plant height (PH), mother rhizome weight (WMR), primary and secondary finger weights (WPF and WSF), and yield per plant (YPP) across seasons. Genetic gain (GG) was prominent in these traits. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient variations (GCV and PCV) (6.24-89.46 and 8.18-90.88, respectively) across three years highlighted mother rhizome weight's importance followed by numbers of primary finger (NPF), and WPF. Positive and significant correlations, especially with PH, WMR, WPF, and YPP, emphasized their relevance to fresh yield (FY). Multiple linear regression identified PH, number of mother rhizome (NMR) and WMR as key contributors, explaining 37-79% of FY variability. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes into five clusters with maximum distance observed between clusters II and III. The geometric adaptability index (GAI) assessed adaptability and superiority, revealing nine genotypes outperforming the best existing cultivar. Genotype T0117 as the top performer based on GAI, followed by T0103 and T0094. Mean rank analysis favoured T0121 as the best performer, succeeded by T0117, T0082 and T0106. The top ten genotypes (T0015, T0061, T0082, T0085, T0094, T0103, T0106, T0117, T0121 and T0129) were identified as superior based on yield and overall ranking, warranting further evaluation. These findings may induce a window for improving turmeric research and ultimately play a role in enhancing its cultivation and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ashraful Alam
- Plant Breeding Division, Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogura, Bangladesh
| | - Srabanti Roy
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Atikur Rahman
- Division of Soil Science, Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogura, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riazul Islam
- Plant Pathology Division, Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Magura, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mushfiqur Rahman
- Division of Horticulture, Spices Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Faridpur, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Jafor Obaidullah
- Division of Horticulture, Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Magura, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nasirul Farid
- Division of Horticulture, Spices Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Lalmonirhat, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Marufur Rahman
- Regional Station, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition, Pirganj, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rafiqul Islam
- Division of Agronomy, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishwardi, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Shailendra Nath Mozumder
- Division of Horticulture, Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogura, Bangladesh
| | - Riyadh S. Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm AL-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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Almalki RS, Eweis H, Kamal F, Kutbi D. Methotrexate Toxicity: Molecular Mechanisms and Management. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i49b33357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is the most widely used drug in cancer chemotherapy and is considered to be the first-line drug for the treatment of a number of rheumatic and non-rheumatic disorders. The pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity of MTX are two of its major side effects. Other toxicities such as endocrinological toxicity, GI toxicity, cutaneous toxicity, hematological toxicity, fatal malfunction or loss, and malignancy can also occur, but at a significantly lower rate of prevalence. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of methotrexate toxic effects and Lastly, we discussed the management of this toxicity.
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