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Ringold S, Hendrickson A, Abramson L, Beukelman T, Blier PR, Bohnsack J, Chalom EC, Gewanter HL, Gottlieb B, Hollister R, Hsu J, Hudgins A, Ilowite NT, Klein-Gitelman M, Lindsley C, Lopez Benitez JM, Lovell DJ, Mason T, Milojevic D, Moorthy LN, Nanda K, Onel K, Prahalad S, Rabinovich CE, Ray L, Rouster-Stevens K, Ruth N, Shishov M, Spalding S, Syed R, Stoll M, Vehe RK, Weiss JE, White AJ, Wallace CA, Sobel RE. Novel Method to Collect Medication Adverse Events in Juvenile Arthritis: Results From the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Enhanced Drug Safety Surveillance Project. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2015; 67:529-37. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.22487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ringold
- Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute; Seattle Washington
| | | | | | | | - Peter R. Blier
- Baystate Children's Hospital, Springfield, and Tufts University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Beth Gottlieb
- Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York; New Hyde Park
| | | | - Joyce Hsu
- Stanford University Medical Center; Stanford California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Diana Milojevic
- Floating Hospital for Children, Tufts Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Lakshmi N. Moorthy
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University; New Brunswick New Jersey
| | - Kabita Nanda
- Comer Children's Hospital, University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois
| | - Karen Onel
- Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Sampath Prahalad
- Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia
| | | | | | - Kelly Rouster-Stevens
- Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Natasha Ruth
- The Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston
| | | | | | - Reema Syed
- Saint Louis University; St. Louis Missouri
| | | | | | | | | | - Carol A. Wallace
- Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute; Seattle Washington
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Mina R, von Scheven E, Ardoin SP, Eberhard BA, Punaro M, Ilowite N, Hsu J, Klein-Gitelman M, Moorthy LN, Muscal E, Radhakrishna SM, Wagner-Weiner L, Adams M, Blier P, Buckley L, Chalom E, Chédeville G, Eichenfield A, Fish N, Henrickson M, Hersh AO, Hollister R, Jones O, Jung L, Levy D, Lopez-Benitez J, McCurdy D, Miettunen PM, Quintero-del Rio AI, Rothman D, Rullo O, Ruth N, Schanberg LE, Silverman E, Singer NG, Soep J, Syed R, Vogler LB, Yalcindag A, Yildirim-Toruner C, Wallace CA, Brunner HI. Consensus treatment plans for induction therapy of newly diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2012. [PMID: 22162255 DOI: 10.1002/acr.21558.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To formulate consensus treatment plans (CTPs) for induction therapy of newly diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS A structured consensus formation process was employed by the members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance after considering the existing medical evidence and current treatment approaches. RESULTS After an initial Delphi survey (response rate = 70%), a 2-day consensus conference, and 2 followup Delphi surveys (response rates = 63-79%), consensus was achieved for a limited set of CTPs addressing the induction therapy of proliferative LN. These CTPs were developed for prototypical patients defined by eligibility characteristics, and included immunosuppressive therapy with either mycophenolic acid orally twice per day, or intravenous cyclophosphamide once per month at standardized dosages for 6 months. Additionally, the CTPs describe 3 options for standardized use of glucocorticoids, including a primarily oral, a mixed oral/intravenous, and a primarily intravenous regimen. There was consensus on measures of effectiveness and safety of the CTPs. The CTPs were well accepted by the pediatric rheumatology providers treating children with LN, and up to 300 children per year in North America are expected to be candidates for the treatment with the CTPs. CONCLUSION CTPs for induction therapy of proliferative LN in juvenile SLE based on the available scientific evidence and pediatric rheumatology group experience have been developed. Consistent use of the CTPs may improve the prognosis of proliferative LN, and support the conduct of comparative effectiveness studies aimed at optimizing therapeutic strategies for proliferative LN in juvenile SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Mina
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Mina R, von Scheven E, Ardoin SP, Eberhard BA, Punaro M, Ilowite N, Hsu J, Klein-Gitelman M, Moorthy LN, Muscal E, Radhakrishna SM, Wagner-Weiner L, Adams M, Blier P, Buckley L, Chalom E, Chédeville G, Eichenfield A, Fish N, Henrickson M, Hersh AO, Hollister R, Jones O, Jung L, Levy D, Lopez-Benitez J, McCurdy D, Miettunen PM, Quintero-del Rio AI, Rothman D, Rullo O, Ruth N, Schanberg LE, Silverman E, Singer NG, Soep J, Syed R, Vogler LB, Yalcindag A, Yildirim-Toruner C, Wallace CA, Brunner HI. Consensus treatment plans for induction therapy of newly diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2012; 64:375-83. [PMID: 22162255 DOI: 10.1002/acr.21558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To formulate consensus treatment plans (CTPs) for induction therapy of newly diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS A structured consensus formation process was employed by the members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance after considering the existing medical evidence and current treatment approaches. RESULTS After an initial Delphi survey (response rate = 70%), a 2-day consensus conference, and 2 followup Delphi surveys (response rates = 63-79%), consensus was achieved for a limited set of CTPs addressing the induction therapy of proliferative LN. These CTPs were developed for prototypical patients defined by eligibility characteristics, and included immunosuppressive therapy with either mycophenolic acid orally twice per day, or intravenous cyclophosphamide once per month at standardized dosages for 6 months. Additionally, the CTPs describe 3 options for standardized use of glucocorticoids, including a primarily oral, a mixed oral/intravenous, and a primarily intravenous regimen. There was consensus on measures of effectiveness and safety of the CTPs. The CTPs were well accepted by the pediatric rheumatology providers treating children with LN, and up to 300 children per year in North America are expected to be candidates for the treatment with the CTPs. CONCLUSION CTPs for induction therapy of proliferative LN in juvenile SLE based on the available scientific evidence and pediatric rheumatology group experience have been developed. Consistent use of the CTPs may improve the prognosis of proliferative LN, and support the conduct of comparative effectiveness studies aimed at optimizing therapeutic strategies for proliferative LN in juvenile SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Mina
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Dunand FA, Tóth E, Hollister R, Merbach AE. Lipari-Szabo approach as a tool for the analysis of macromolecular gadolinium(III)-based MRI contrast agents illustrated by the [Gd(EGTA-BA-(CH2)12)]nn+ polymer. J Biol Inorg Chem 2001; 6:247-55. [PMID: 11315560 DOI: 10.1007/s007750000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The parameters governing the water proton relaxivity of the [Gd(EGTA-BA-(CH2)12)]nn+ polymeric complex were determined through global analysis of 17O NMR, EPR and nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) data [EGTA-BA2- = 3,12-bis(carbamoylmethyl)- 6,9-dioxa-3,12-diazatetradecanedioate(2-)]. The Lipari-Szabo approach that distinguishes the global motion of the polymer (tau g) from the local motion of the Gd(III)-water vector (tau l) was necessary to describe the 1H and 17O longitudinal relaxation rates; therefore for the first time it was included in the global simultaneous analysis of the EPR, 17O NMR and NMRD data. The polymer consists on average of only five monomeric units, which limits the intramolecular hydrophobic interactions operating between the (CH2)12 groups. Hence the global rotational correlation time is not very high (tau g298 = 3880 +/- 750 ps) compared to the corresponding DTPA-BA-based polymer (about 15 monomeric units), where tau g298 = 6500 ps. As a consequence, the relaxivity is limited by the rotation, which precludes the advantage obtained from the fast exchanging chelating unit (kex298 = 2.2 +/- 0.1 x 10(6) s-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Dunand
- Institut de Chimie Minérale et Analytique, BCH, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ladd DL, Hollister R, Peng X, Wei D, Wu G, Delecki D, Snow RA, Toner JL, Kellar K, Eck J, Desai VC, Raymond G, Kinter LB, Desser TS, Rubin DL. Polymeric gadolinium chelate magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents: design, synthesis, and properties. Bioconjug Chem 1999; 10:361-70. [PMID: 10346865 DOI: 10.1021/bc980086+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized and evaluated five series of polymeric gadolinium chelates which are of interest as potential MRI blood pool contrast agents. The polymers were designed so that important physical properties including molecular weight, relaxivity, metal content, viscosity, and chelate stability could be varied. We have shown that, by selecting polymers of the appropriate MW, extended blood pool retention can be achieved. In addition, relaxivity can be manipulated by changing the polymer rigidity, metal content affected by monomer selection, viscosity by polymer shape, and chelate stability by chelator selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Ladd
- Torsten Almén Research Center, Nycomed Amersham Imaging, 466 Devon Park Drive, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, USA.
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Kellar KE, Henrichs PM, Hollister R, Koenig SH, Eck J, Wei D. High relaxivity linear Gd(DTPA)-polymer conjugates: the role of hydrophobic interactions. Magn Reson Med 1997; 38:712-6. [PMID: 9358444 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910380506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of linear copolymers of DTPA-class Gd3+ conjugates, linked by alpha, omega-alkyldiamides with a varying number (n) of methylenes separating the amide function, were synthesized. Surprisingly, their relaxivities at all fields increased with increasing n. At MRI fields and 35 degrees C, the relaxivities of the n = 10 and n = 12 polymers were unexpectedly high, similar to those of rigid dendrimer-based Gd3+ chelates. The magnetic field dependence of solvent proton 1/T1 was measured for aqueous urea-free and urea-containing polymer solutions. The results for urea-free solutions imply an increase of rigidity (required for high relaxivities) with increasing n, arising from hydrophobic interactions of the methylene groups with solvent. This hypothesis is supported by a large decrease in the relaxivities upon addition of urea, which is known to weaken hydrophobic interactions. The relaxivities are also independent of polymer concentration, indicating that the hydrophobic interactions are intramolecular.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Kellar
- Nycomed, Inc., Wayne, PA 19087-8630, USA
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Gómez-Isla T, Hollister R, West H, Mui S, Growdon JH, Petersen RC, Parisi JE, Hyman BT. Neuronal loss correlates with but exceeds neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 1997; 41:17-24. [PMID: 9005861 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410410106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 989] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To assess the relationship between dementia, neuronal loss, and neuropathological findings in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we counted the number of neurons, senile plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles in a high-order association cortex. We studied the superior temporal sulcus of 34 individuals with AD and 17 nondemented control subjects, using statistically unbiased, stereological counting techniques. The number of superior temporal sulcus neurons in nondemented control subjects was stable across the sixth to ninth decades. In AD, more than 50% of the neurons were lost. Both neuronal loss and neurofibrillary tangles increased in parallel with the duration and severity of illness, but the amount of neuronal loss exceeded by manyfold the amount of neurofibrillary tangles accumulated. In contrast to the correlation between neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss, the number of senile plaques and the percentage of the superior temporal sulcus that was covered by Abeta (amyloid burden) were not related to neuronal loss, number of neurofibrillary tangles, or duration of disease. Neither the amount nor the rate of neuronal loss in the superior temporal sulcus in AD correlated with apolipoprotein E genotype. These data suggest that neuronal loss in association areas such as the superior temporal sulcus contributes directly to cognitive impairment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gómez-Isla
- Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Page K, Hollister R, Tanzi RE, Hyman BT. In situ hybridization analysis of presenilin 1 mRNA in Alzheimer disease and in lesioned rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:14020-4. [PMID: 8943053 PMCID: PMC19487 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.24.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/1996] [Accepted: 06/17/1996] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Presenilin-1 (PS-1) gene mutations are responsible for the majority of the early onset familial forms of Alzheimer disease (AD). Neither PS-1's anatomic distribution in brain nor expression in AD have been reported. Using in situ hybridization in the rat forebrain, we show that PS-1 mRNA expression is primarily in cortical and hippocampal neurons, with less expression in subcortical structures, in a regional pattern similar to APP695. Excitotoxic lesions lead to loss of PS-1 signal. A neuronal pattern of expression of PS-1 mRNA was also observed in the human hippocampal formation. AD and control levels did not differ. PS-1 is expressed in brain areas vulnerable to AD changes more so than in areas spared in AD; however, PS-1 expression is not sufficient to mark vulnerable regions. Collectively, these data suggest that the neuropathogenic process consequent to PS-1 mutations begins in neuronal cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Page
- Laboratory of Genetics and Aging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA
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Abstract
Inheritance of the epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein (apo) E is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and with increased beta-amyloid peptide (A beta) deposition in the cortex. Apo E is a member of a family of exchangeable apos, characterized by the presence of amphipathic alpha-helical segments that allow these molecules to act as surfactants on the surface of lipoprotein particles. Two members of this family, apo E and apo J, have been shown to bind soluble A beta, and both are associated with senile plaques in the AD cortex. We now have studied the pattern of brain apo expression and found that five members of this class are present: apo A-I, A-IV,D,E, and J. By contrast, apos A-II, B, and C-II were not detectable. Immunohistochemistry revealed that, in addition to apo E and apo J, apo A-I immunostained occasional senile plaques in AD cortex. Immunoblot analysis showed no difference in the relative amounts of any of these apos in tissue homogenates of frontal lobe from AD or control patients. Comparison by APO E genotype showed no differences in the amount of apo E in brain among APO E epsilon 3/3, epsilon 3/4, or epsilon 4/4 individuals; however, a significant decrease in the amount of apo J was associated with the APO E epsilon 4 allele. No differences in apo J levels were detected in CSF samples of AD subjects. We propose that several members of the exchangeable apo family may interact with A beta deposits in senile plaques through common amphipathic alpha-helical domains. Competition among these molecules for binding of A beta or A beta aggregates may influence the deposition of A beta in senile plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Harr
- Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA
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Bass J, Athreya B, Brandstrup N, Brewer E, Di Ianni M, Goldsmith D, Hollister R, Kredich D, Miller J. Flurbiprofen in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1986; 13:1081-3. [PMID: 3560095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-four patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, who were treated with flurbiprofen at a maximum dose of 4 mg/kg/day, had statistically significant decreases from baseline in 6 arthritis indices after 12 weeks of treatment. Improvements were seen in the number of tender joints, the severity of swelling and tenderness, the time of walk 50 feet, the duration of morning stiffness and the circumference of the left knee. The most frequently observed side effect was fecal occult blood (25% of patients); however, there was no other evidence of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in these patients. One patient was prematurely discontinued from the study for severe headache and abdominal pain. Most side effects were mild and related to the GI tract.
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Barber M, Kumoji VA, Bywaters EGL, Lilaram D, Datt I, McCarthy G, Datta N, Pallis C, Daly J, Payne J, Dixon A, Segall M, Haslam R, Smith DR, Hazra T, Vas C, Hollister R, Verma L, Hull D, Wooton I, Kochhar M. Nuclear War. West J Med 1961. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5259.1088-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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