1
|
Peled A, Sarig O, Mohamad J, Eskin-Schwartz M, Vodo D, Bochner R, Malchin N, Isakov O, Shomron N, Fainberg G, Bertolini M, Paus R, Sprecher E. Dominant frontonasal dysplasia with ectodermal defects results from increased activity of ALX4. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:2806-2812. [PMID: 37724761 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) refers to a group of rare developmental disorders characterized by abnormal morphology of the craniofacial region. We studied a family manifesting with clinical features typical for FND2 including neurobehavioral abnormalities, hypotrichosis, hypodontia, and facial dysmorphism. Whole-exome sequencing analysis identified a novel heterozygous frameshift insertion in ALX4 (c.985_986insGTGC, p.Pro329Argfs*115), encoding aristaless homeobox 4. This and a previously reported dominant FND2-causing variant are predicted to result in the formation of a similar abnormally elongated protein tail domain. Using a reporter assay, we showed that the elongated ALX4 displays increased activity. ALX4 negatively regulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and accordingly, patient keratinocytes showed altered expression of genes associated with the WNT/β-catenin pathway, which in turn may underlie ectodermal manifestations in FND2. In conclusion, dominant FND2 with ectodermal dysplasia results from frameshift variants in ALX4 exerting a gain-of-function effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alon Peled
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Janan Mohamad
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marina Eskin-Schwartz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
- Soroka University Medical Center, Genetic Institute, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Dan Vodo
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Natalya Malchin
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Isakov
- Rabin Medical Center, Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Clalit Research Institute, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration at Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilad Fainberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marta Bertolini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Monasterium Laboratory, Nano-Bioanalytik Zentrum, Münster, Germany
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory, Nano-Bioanalytik Zentrum, Münster, Germany
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Samuelov L, Bochner R, Magal L, Malovitski K, Sagiv N, Nousbeck J, Keren A, Fuchs-Telem D, Sarig O, Gilhar A, Sprecher E. Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a potential novel treatment for psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:567-576. [PMID: 34787924 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is characterized by aberrant activation of several pro-inflammatory circuits as well as abnormal hyperproliferation and dysregulated apoptosis of keratinocytes (KCs). Most currently available therapeutic options primarily target psoriasis-associated immunological defects rather than epidermal abnormalities. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, Vorinostat, in targeting hyperproliferation and impaired apoptosis in psoriatic skin. METHODS Vorinostat effect was investigated in primary KCs cell cultures using cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, apoptosis assays (Annexin V-FICH and caspase-3/7) and antibody arrays, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Vorinostat impact on clinical manifestations of psoriasis was investigated in a chimeric mouse model. RESULTS Vorinostat was found to inhibit KCs proliferation and to induce their differentiation and apoptosis. Using a chimeric mouse model, vorinostat was found to result in marked attenuation of a psoriasiform phenotype with a significant decrease in epidermal thickness and inhibition of epidermal proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that vorinostat, a prototypic HDAC inhibitor, may be of potential use in the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liat Samuelov
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lee Magal
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Kiril Malovitski
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadav Sagiv
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Janna Nousbeck
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviad Keren
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dana Fuchs-Telem
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Amos Gilhar
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peled A, Samuelov L, Sarig O, Bochner R, Malki L, Pavlovsky M, Pichinuk E, Weil M, Sprecher E. 078 Treatment of hereditary hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp with topical gentamicin. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
4
|
Chasalow FI, Bochner R. SAT-006 A New Concept for the Endocrinology of Pre-Eclampsia: The Role of Spiral Steroids. J Endocr Soc 2020. [PMCID: PMC7207654 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In 1987, Graves observed that during the 3rd trimester, some patients with pre-eclampsia had high levels of unknown materials that could be detected with assays for digoxin (DLM). In 2018, we characterized a new candidate for the DLM, Ionotropin. It is a phosphocholine (PC) ester of a novel steroid with 23 carbon atoms. As Ionotropin shares structural features (a) with spironolactone (both have spiral lactones in the E-ring) and (b) with digoxin (E-ring lactone and 3α-5β configuration), we have proposed that Ionotropin may function as a potassium (K+) sparing diuretic. This suggestion is supported by the observations that [1] patients who cannot make Ionotropin (7-dehydrosterol reductase deficiency) are K+ wasting and [2] breast cyst fluids with high K+ levels also have high Ionotropin levels. Hypothesis: During the 3rd trimester, fetal requirements for K+ reach a maximum, fetal blood pressure increases and aldosterone signaling is blocked. This blockage leads to fetal sodium (Na+) wasting and is essential for formation of amniotic fluid. These events are consistent with a normal role for an unknown endogenous K+ sparing hormone and would be the basis for a modest elevation of maternal DLM during the 3rd trimester. Our hypothesis is that if any of the functions were inadequate, then the fetal-placental unit would synthesize excess PC-spiral steroids; the woman would exhibit symptoms of K+ sparing hormone excess (hypertension and proteinuria) and would be diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. Experimental Results: We have just reported a pilot study associating elevated PC esters of spiral steroids in women with pre-eclampsia. In brief, 12 of 19 women had elevated levels of at least one of the PC steroids (Z-score > 2) when compared to the levels in 20 pregnant women matched for gestational age and fetal sex. There are two basic mechanisms for this dichotomy: (a) there may be episodic secretion with of a DLM with a short half-life or (b) there may be two different underlying biochemical causes. In prior studies, there has been no indication of episodic secretion of DLM similar to that observed with glucocorticoids, Ionotropin or other PC spiral steroids. Discussion: There are two basic types of K+ sparing diuretics. Type A: Spironolactone functions by regulating the NaK-ATPase. Type B: Triamterene functions by blocking synthesis of epithelial Na+ channels. Thus, Type A would have high levels of spiral steroids and Type B would have low levels of spiral steroids. Type A patients would be expected to have higher risk of long-term consequences when compared to the Type B patients. Conclusion: The recognition of the division of pre-eclampsia into two separate diseases might be the key observation for developing Type-specific diagnosis and therapy. For example, a Type A patient might benefit from a low salt diet but that diet would not be expected to benefit a patient with Type B disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ron Bochner
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Peled A, Samuelov L, Sarig O, Bochner R, Malki L, Pavlovsky M, Pichinuk E, Weil M, Sprecher E. Treatment of hereditary hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp with topical gentamicin. Br J Dermatol 2019; 183:114-120. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Peled
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - L. Samuelov
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - O. Sarig
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - R. Bochner
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - L. Malki
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - M. Pavlovsky
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - E. Pichinuk
- Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - M. Weil
- Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - E. Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a condition that complicates 3-6% of pregnancies. At present, there is no FDA approved diagnostic method to evaluate risk or progression. We would like to report our observation of elevated levels of the spiral steroid phosphoester precursor in patients with pre-eclampsia. Samples from 20 normotensive pregnant women and from 20 women with pre-eclampsia were purchased from Global Alliance for the Prevention of Prematurity and Stillbirth (GAPPS). After addition of miltefosine (hexadecyl phosphocholine) as an internal control, each sample was extracted and evaluated by tandem MS. The method detected 2 spiral steroid phosphoesters and their common precursor. For each mass ion, the ion counts obtained were compared to the ion counts of miltefosine. The samples from the normotensive women were used to establish the mean and standard deviation. Then, Z-scores were determined for each of the serum components. Of the samples from the women with pre-eclampsia, 12 of 19 (63%) samples had Z-scores over 2.0 for at least one of the steroid phosphoesters. In contrast, current markers under development for risk of pre-eclampsia have prediction scores ranging from 8 to 33%. As the spiral steroids are lactones, similar to spironolactone and related compounds, they could function as endogenous potassium sparing hormones. However, as only about half of the affected patients had elevated levels of the spiral steroids, it may not be the only underlying pathology. Parturition would end transfer of placental spiral steroids and account for the termination of the symptoms of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. Previous investigators have proposed inadequate placental function as the critical pathology of pre-eclampsia, but it is hard to imagine how inadequate placental function leads to the maternal pathology without invoking an endogenous potassium sparing hormone originating in the placenta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fred Chasalow
- IOMA LLC, Belmont, CA, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine, VAMC, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Constance M John
- Center for Immunochemistry, VAMC, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ron Bochner
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cohen-Barak E, Godsel LM, Koetsier JL, Hegazy M, Kushnir-Grinbaum D, Hammad H, Danial-Farran N, Harmon R, Khayat M, Bochner R, Peled A, Rozenblat M, Krausz J, Sarig O, Johnson JL, Ziv M, Shalev SA, Sprecher E, Green KJ. The Role of Desmoglein 1 in Gap Junction Turnover Revealed through the Study of SAM Syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:556-567.e9. [PMID: 31465738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.08.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An effective epidermal barrier requires structural and functional integration of adherens junctions, tight junctions, gap junctions (GJ), and desmosomes. Desmosomes govern epidermal integrity while GJs facilitate small molecule transfer across cell membranes. Some patients with severe dermatitis, multiple allergies, and metabolic wasting (SAM) syndrome, caused by biallelic desmoglein 1 (DSG1) mutations, exhibit skin lesions reminiscent of erythrokeratodermia variabilis, caused by mutations in connexin (Cx) genes. We, therefore, examined whether SAM syndrome-causing DSG1 mutations interfere with Cx expression and GJ function. Lesional skin biopsies from SAM syndrome patients (n = 7) revealed decreased Dsg1 and Cx43 plasma membrane localization compared with control and nonlesional skin. Cultured keratinocytes and organotypic skin equivalents depleted of Dsg1 exhibited reduced Cx43 expression, rescued upon re-introduction of wild-type Dsg1, but not Dsg1 constructs modeling SAM syndrome-causing mutations. Ectopic Dsg1 expression increased cell-cell dye transfer, which Cx43 silencing inhibited, suggesting that Dsg1 promotes GJ function through Cx43. As GJA1 gene expression was not decreased upon Dsg1 loss, we hypothesized that Cx43 reduction was due to enhanced protein degradation. Supporting this, PKC-dependent Cx43 S368 phosphorylation, which signals Cx43 turnover, increased after Dsg1 depletion, while lysosomal inhibition restored Cx43 levels. These data reveal a role for Dsg1 in regulating epidermal Cx43 turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eran Cohen-Barak
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Dermatology, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel; Bruce and Ruth Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lisa M Godsel
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer L Koetsier
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marihan Hegazy
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Helwe Hammad
- Department of Dermatology, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | - Robert Harmon
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Morad Khayat
- The Genetic Institute, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alon Peled
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mati Rozenblat
- Department of Dermatology, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Judit Krausz
- Department of Pathology, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jodi L Johnson
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Ziv
- Department of Dermatology, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Stavit A Shalev
- Bruce and Ruth Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel; The Genetic Institute, "Emek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kathleen J Green
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mohamad J, Sarig O, Godsel LM, Peled A, Malchin N, Bochner R, Vodo D, Rabinowitz T, Pavlovsky M, Taiber S, Fried M, Eskin-Schwartz M, Assi S, Shomron N, Uitto J, Koetsier JL, Bergman R, Green KJ, Sprecher E. Filaggrin 2 Deficiency Results in Abnormal Cell-Cell Adhesion in the Cornified Cell Layers and Causes Peeling Skin Syndrome Type A. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1736-1743. [PMID: 29758285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Peeling skin syndromes form a large and heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by superficial detachment of the epidermal cornified cell layers, often associated with inflammatory features. Here we report on a consanguineous family featuring noninflammatory peeling of the skin exacerbated by exposure to heat and mechanical stress. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense mutation in FLG2, encoding filaggrin 2, which cosegregated with the disease phenotype in the family. The mutation was found to result in decreased FLG2 RNA levels as well as almost total absence of filaggrin 2 in the patient epidermis. Filaggrin 2 was found to be expressed throughout the cornified cell layers and to colocalize with corneodesmosin that plays a crucial role in maintaining cell-cell adhesion in this region of the epidermis. The absence of filaggrin 2 in the patient skin was associated with markedly decreased corneodesmosin expression, which may contribute to the peeling phenotype displayed by the patients. Accordingly, using the dispase dissociation assay, we showed that FLG2 downregulation interferes with keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. Of particular interest, this effect was aggravated by temperature elevation, consistent with the clinical phenotype. Restoration of corneodesmosin levels by ectopic expression rescued cell-cell adhesion. Taken together, the present data suggest that filaggrin 2 is essential for normal cell-cell adhesion in the cornified cell layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janan Mohamad
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lisa M Godsel
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alon Peled
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Natalia Malchin
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Vodo
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tom Rabinowitz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mor Pavlovsky
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Fried
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marina Eskin-Schwartz
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Siwar Assi
- Research Center for Digestive Disease, Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Variantyx, Ltd, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer L Koetsier
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Reuven Bergman
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kathleen J Green
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bochner R, Eskin-Schwartz M, Sarig O, Peled A, Mohamad J, Malchin N, Isakov O, Fainberg G, Shomron N, Bertolini M, Paus R, Sprecher E. 770 An exceptional mutation in ALX4 results in ectodermal defects. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Pavlovsky M, Sarig O, Eskin-Schwartz M, Malchin N, Bochner R, Mohamad J, Gat A, Peled A, Hafner A, Sprecher E. 由PSENEN始祖突变引起的结合了化脓性汗腺炎与道林-德戈斯(Dowling-Degos)病的表现型. Br J Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Pavlovsky M, Sarig O, Eskin-Schwartz M, Malchin N, Bochner R, Mohamad J, Gat A, Peled A, Hafner A, Sprecher E. A phenotype combining hidradenitis suppurativa with Dowling-Degos disease caused by a founder mutation in PSENEN. Br J Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
12
|
Pavlovsky M, Sarig O, Eskin-Schwartz M, Malchin N, Bochner R, Mohamad J, Gat A, Peled A, Hafner A, Sprecher E. A phenotype combining hidradenitis suppurativa with Dowling-Degos disease caused by a founder mutation in PSENEN. Br J Dermatol 2017; 178:502-508. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pavlovsky
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - O. Sarig
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - M. Eskin-Schwartz
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - N. Malchin
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - R. Bochner
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - J. Mohamad
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - A. Gat
- Institute of Pathology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - A. Peled
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - A. Hafner
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
| | - E. Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; 6 Weizmann Street Tel Aviv 64239 Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nesmond S, Bochner R, Sarig O, Pain C, Bergeron V, rambert J, Morice-Picard F, Sprecher E, Taieb A, Cario-Andre M. 617 Cole disease: Role of ENPP1 in regulation of pigmentation and epidermal differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Samuelov L, Li Q, Bochner R, Najor NA, Albrecht L, Malchin N, Goldsmith T, Grafi-Cohen M, Vodo D, Fainberg G, Meilik B, Goldberg I, Warshauer E, Rogers T, Edie S, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Burzenski L, Erez N, Murray SA, Irvine AD, Shultz L, Green KJ, Uitto J, Sprecher E, Sarig O. SVEP1 plays a crucial role in epidermal differentiation. Exp Dermatol 2017; 26:423-430. [PMID: 27892606 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
SVEP1 is a recently identified multidomain cell adhesion protein, homologous to the mouse polydom protein, which has been shown to mediate cell-cell adhesion in an integrin-dependent manner in osteogenic cells. In this study, we characterized SVEP1 function in the epidermis. SVEP1 was found by qRT-PCR to be ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, including the skin. Confocal microscopy revealed that SVEP1 is normally mostly expressed in the cytoplasm of basal and suprabasal epidermal cells. Downregulation of SVEP1 expression in primary keratinocytes resulted in decreased expression of major epidermal differentiation markers. Similarly, SVEP1 downregulation was associated with disturbed differentiation and marked epidermal acanthosis in three-dimensional skin equivalents. In contrast, the dispase assay failed to demonstrate significant differences in adhesion between keratinocytes expressing normal vs low levels of SVEP1. Homozygous Svep1 knockout mice were embryonic lethal. Thus, to assess the importance of SVEP1 for normal skin homoeostasis in vivo, we downregulated SVEP1 in zebrafish embryos with a Svep1-specific splice morpholino. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a rugged epidermis with perturbed microridge formation in the centre of the keratinocytes of morphant larvae. Transmission electron microscopy analysis demonstrated abnormal epidermal cell-cell adhesion with disadhesion between cells in Svep1-deficient morphant larvae compared to controls. In summary, our results indicate that SVEP1 plays a critical role during epidermal differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liat Samuelov
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Qiaoli Li
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ron Bochner
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicole A Najor
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Albrecht
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalia Malchin
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tomer Goldsmith
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Meital Grafi-Cohen
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Vodo
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilad Fainberg
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Benjamin Meilik
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Goldberg
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Emily Warshauer
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tova Rogers
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarah Edie
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | | | | | - Noam Erez
- The Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Alan D Irvine
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Kathleen J Green
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bochner R, Samuelov L, Sarig O, Li Q, Adase CA, Isakov O, Malchin N, Vodo D, Shayevitch R, Peled A, Yu BD, Fainberg G, Warshauer E, Adir N, Erez N, Gat A, Gottlieb Y, Rogers T, Pavlovsky M, Goldberg I, Shomron N, Sandilands A, Campbell LE, MacCallum S, McLean WHI, Ast G, Gallo RL, Uitto J, Sprecher E. Calpain 12 Function Revealed through the Study of an Atypical Case of Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:385-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
16
|
Peled A, Sarig O, Samuelov L, Bertolini M, Ziv L, Weissglas-Volkov D, Eskin-Schwartz M, Adase CA, Malchin N, Bochner R, Fainberg G, Goldberg I, Sugawara K, Baniel A, Tsuruta D, Luxenburg C, Adir N, Duverger O, Morasso M, Shalev S, Gallo RL, Shomron N, Paus R, Sprecher E. Mutations in TSPEAR, Encoding a Regulator of Notch Signaling, Affect Tooth and Hair Follicle Morphogenesis. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006369. [PMID: 27736875 PMCID: PMC5065119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of ectodermal dysplasias (EDs), the molecular basis of many of these disorders remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed at elucidating the genetic basis of a new form of ED featuring facial dysmorphism, scalp hypotrichosis and hypodontia. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified 2 frameshift and 2 missense mutations in TSPEAR segregating with the disease phenotype in 3 families. TSPEAR encodes the thrombospondin-type laminin G domain and EAR repeats (TSPEAR) protein, whose function is poorly understood. TSPEAR knock-down resulted in altered expression of genes known to be regulated by NOTCH and to be involved in murine hair and tooth development. Pathway analysis confirmed that down-regulation of TSPEAR in keratinocytes is likely to affect Notch signaling. Accordingly, using a luciferase-based reporter assay, we showed that TSPEAR knock-down is associated with decreased Notch signaling. In addition, NOTCH1 protein expression was reduced in patient scalp skin. Moreover, TSPEAR silencing in mouse hair follicle organ cultures was found to induce apoptosis in follicular epithelial cells, resulting in decreased hair bulb diameter. Collectively, these observations indicate that TSPEAR plays a critical, previously unrecognized role in human tooth and hair follicle morphogenesis through regulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Ectodermal dysplasias refer to a large group of inherited disorders characterized by developmental defects in tissues of ectodermal origin. The study of these conditions has been instrumental in the discovery of biological pathways involved in the regulation of epithelial tissue morphogenesis. In this report, through the delineation of the molecular basis of a novel form of autosomal recessive ectodermal dysplasia, we identified a new key player in ectodermal development. We detected a number of mutations in TSPEAR co-segregating with abnormal hair and tooth development in three families. TSPEAR encodes the thrombospondin-type laminin G domain and EAR repeats (TSPEAR) protein, whose function is poorly understood. TSPEAR was found to be strongly expressed in murine hair and tooth. Using a reporter assay, we showed that it regulates Notch activity. Accordingly, NOTCH1 expression was altered in patient skin, and NOTCH1, as well as many of its known targets, was down-regulated in TSPEAR deficient keratinocytes. Moreover, Tspear silencing in mouse hair follicle organ cultures was found to induce apoptosis in follicular epithelial cells, resulting in decreased hair bulb diameter. Collectively, these observations indicate that TSPEAR plays a critical, previously unrecognized role in human tooth and hair follicle morphogenesis through regulation of the Notch pathway. As such, these new data are likely to lead to further investigations aimed at characterizing the role of Notch signaling pathway in other forms of ectodermal dysplasias as well as acquired hair and tooth pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alon Peled
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Samuelov
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Marta Bertolini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Limor Ziv
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Marina Eskin-Schwartz
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Christopher A. Adase
- Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Natalia Malchin
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilad Fainberg
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Goldberg
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Koji Sugawara
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Avital Baniel
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chen Luxenburg
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Adir
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olivier Duverger
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maria Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stavit Shalev
- Institute of Human Genetics, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Richard L. Gallo
- Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ralf Paus
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khamaysi Z, Bochner R, Indelman M, Magal L, Avitan‐Hersh E, Sarig O, Sprecher E, Bergman R. Segmental basal cell naevus syndrome caused by an activating mutation in
smoothened. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:178-81. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Khamaysi
- Department of Dermatology Rambam Health Care Campus Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion POX 9602 Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - R. Bochner
- Department of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - M. Indelman
- Department of Dermatology Rambam Health Care Campus Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion POX 9602 Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - L. Magal
- Department of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - E. Avitan‐Hersh
- Department of Dermatology Rambam Health Care Campus Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion POX 9602 Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - O. Sarig
- Department of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
| | - E. Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Israel
| | - R. Bergman
- Department of Dermatology Rambam Health Care Campus Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion POX 9602 Haifa 31096 Israel
- Department of Pathology Rambam Health Care Campus Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion POX 9602 Haifa 31096 Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vodo D, Sarig O, Geller S, Ben-Asher E, Olender T, Bochner R, Goldberg I, Nosgorodsky J, Alkelai A, Tatarskyy P, Peled A, Baum S, Barzilai A, Ibrahim SM, Zillikens D, Lancet D, Sprecher E. Identification of a Functional Risk Variant for Pemphigus Vulgaris in the ST18 Gene. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006008. [PMID: 27148741 PMCID: PMC4858139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threatening autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disease caused by disruption of intercellular adhesion due to auto-antibodies directed against epithelial components. Treatment is limited to immunosuppressive agents, which are associated with serious adverse effects. The propensity to develop the disease is in part genetically determined. We therefore reasoned that the delineation of PV genetic basis may point to novel therapeutic strategies. Using a genome-wide association approach, we recently found that genetic variants in the vicinity of the ST18 gene confer a significant risk for the disease. Here, using targeted deep sequencing, we identified a PV-associated variant residing within the ST18 promoter region (p<0.0002; odds ratio = 2.03). This variant was found to drive increased gene transcription in a p53/p63-dependent manner, which may explain the fact that ST18 is up-regulated in the skin of PV patients. We then discovered that when overexpressed, ST18 stimulates PV serum-induced secretion of key inflammatory molecules and contributes to PV serum-induced disruption of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion, two processes previously implicated in the pathogenesis of PV. Thus, the present findings indicate that ST18 may play a direct role in PV and consequently represents a potential target for the treatment of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Vodo
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shamir Geller
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Edna Ben-Asher
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Goldberg
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Judith Nosgorodsky
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Alkelai
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pavel Tatarskyy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Peled
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Baum
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Aviv Barzilai
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Doron Lancet
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peled A, Sarig O, Samuelov L, Bertolini M, Ziv L, Weissglas-Volkov D, Eskin-Schwartz M, Adase C, Malchin N, Bochner R, Fainberg G, Sugawara K, Baniel A, Tsuruta D, Luxemburg C, Adir N, Goldberg I, Gallo R, Shomron N, Paus R, Sprecher E. 414 A new form of ectodermal dysplasia caused by mutations in TSPEAR. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Bochner R, Samuelov L, Sarig O, Li Q, Koetsier J, Adase C, Isakov O, Malchin N, Vodo D, Shayevitch R, Yu B, Fainberg G, Harmon R, Najor N, Godsel L, Warshauer E, Gat A, Goldberg I, Shomron N, Ast G, McLean W, Gallo R, Uitto J, Green K, Sprecher E. 372 CAPN12 function revealed through the study of an atypical case of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
21
|
Bochner R, Ziv Y, Zeevi D, Donyo M, Abraham L, Ashery-Padan R, Ast G. Phosphatidylserine increases IKBKAP levels in a humanized knock-in IKBKAP mouse model. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:2785-94. [PMID: 23515154 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a severe neurodegenerative genetic disorder restricted to the Ashkenazi Jewish population. The most common mutation in FD patients is a T-to-C transition at position 6 of intron 20 of the IKBKAP gene. This mutation causes aberrant skipping of exon 20 in a tissue-specific manner, leading to reduction of the IκB kinase complex-associated protein (IKAP) protein in the nervous system. We established a homozygous humanized mouse strain carrying human exon 20 and its two flanking introns; the 3' intron has the transition observed in the IKBKAP gene of FD patients. Although our FD humanized mouse does not display FD symptoms, the unique, tissue-specific splicing pattern of the IKBKAP in these mice allowed us to evaluate the effect of therapies on gene expression and exon 20 splicing. The FD mice were supplemented with phosphatidylserine (PS), a safe food supplement that increases mRNA and protein levels of IKBKAP in cell lines generated from FD patients. Here we demonstrated that PS treatment increases IKBAKP mRNA and IKAP protein levels in various tissues of FD mice without affecting exon 20 inclusion levels. We also observed that genes associated with transcription regulation and developmental processes were up-regulated in the cerebrum of PS-treated mice. Thus, PS holds promise for the treatment of FD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Bochner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Brazil TK, Melgarejo AR, Werneck de Castro AJ, Barraviera B, Souza CM, Brazil EV, Cotta GA, Puorto G, Pauli I, Minozzo JC, Prado-Franceschi J, Cunha LER, Lima MVC, Lira-da-Silva RM, Bochner R, Ferreira Júnior RS, Souza SP, Queiroz VS. Vital network for Brazil: national network of information, discussion and cooperation concerning venomous animals. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-91992011000300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
24
|
Bochner R, Duvshani A, Adir N, Hizi A. Mutagenesis of Gln294 of the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type-2 and its effects on the ribonuclease H activity. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:2799-805. [PMID: 18625228 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high homology between human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus type-2 (HIV-2) reverse transcriptases (RTs), the ribonuclease H (RNase H) level of HIV-2 RT is lower than that of HIV-1 RT, while the DNA polymerase of both RTs is similar. We conducted mutagenesis of HIV-2 RT Gln294 (shown to control the RNase H activity level when modified to a Pro in the smaller p54 subunit and not in the larger p68 subunit) to various residues, and assayed the activities of all mutants. All exhibited an RNase H that is higher than the wild-type (WT) HIV-2 RT level, although the DNA polymerase of all mutants equals WT HIV-2 RT level. These results represent a unique case, where every mutation induces an increase rather than a decrease in an enzyme's activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bochner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 62263, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions in developed countries and represents a significant risk factor for hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Splicing mutations constitute at least 14% of disease-causing mutations, thus implicating polymorphisms that affect splicing as likely candidates for disease susceptibility. A recent study suggested that genes associated with obesity were significantly enriched for rare nucleotide variants. Here, we examined these variants and revealed that they are located near splice junctions and tend to affect exonic splicing regulatory sequences. We also show that the majority of the exons that harbor these SNPs are constitutively spliced, yet they exhibit weak splice sites, typical to alternatively spliced exons, and are hence suboptimal for recognition by the splicing machinery and prone to become alternatively spliced. Using ex vivo assays, we tested a few representative variants and show that they indeed affect splicing by causing a shift from a constitutive to an alternative pattern, suggesting a possible link between extreme body mass index and abnormal splicing patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Goren
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Avidan O, Bochner R, Hizi A. Corrigendum to “The catalytic properties of the recombinant reverse transcriptase of bovine immunodeficiency virus” [Virology 351 (2006) 42–57]. Virology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
27
|
Avidan O, Bochner R, Hizi A. The catalytic properties of the recombinant reverse transcriptase of bovine immunodeficiency virus. Virology 2006; 351:42-57. [PMID: 16631225 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Revised: 02/16/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) is a lentivirus with no proven pathogenesis in infected cattle. Yet, in experimentally infected rabbits, it causes an AIDS-like disease. Consequently, we expressed two recombinant isoforms of BIV reverse transcriptase (RT), which differ in their C-termini, and studied their catalytic properties. Both isoforms prefer Mg(+2) over Mn(+2) with most DNA polymerase and ribonuclease-H substrates. The processivity of DNA synthesis by the BIV RTs is higher than that of HIV-1 RT, whereas the fidelity of synthesis is even lower than that of the HIV-1 enzyme. The ribonuclease-H cleavage pattern suggests that the spatial distance between the polymerase and ribonuclease-H active sites of the two BIV RT isoforms equals 20 nt, unlike the 17 nt distance observed in almost all other RTs. The longer BIV RT version is somewhat less active than the shorter version, suggesting that the extra 74 residues (with homology to dUTPases) might obstruct efficient catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orna Avidan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
This article analyzes the role of pharmaceuticals in human poisoning in Brazil from 1993 to 1996, based on data from the National Network of Poison Control Centers. Results are presented according to cause, age group, sex, and evolution. The paper discusses measures aimed at preventing this serious public health problem, which primarily impacts children under five years of age in accidents caused by inappropriate use of medicines. The authors also analyze the association between female gender and deaths caused by intentional intake of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Bortoletto
- Sistema Nacional de Informações Tóxico-Farmacológicas, Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Prédio Biblioteca de Manguinhos, sala 218, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brasil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Even with wider application of cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer, there is still a lack of adequate documentation concerning morbidity and mortality associated with this surgery. The purpose of this paper is to provide such information. This report is based on a retrospective analysis of 60 patients with Stage III and IV disease who had maximal cytoreductive surgery at the Long Island Jewish-Hillside Medical Center between January 1975 and February 1982. This analysis was focused on variables related to morbidity and mortality associated with the procedure. The results indicated that operating time, blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative morbidity, and the length of hospital stay were acceptable. Only one operative mortality was encountered. The presence of a gynecologic oncologist in the operating room was crucial in carrying out optimal cytoreductive surgery. It is concluded that morbidity and mortality in primary maximal cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian carcinoma are acceptable and the surgery should be performed if feasible.
Collapse
|
30
|
|